aggressive
| 词义
| ① angry, and behaving in a threatening way; ready to attack 好斗的，挑衅性的 ［近hostile, warlike］
② behaving in a very determined and forceful way in order to succeed 有进取心的，雄心勃勃的 ［近ambitious］
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例句
| Now it is a social policy: the most important and aggressive promoter of gambling in America is the government. 现在赌博却成为一种社会政策：在美国，对赌博最重要、最积极的推动者就是政府。（2006阅读Part B）
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congress
| 词义
| ① a formal meeting of representatives of different groups, countries etc, to discuss ideas, give information etc 代表大会
② the group of people chosen or elected to make the laws in a country （美国或其他一些国家的）国会（立法机关）；议会
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例句
| ...Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures……国会就应当开始帮助制定保护措施（2005阅读Text 2）
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grade
| 词义
| ① the quality of a particular product or material (产品、材料等的)等级，品质
② a level of ability or rank that sb has in an organization（职务、工资等的）级别
③a particular year of school course in the American school system（美国学制）年级
④a mark given in an exam or for a piece of school work 成绩（等级），分数
⑤ to arrange people or things in groups according to their ability, quality, size etc分级，分等，分类 ［+sth/sb（by/according to sth），+sth（as sth），+sth+a.］
⑥ to give a mark to a student, an examination paper, or to a piece of their school work给……评分，给……分数 ［+sth，+sth/sb sth］
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例句
| The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language... 工人得到升迁、学生成绩提高和外国人学会了一门新的语言……(1995阅读Text 2)
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gradual
| 词义
| happening, developing or changing slowly over a long period of time逐渐的，逐步的，渐进的
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例句
| ... he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom”, for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.他认为“whom”一词的逐渐消失是自然的，并不比古英语中词格尾缀的消失更让人惋惜。（2005阅读Text 4）
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graduate
| 词义
| ① a person who has completed their school studies, esp. a university degree course 毕业生；(尤指完成学士学位课程的)大学毕业生［+in sth］
② to obtain a degree, esp. a first degree, from a college or university; to complete a course in education 获得（尤指学士）学位；（大学或中学）毕业 ［+in sth, +from...］
③ to give a degree or diploma to sb 授予(某人)学位或毕业文凭 ［+sb from sth］
④ to start doing sth more difficult or important than what you were doing before 逐渐进展、上升等 ［+from sth to sth］
⑤ studying or done for a masters or a doctorate degree after receiving the first degree 研究生的，攻读硕士（或博士）学位的
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ingredient
| 词义
| ① one of the things from which sth is made 成分，（尤指烹饪）原料
② a quality one needs to achieve sth （完成某事的）要素，因素
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例句
| ...which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a sustained boom现在投资者却把（它）看作持续繁荣必不可少的一个因素（2004阅读Text3）
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progress
| 词义
| ① the process of improving or developing, or of getting nearer to achieving or completing sth 进步，进展，进程 ［+of/on/towards sth］ ［近advance, gain, improvement］
② movement forwards or towards a place 前进，行进
③ to develop over a period of time and become sth better or more complete 进步，改进，进展 ［近advance, proceed］
④ to move forward or to go forward in time; to continue to happen or develop 行进；（时间上）推移；(活动等)继续进行或发展
⑤ to move on from doing one thing to doing another （从做一件事）转向（做另一件事） ［+to sth］
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例句
| ...there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress. ……不明真相的公众真的有可能扑灭医学进步的宝贵火种。（2003 Text 2）
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progressive
| 词义
| ① in favour of new ideas, modern methods, and change 进步的，先进的 ［近advanced］
② happening or developing steadily 稳步发展的，逐步的 ［近ongoing, increasing］
③ a person with modern ideas who wants to change things 进步人士，改革派
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segregate
| 词义
| ① to keep one thing separate from another （使）分开，隔开 ［+sth from sth］ ［近set apart］
② to separate one group of people from others, esp. because they are of a different race, sex or religion (尤指因种族、性别、宗教不同而)隔离 ［+sb from sb］ ［反integrate］
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upgrade
| 词义
| ① to improve the condition of sth in order to make it better提高（服务、设施等的）档次，升级 ［近enhance, elevate］
② to give a promotion to or assign to a higher position提升，提拔 ［+sb (to sth)］ ［近promote］
③ to give sb a better seat on a plane, room in a hotel etc 提高（飞机乘客、旅馆住客等的）待遇，优待 ［+sb (to sth)］
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undergraduate
| 词义
| a student who is doing a university course for a first degree（尚未取得学位的）本科生
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例句
| However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. 然而，只是在最近几年里它才成为加拿大大学本科专业的一个特色。（2007 翻译）
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diagram
| 词义
| a drawing or plan that shows exactly where sth is, what sth looks like or how sth works图解，图表，示意图
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graph
| 词义
| 图表，曲线图
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graphic
| 词义
| ①
connected with or including drawing, printing, or designing （尤指在生产书刊杂志中）绘画的，设计的，印刷的 (graphic design 平面设计)
② very clear and full of details, esp. about sth unpleasant （尤指描述令人不快的事物）形象的，逼真的
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photograph
| 词义
| ①（又作photo）照片，相片
② to take a photograph of sb/sth 拍照，照相
［+sb/sth，+sb/sth+a.，+sb/sth doing sth］
③ to look or not look attractive in photographs 上/不上相，上/不上镜
［+well/badly etc］
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programme/
program
| 词义
| ①an important plan, esp. one organized by a government or large organization （尤指政府或大型机构的）重大计划，方案
② (电视或广播的)节目；节目单，演出说明书；(演出、活动)程序
③
a set of planned activities in education or training, with a specific purpose (教育或训练安排好的)课程，大纲
④［也作program］ （计算机）程序，编码指令
⑤ to plan for sth to happen, esp. as part of a series of planned events 计划，安排 ［+sth for sth］
⑥
to make sb/sth behave or think in a particular way because of the influence of a society, group, or situation 使按某种方式行事或思考，训练 ［+sb/sth to do sth］
⑦ to set a machine to operate in a particular way 预调，设置（机器使之按某种方式运作） ［+sth to do sth, +sth］
⑧ (也作program) 为（计算机）编写程序 ［+sth to do sth, +(sth)］
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例句
| ...the federal government must support job training programs, raise the minimum wage,……联邦政府必须支持就业培训方案、提高最低工资 (2006 知识运用)
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telegraph
| 词义
| ① a method of sending message using radio or electrical signals 电报（通信方式）
②a piece of equipment that receives or sends messages in this way 电报机
③ to send a message by telegraph 发电报，用电报发送（电文）
④
to make it clear to people what you are going to do （常指无意中）流露（思想），暴露（动机）
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aggravate
| 词义
| ① to make a bad situation worse 使加重，使恶化 ［近worsen］
② to annoy sb, esp. deliberately （尤指故意地）惹恼，激怒 ［近irritate］
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grave
| 词义
| ①a place in the ground where a dead person is buried 坟墓，墓穴［近tomb］
② ［常用the ~］ death 死亡，去世
③ (of people) serious in manner, as if sth sad, important or worrying has just happened （人）严肃的；表情沉重的 ［近serious, severe, solemn］
④
very serious and worrying 严重的，令人担忧的［近significant, urgent］
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gravity
| 词义
| ① 重力，（地球）引力
② an extreme serious way of behaving, speaking etc（举止、言谈、表情等的）严肃，庄重［近solemnity］
③ extreme importance and a cause for worry（局势的）严重性 ［近seriousness］
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grief
| 词义
| ① extreme sadness, esp. when sb dies; sth that causes great sadness (尤指因人去世而产生的)极度悲伤；伤心事，不幸 ［+over/at sth］ ［近melancholy］
② problems and worry 担心，忧虑
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grieve
| 词义
| to feel extremely sad, esp. when sb has dead (尤指因某人的去世而)悲痛，伤心［+for/over sb/sth，+sth, it ~s sb that/to do sth］ ［近sorrow, mourn］
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