9. 将以下段落翻译为中文(5分)the importance of carbanions in synthesis is exemplified by the grignard and wittig reactions. although they are among the most versatile and useful reactions in organic chemistry, carbanion-based reactions are generally known to be very sensitive towards air and water. the required deviation from ambient conditions along with the commonly used methods for their generation leads to several fundamental drawbacks when the principles of green chemistry are applied: (1) large volumes of anhydrous organic solvents are required which could potentially increase volatile organic emissions; (2) anhydrous conditions require excess drying agents which leads to unwanted waste; (3) anhydrous conditions also require the protection of functional groups such as hydroxy groups and carboxylic acids; (4) the requirement of inert gas atmosphere implies that the catalyst is prone to deactivation, which will increase the amounts of metal waste; (5) requirement of stoichiometric amounts of metals also leads to a large amount of metal waste; and (6) the general use of organic halides as the carbanion source will generate a stoichiometric amount of halide waste, as well as requiring multi-step synthesis of halides.