【魔女训练营】攻克词汇第20、21集

海豚宝贝 · 发表于 09-5-16 19:58:54

上一期：http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-389968-1-1.html

这是一个带着大家每天背单词的活动，每天上线30分钟，跟着海豚背单词复习单词，快乐地攻下单词难关哦
有些事情可以有捷径，背单词也有捷径，但是没有捷到可以不下功夫就记住，所以，要有吃苦的准备哦。

本节目适用于以下人群：
1、正在备考，还没有背单词的，可以每天跟着我们的节目背单词；
2、已经背过一部分单词的，可以通过我们的节目进行复习，省去了很多复习的精力。

本节目分为如下几个步骤：
1、词根、图片记忆（看海豚给出的关系图形象记忆单词）
2、单词逐词记忆（看单词的英英意思和相关词汇进行立体记忆）
3、例句考核（现学现用，说出题目中黑体字在句子中的含义）
4、昨日重现（复习昨天学过的内容）

鸣谢
本活动内容出自世纪高教编辑部黄皮书《说文解词》、新东方红宝书《考研英语词汇词根+联想记忆法》和《星火2010考研英语词汇星火式巧记•速记•精练》。同时感谢kaoyan-pub网上书店提供的书籍材料。

1
请理清图中的词缀关系，必要的话，请自己在草稿纸上学着画一下词汇关系。
今天要学的词缀是：

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

2
请注意看下表中的彩色部分哦
做练习的时候发现很多同学都是指回答了单词的本意，在这里海豚希望大家背单词的时候多看一下英语的解释和英语的近义词，多看英英意思才能够知道这个单词的确切意思，因为毕竟英文翻译为中文的释义，还是多多少少会有一些误差。导致我们在理解句子的时候，把中文的意思拿来生搬硬套很容易出错。

enforce	词义	① to make people obey a rule or law 执行，实施（法律或规定）［近carry out, impose, implement］ ② to make something happen or force sb to do sth （尤指用威胁或武力）强迫实行，把……强加于［+sth on sb］［近impose, force］
enforce	例句	she added one that described Lengel's crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A & P “policy” he enforces. 她添加了一个描写兰格尔对女孩态度恶劣的段落，进而引出兰格尔推行的A&P“政策”这一内容。(2008阅读Part B）
reinforce	词义	① to give support to an opinion, idea, or feeling, and make it stronger充实，强化（观点、看法、感觉等）［近enrich, strengthen］ ② to make a building, piece of clothing etc stronger 加固（建筑、衣物等），使更结实［近strengthen］ ③ to make a group of people, esp. an army, stronger by adding people, equipment etc增援（尤指部队），加强……的力量［近strengthen］
reinforce	例句	Durkheim proposed that religious beliefs functioned to reinforce social solidarity.涂尔干提出，宗教信仰具有加强社会团结的功能。（2009阅读Part B）

found	词义	① find 的过去式及过去分词 ② ［常用被动］ to base sth on sth 建立在……基础上［+sth on sth］ ③ to start sth, such as an organization, an institution, a city or a country （尤指提供资金）创办（组织或机构）；创建，建立（国家、城市等）［近establish］ ④ to melt medal and pour it into a mould to make things 熔铸，铸造
foundation	词义	① ［常用复数］ the solid underground base of a building 地基，房基 ② a basic idea, principle, situation etc that something develops from 基础；根据；基本原理［+of sth］［近base，basis, groundwork］ ③ the establishment of an organization, business, school etc 建立；创办 ④ an organization that gives money to a charity, for research etc基金会
foundation	例句	...the basic structural foundations of a society...社会的基本结构基础……（2001阅读Text 2）
fund	词义	① an amount of money that is collected and kept for a particular purpose 基金，专款 ②［用复数］money that is available to be spent 资金；现款［short of+，in+］ ③［用单数］a large amount or supply of sth（相当的）数量，储备［+of sth］ ④ to provide money for sth, usu. sth official 为……提供资金；资助
fund	例句	He must either sell some of his property or seek extra funds in the form of loans. 他就只得变卖部分家产或通过贷款寻求额外的资金。 (2000 知识运用)
fundamental	词义	① affecting the most central and important parts of sth 十分重大的，根本的［近basic, elementary, essential］ ② forming the necessary basis of sth 必不可少的，基本的［+to sth］［近necessary，essential］ ③ ［常用复数］ a basic rule or principle; an essential part 基本规律；基本原理；基础［+of sth］
fundamental	例句	Above all, they would hope to study a fundamental question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?最重要的是它们希望研究一个根本的问题：人类是否真正意识到了自己所生存的世界？（2009知识运用）
profound	词义	① felt or experienced very strongly 深切的，巨大的，深远的［近deep］ ② showing great knowledge and understanding; needing a lot of study or thought 知识渊博的，见解深刻的；深邃的，玄奥的［近deep］ ③ very serious; complete 严重的，完全的
profound	例句	But the environment must also have a profound effect 但是环境也应该有深远的影响。（1995 阅读Passage 5）

fraction	词义	① a very small amount of sth 少量，一部分［+of sth］ ② (数学上的)分数；小数
fracture	词义	① a break in a bone or other hard substance; the fact of sth breaking 骨折，裂缝，断裂［近breach, break, crack］ ② to (make sth) break or crack (使)断裂，折断 ③ (of a society, organization etc) to split into several parts; to split sth in this way（使）(社团，组织等)分裂［近split］
fragile	词义	① easily broken, damaged or destroyed 易碎的，易损坏的；脆弱的 ② not strong and likely to become ill (人)瘦弱的，虚弱的［近weak］ ③ delicate and often beautiful 纤巧的，精细的
fragile	例句	... reveal... the fragile nature of the country's infancy 揭示了……新生国家的脆弱性（2008阅读Text 4）
fragment	词义	① a small piece of sth that has broken off or come from sth larger碎片，碎块；片段［近bit, fraction, portion］ ② to break sth, or be broken into a lot of small parts (使)碎裂，分裂
refrain	词义	①to not to do sth that you want to do(自我)克制，节制［+from sth/doing sth］ ② a remark or complaint that is often repeated一再重复的评价或抱怨

confuse	词义	① to make sb unable to think clearly or understand sth; to make a situation or problem more difficult to understand or to deal with 使（某人）迷惑；把（某事物）搅乱［近distract, perplex, bewild］ ② to think wrongly that sb/sth is sb/sth else混淆，混同［+A and/with B］［近mix up］
confuse	例句	...their descriptions of battles are confused.他们对战斗的描述令人费解。（2000阅读Text 3）
confusion	词义	① a state of being confused; a very confusing situation that is difficult to understand or control 困惑［+about/over sth，+as to sth］［近distraction, perplexity］；混乱，骚乱［近mess, uproar］ ② the fact of making a mistake about who sb is or what sth is混淆，混同［+between A and B］ ③ a feeling of embarrassment when you do not know what you should say or do慌乱，窘迫［in+］
diffuse	词义	① to make heat, gas, light etc spread so that it mixes with the surrounding substance or becomes less brighter（使）（热量，气体等）扩散，渗透，（光）漫射［近scatter］ ② to spread information, power etc or cause to spread among people 传播，普及，分散［近scatter］ ③to make a bad feeling or situation less strong or serious 减轻，缓解［近relieve］ ④spread over a wide area 弥漫的，扩散的，分散的［近widespread, scattered］ ⑤ using a lot of words and not explaining things clearly and directly冗长的，不清楚的［近wordy］
fuse	词义	① (电器的)保险丝 ② (炸弹、烟火等的)导火索，定时引信 ③ to (make metals, rocks etc) melt by being heated(使)(岩石、金属等)熔化 ④ to (make sth) stop working because a fuse has melted(因保险丝熔断而)(使)中断工作 ⑤to (make sth) join together to become a single thing (使)结合，融合，合并
futile	词义	(of actions) being useless because they have no chance of being successful徒劳的，无效的［+to do sth］［近pointless］
refuse	词义	① to say or show that you will not do sth sb has asked you to do 拒绝(做某事) ［+to do sth］［近decline，reject，turn down］［反agree to］ ② to say that you do not want sth that has been offered to you不接受，谢绝［近decline，reject，turn down］［反accept］ ③ to not give or allow sb sth that they want拒绝给予（某人所需之物）［+sb sth］ ④ waste material废料，废物［近rubbish, garbage］
refuse	例句	...refused to accept the slice of cucumber……拒绝接受那片黄瓜（2005阅读Text 1）
refute	词义	①to prove that sth is not correct 驳斥，批驳（观点、理论等）［近disprove］ ② to say that sth is not true or fair 否认（真实性或公正性）［近deny］

degenerate	词义	① to become worse （体力或精神）衰退；堕落；恶化［+into sth］［近deteriorate］ ② having become worse in character or quality than before （性格或品质）衰退的，没落的 ③ having very low standards or moral behaviour 堕落的，颓废的 ④ a person whose behavior is considered to be morally unacceptable 堕落的人
gender	词义	the fact of being male or female 性别
gene	词义	基因
gene	例句	They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases... 他们也比大多数人更容易患多种严重的遗传疾病……(2008 知识运用)
general	词义	① affecting all or most people, places or things 全体的，总的，全面的［in+］［近overall］ ② describing only the main features of sth, not the details概括性的，大体的［近overall］ ③ of an ordinary kind; normal; usual 正常的，一般的［in+］ ④ not limited to a particular subject, use or activity 普通的，一般性的 ⑤ highest in rank; chief 总管的，首席的 ⑥ a officer of very high rank in the army or air force (陆军或空军的)将军，上将
general	例句	In the general population today, at this genetic, environmental level, weve pretty much gone as far as we can go 当今,就总体的人口而言，在现有环境和基因水平下，（原有部分）我们已经达到了身高的极限（2008 阅读Text3）
generalise/generalize	词义	①to form general principles or opinions from a small number of facts or examples 概括，归纳［+from sth］ ② to make a general statement about sth and not look at the details 笼统地表达，概括地论述［+about sth］ ③ to put a principle, statement, or rule into a more general form so that is covers a larger number of examples 类推，扩大（原则、论述或规律）的应用范围［+sth to sth］
generalise/generalize	例句	And generalizations have proved difficult.但很难得出一个概括性的结论。(2002 知识运用)
generate	词义	to produce or create sth产生，创造；引起［近produce，create，yield］
generate	例句	This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate particular smell receptors in the nose.这可能是因为前者缺乏一种基因，这种基因能够在鼻子里产生某种特定的气味感受器。(2005 知识运用)
generation	词义	① all people or all the members of a family of about the same age （统称）一代人；（家史中的）一代，一辈 ②the average time between the birth of a person and the birth of that person's children 一代人的时间（通常认为约30年） ③［常用单数］ a group of people of similar age involved in a particular activity; a stage in the development of a product 一批，一届（从事某活动的同龄人）；（产品发展的）一代 ④the process of producing sth or making sth happen 产生，繁殖，发生
generation	例句	By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families. 到了第三代，原来的语言在大部分移民家庭中丧失。（2006阅读Text 1）
generous	词义	① giving or willing to give freely; given freely 慷慨的，大方的［+with sth，+to sb］［近liberal］［反mean］ ② kind in the way you treat people; willing to see what is good about sb/sth 宽宏大量的；仁慈的 ③ larger than the usual or expected amount 大量的，丰富的
genius	词义	①unusually great intelligence, skill or artistic ability 天才，天赋［近gift, talent］ ② sb who has genius 天才人物 ③ ［用单数］ a special skill or ability （特别的）才能，本领［+for sth/doing sth］ ④ the special quality of a particular group of people, period of time etc （某一群体、某个时期的）特征
genius	例句	Science moves forward not so much through the insights of great men of genius... 科学的进步与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见……(1994 翻译)
genuine	词义	① sincere and honest; that can be trusted 真诚的，诚实的，可信赖的 ②exactly what it appears to be; not artificial 非伪造的，名副其实的［近real］
homogeneous	词义	consisting of people or things that are all of the same kind 由同一种族人组成；由同类事物组成的
ingenious	词义	① (of a person) having a lot of clever new ideas and good at inventing things(人)心灵手巧的；善于发明创造的 ② (of an object, a plan, an idea etc) very suitable for a particular purpose and resulting from clever new ideas (物件、计划、主意等)精巧的，新颖独特的
ingenious	例句	Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools...自从人类萌发了创造力，他们已经设计出比以往都更精巧的工具……（2002阅读Text 2）
pregnant	词义	① having a baby or young animal developing inside a woman or a female animals body 怀孕的，妊娠的 ② full of a quality or feeling 饱含；充溢着［+with sth］

3
说出下面例句中，黑色粗体字的意思并写在草稿纸上，每写一个加2分，写对一个追加3分。
句子全部出自新鲜的国外杂志报纸哦，一定要认真做哩~~~
1、Owing to his severe learning disability, compounded by profound deafness, Admani requires help every day. (2002 The Guardian)
由于他又严重的学习障碍，再加上完全失聪，阿达曼尼每天都需要别人的协助。
2、I do refute the argument that the US operates “a worldwide neo-colonial economy”.(2006 The Guardian)
我批驳那种认为美国在世界范围内运行新殖民主义经济的论点。
3、His seriousness as a businessman was matched by a warm and generous heart. (2004 The Guardian)
他是一个认真的商人，还有一颗热诚、仁慈的心。
4、It's about time the rest of the world came to appreciate the genius of Japanese animator Miyazaki. (2000 The Guardian)
是时间让世界欣赏日本动画设计师宫崎葵的天赋了。
5、Books that appeared in this period, are usually pregnant with criticism and renovation. (Books Google)
这一时期出版的书往往充满了批评意味和革新意识。

草稿纸在这里哦~
[answer]1[/answer]

tyropapa · 发表于 09-5-16 20:36:04

[s:5] 沙发[s:5]
1.由于严重的学习障碍，加上严重耳聋（囧，幸好没翻成进一步），阿达曼尼每天都需要帮助
2.我反对那种认为美国运行世界范围的新殖民主义经济的言论
3.他是一个敬业的商人，同时具有一颗热情跟善良慷慨的心
4.是时候让世界上其他地方的人欣赏日本A（囧rz） Miyazaki的天赋了。
5.这一时期的书都充满着批评和革新的（言论）

[ 本帖最后由 sudapapa 于 2009-5-16 20:59 编辑 ]

Thinkers · 发表于 09-5-16 20:43:38

板凳

1完全的 2批驳 3仁慈的 4天赋 5充满

[ 本帖最后由 Thinkers 于 2009-5-18 18:02 编辑 ]

悠悠上人 · 发表于 09-5-16 20:49:51

OO好复杂哦
···

kalongshishui · 发表于 09-5-16 21:10:36

1.严重的
2.反对驳斥
3.仁慈的慷慨的
4.天资
5.包含着充斥着

pikachu · 发表于 09-5-16 22:03:27

好难得啊!!!赶上直播啦

chenzhanglivv · 发表于 09-5-16 22:18:58

坚持下来，才会有收获

赖赖 · 发表于 09-5-16 22:22:28

1,由于严重的学习障碍，再加上严重的（完全）耳聋，阿达玛尼每天都需要帮助
2，我反对美国操纵全世界的殖民经济的论断
3，他有作为商人的严肃认真（他是一个认真的商人），也有一颗宽厚仁慈的心
4，到了世界上其他国家欣赏日本？的天才（天赋）的时候了
5，这一时期的书通常充斥着批判和革新

[ 本帖最后由 hanjing719 于 2009-5-16 22:25 编辑 ]

ccb2614151 · 发表于 09-5-16 23:30:43

中文翻译：
1.由于他严重的学习障碍，再加上极差的听力，艾门尼每天都寻求帮助。（adj.严重的）
2.我强烈驳斥美国实行世界范围内的新殖民主义的经济的观点。（v.驳斥）
3.作为一位商人，他的认真和他热情和慷慨之心相称。（adj.慷慨的，大方的）
4.剩下的地球人来赞赏日本漫画家宫崎的才华，现在正是时候。（n.才华）
5.在这个时代出版的书大多充满了创新和指责。（v.饱含；充溢着）

障碍词：
1.compounded by 再加上
2.neo-colonial  新殖民主义的
3.match n.比赛；对手；匹配；火柴 v.相配，相称
4.the rest of the world  ？？？剩余的世界？？？
animator  漫画制作者
Miyazaki 宫崎
5.renovation  n.  革新, 刷新, 修理

问题：
1.requires help 中“help”什么时候可数什么时候不可数，这里应该是不可数的，我查字典是可数名词的例句。
（有点乱，希望海豚姐姐解惑）

[ 本帖最后由 ccb2614151 于 2009-5-17 04:09 编辑 ]

xiao-iii · 发表于 09-5-16 23:32:07

1.由于他学习方面的严重缺陷及耳聋，阿德玛尼一直需要帮助。
2.我反对美国操纵“世界殖民经济”的论点。
3.他商人般的认真和他的热忱和慷慨的的心
4.是时候让世界去欣赏日本漫画家Miyazaki的天资
5.这一时期的书大都充斥着批评与修正。
唉，真痛苦！

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【魔女训练营】攻克词汇 第20、21集

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【魔女训练营】攻克词汇第20、21集