新编简明英语语言学教程 戴炜栋 复习笔记

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Chapter one  Introduction
   
     一、定义
1.语言学Linguistics
Linguistics is generally defined as the scientific study of language.
2.普通语言学General Linguistics
The study of language as a whole is often called General linguistics.
3.语言language
Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
语言是人类用来交际的任意性的有声符号体系。
4.识别特征Design Features   
It refers to the defining properties of human language that distinguish it from any animal system of communication.
     语言识别特征是指人类语言区别与其他任何动物的交际体系的限定性特征。
     Arbitrariness任意性
     Productivity多产性 （创造性）
     Duality双重性
     Displacement移位性
    Cultural transmission文化传递

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