趴趴兵营之同型词归类63

注：
活动内容：
a.填补一下相应单词的中文释义（有一词多义的其他词义也请给出），市场统一零售价5考元一个释义
b.每个单词下面的例句有兴趣有时间翻译的同学也可翻译一下方便他人，市场统一零售价10考元一个句子翻译
c.有任何想法烦请大家提出来，大家一起提高O(∩_∩)O
d.很多人反应说看不懂内容，其实这东西可能更多的就是每天复习几个单词，翻译几个句子，就这么简单……

本期词汇：
estimate • guess • judge • reckon • calculate • gauge • figure • extrapolate
These words all mean to form an idea of the cost, size, value, etc. of sth but without calculating it exactly.

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

► to estimate/​guess/​judge/​reckon/​calculate/​gauge/​extrapolate sth from sth
► to estimate/​reckon/​calculate sth at sth
► to estimate/​guess/​judge/​reckon/​calculate/​figure/​extrapolate that…
► to estimate/​guess/​judge/​figure/​calculate/​gauge how much/​how many/​how far, etc.
► to estimate/​guess/​judge/​reckon/​calculate/​gauge/​figure sth to be sth
► to estimate/​guess/​judge/​calculate/​gauge the amount/​value/​size/​distance
► to estimate/​guess/​calculate sb/​sth's age
► to estimate/​judge/​gauge the depth


estimate [ T , often passive ] ( rather formal )
to form an idea of the likely cost, size, value, etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly
The deal is estimated to be worth over a million pounds.

guess [ T ] to find the right answer to a question or the truth about sth without knowing all the facts
It's impossible to guess what they might have been feeling.


judge [ T ] to estimate the size, amount, etc. of sth without measuring it exactly
Young children are unable to judge the speed of traffic. NOTE estimate or judge?
Estimate is used especially to talk about things such as costs , which you would have to calculate to know exactly.
Judge is used more for things such as distances, depths and speeds , which you would have to measure to know exactly.
People often estimate future costs and lengths of time which cannot be calculated exactly, by thinking carefully about what is likely, given the information that they have. People often have to judge distances and speeds quickly, not by thinking carefully about all the available information, but by using their past experience as a guide.


reckon [ T , often passive ]
to estimate an amount or time approximately
The trip was reckoned to take over two days.
An amount or time that is reckoned may be more approximate than one that has been estimated .

calculate [ T ] to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the information available
It's impossible to calculate the extent of his influence on her.

gauge ( AmE also gage ) [ T ] ( rather formal ) to estimate the level or amount of sth approximately
It's always difficult to gauge how many people attend events like these.


figure [ T ] ( especially AmE , rather informal ) to estimate the amount, cost or age of sb/sth, especially approximately
If we can figure roughly how much it will cost, we can decide what to do. In American English figure can also be used to talk about calculating sth exactly.


extrapolate [ I , T ] ( formal ) to estimate sth or form an opinion about sth, using the facts that you have now and that are valid for one situation and supposing that they will be valid for the new one
Try not to extrapolate too much from your own experience.
►  extrapolation noun [ U , C ]: Their age can be determined by extrapolation from their growth rate.

estimate  
[ˈestimeit]
n. 1 估计, 估价 2 报价 3 判断
vt. & vi. 估计; 评价, 评估

guess  
[ɡes]
vt. & vi. 猜
vt. 1 猜对, 猜中 2 想, 以为
n. 猜测, 估计, 猜想

judge  
[dʒʌdʒ]
n. 1 法官 2 裁判员, 评判员 3 鉴定人, 鉴赏家
vt. & vi. 审判; 评判; 断定

reckon  
[ˈrekən]
vt. 1 猜想; 估计 2 〈非正〉思忖; 设想 3 考虑; 认为 4 〈正〉计算

calculate  
[ˈkælkjuleit]
vt. & vi. 1 计算, 估计 2 打算, 旨在

gauge  
[ɡeidʒ]
n. 1 厚度, 直径 2 测量仪表 3 规格, 尺度
vt. 1 计量, 度量 2 估计, 判断

figure
[ˈfiɡə]
n. 1 数字 2 图解, 图表; 装饰性的图案 3 人或动物的像, 画像, 肖像 4 轮廓, 人影, 身材, 体态, 风姿 5 算术, 计算
vi. 出现, 被提及
vt. 1 计算在内 2 估计, 有可能; 认为, 料想

extrapolate  
[ikˈstræpəleit]
vt. (由已知资料对未知事实或价值)推算, 推断
  

The deal is estimated to be worth over a million pounds.
该协议预计价值将超过1万英镑。

It's impossible to guess what they might have been feeling.
不可能猜出他们之前的感受。

Young children are unable to judge the speed of traffic.
小孩子无法判断车的速度。

The trip was reckoned to take over two days.
旅行已经进行了两天。

It's impossible to calculate the extent of his influence on her.
无法估计他对她的影响到了什么程度。

It's always difficult to gauge how many people attend events like these.
总是很难估计有多少人参加了这样的活动。

If we can figure roughly how much it will cost, we can decide what to do.
如果我们能大概估计出它值多少钱，我们就能决定怎么办了！

Try not to extrapolate too much from your own experience.
不要从你自己的切身体验推断太多东西。

estimate [ T , often passive ] ( rather formal )
估计，推断（经常用于过去时）（不正式）
to form an idea of the likely cost, size, value, etc. of sth, but without calculating it exactly
对事情的像成本、大小、价值等方面形成想法或主意，但不是精确的计算
The deal is estimated to be worth over a million pounds.
这单生意估计值100多万英镑
guess [ T ]
猜想，猜测
to find the right answer to a question or the truth about sth without knowing all the facts
对问题发现正确的答案或者关于事情的真相不知道所有的事实。
It's impossible to guess what they might have been feeling.
猜测他们之前可能的感受是不可能的。