吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》配套题库【章节题库（含名校考研真题）＋模拟试题】

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目录                                                                                        封面
内容简介、编委
目录
第一部分　章节题库（含名校考研真题）
　第一章　殖民地时期的美国文学
　第二章　理性时代和革命时期文学
　第三章　浪漫主义文学
　第四章　现实主义文学
　第五章　20世纪美国文学
第二部分　模拟试题
　第一章　吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（一）
　第二章　吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（二）
                                                                                                                                                                                                    内容简介                                                                                            
　　我国各大院校一般都把国内外通用的权威教科书作为本科生和研究生学习专业课程的参考教材，这些教材甚至被很多考试（特别是硕士和博士入学考试）和培训项目作为指定参考书。为了帮助读者更好地学习专业课，我们有针对性地编著了一套与国内外教材配套的复习资料，并提供配套的名师讲堂、e书和题库。
　　《美国文学史及选读》（吴伟仁主编，外语教学与研究出版社）一直被用作高等院校英语专业英国文学教材，被许多院校指定为英语专业考研必读书和学术研究参考书。为了帮助读者更好地学习这套教材，我们精心编著了它的配套辅导用书（均提供免费下载，免费升级）：
　　1．吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》笔记和考研真题详解
　　2．吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》【教材精讲+考研真题解析】讲义与视频课程【30小时高清视频】
　　3．吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》配套题库【章节题库（含名校考研真题）＋模拟试题】
　　本书是吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》的配套题库，包括以下几个方面的内容：
　　第一部分是章节题库（含名校考研真题），严格按照吴伟仁《美国文学史及选读》的章目编排，共分为5章，精选与各章内容配套的习题进行详解，所选试题基本涵盖了每章的考点和难点并配有考研真题。
　　第二部分是模拟试题，根据各校历年考研真题的命题规律，精选教材中的重要考点，精心编写了两套模拟试题，并进行了详细的解答。
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内容预览
第一部分　章节题库（含名校考研真题）
第一章　殖民地时期的美国文学
填空题
1. Theterm “Puritan” was applied to those settlers who originally were devout membersof the Church of ______.
【答案】England查看答案
【解析】清教徒（Puritan），是指要求清除英国国教Church of England中天主教残余的改革派。其字词于16世纪60年代开始使用，源于拉丁文的Purus，意为“清洁”。
2. Themost enduring shaping influence in American thought and American literature was______.
【答案】American Puritanism查看答案
【解析】美国文化源于清教文化，由清教徒移民时传入北美。美国主流价值观都可以追溯到殖民地时期一统天下的清教主义，并且清教思想对美国文学有着根深蒂固的影响。
3. Hard work, thrift,piety and sobriety, these were the ______ values that dominated much of theearly American writing.
【答案】Puritan查看答案
【解析】清教主义，起源于英国，在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。清教徒强调艰苦奋斗、勤俭节约、虔诚和淡泊。这些价值观也影响了早期的美国文学。
4. Many Puritans wroteverse, but the works of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and ______, rose to thelevel of real poetry.
【答案】EdwardTaylor查看答案
【解析】美国殖民时期最著名的诗人是安·布莱德斯特和爱德华·泰勒。
5. TheTenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America is a collection of poems composed by______.
【答案】AnneBradstreet查看答案
【解析】安·布莱德斯特律是美国殖民时期著名的诗人。其代表作是诗集《最近在北美出现的第十位缪斯》（The Tenth Muse Late Sprung up inAmerica ）。
6. The Puritanphilosophy known as ______ was important in New England during colonial time,and had a profound influence on the early American mind for severalgenerations.
【答案】Puritanism查看答案
【解析】清教主义，起源于英国,在北美殖民地得以实践与发展。清教徒构成了当时北美移民的主体，在新英格兰北部更是清一色的清教徒。清教主义奠定了美国社会的基础，塑造了美国人的性格，从各个方面影响着美国社会。
7. Bradford used aword “______” to describe the community of believers who sailed fromSouthampton England, on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth, Massachusetts,in 1620.
【答案】Pilgrims查看答案
8. Bradford’s workconsists of two books. The first book deals with the persecutions of theSeparatists in Scrooby, England, the second book describes the signing of the“______ Compact”.
【答案】Mayflower查看答案
9. Many Puritans wroteverse, but the work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and Edward ______, rose tothe level of real poetry.
【答案】Taylor查看答案
10. Hard work, thrift,piety and sobriety, these were the ______ values that dominated much of theearly American writing.
【答案】Puritan查看答案
11.Before his death, Jonathan ______ had gained a position as America’s firstsystematic philosopher.
【答案】Edwards查看答案
12. Among the membersof the small band of Jamestown settlers was ______, an English soldier offortune, whose reports of exploration, published in the early 1600s, have beendescribed as the first distinct American literature written in English.
【答案】Captain John Smith查看答案
【解析】约翰·史密斯上校（1580.1-1631.6.21）因在北美弗吉尼亚州建立了英国第一个永久殖民地詹姆斯敦而扬名天下。他的《关于弗吉尼亚的真实叙述》（A True Relation of Virginia）则是美国文学的“第一书”，其实也是整个美国历史的“第一书”。
13.______ College was established in 1636, with a printing press set up nearly in1639.
【答案】Harvard查看答案
【解析】1636年100多名曾在牛津和剑桥大学受过古典式的高等教育的清教徒，在马萨诸塞州的查尔斯河畔建立了美国历史上第一所学府——哈佛学院。
14．______ was a famous explorer and colonist. He established Jamestown.
【答案】Captain John Smith查看答案
【解析】约翰·史密斯上校（1580.1-1631.6.21），新英格兰的舰队司令，是英国军人，探险家和作家。他因在北美弗吉尼亚州建立了英国第一个永久殖民地詹姆斯敦而扬名天下。
15. The General History of Virginia containsSmith's most famous tale of how the Indian princess named ______ saved him fromthe wrath of her father.
【答案】Pocahontas查看答案
【解析】约翰·史密斯在《弗吉尼亚通史》中讲述了他与印第安公主波卡虹塔斯（Pocahontas）之间的故事。公元1608年史密斯与当地印第安部落的一位叫波瓦坦的酋长谈判，这位酋长年轻的女儿波卡虹塔斯挽救了史密斯船长的性命。
16. William Bradfordhimself used a word “______” to describe the community of believers who sailedfrom Southampton, England, on the Mayflower and settled in Plymouth,Massachusetts in 1620.
【答案】Pilgrims查看答案
【解析】威廉姆·布拉德福德是普利茅斯的首任总督。1620年他率领100多名英国移民乘坐“五月花号”大帆船到达北美的普利茅斯。他把其率领的信徒称为朝圣者（pilgrims）
17. In1620, ______ was elected Governor of Plymouth, Massachusetts.
【答案】William Bradford查看答案
【解析】1620年威廉姆·布拉德福德被推选为马萨诸塞普利茅斯的首任总督。
18. The History of New England is apriceless gift left us by ______.
【答案】John Winthrop查看答案
【解析】约翰·温思罗普（John Winthrop） （1588-1649）, 美国殖民地领导人,马萨诸塞湾清教徒总督。他著名的作品是《新英格兰史》（The History of New England）
选择题
1. AmericanColonial literature is longer than any other literary period, which startedwhen the first settlers kept diaries and sermons and developed till ______.（北二外2010研）
A. the mid of 18th C
B. early 17th C
C. the end of 17th C
D. the end of 18th C
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】美国殖民时期文学历经两个世纪，从17世纪初到18世纪末。
2. Early in ______,the English settlements in Virginia and Massachusetts started the main streamof the American national history.（北二外2007研）
A. 14th century  
B. 15th century　
C. 17th century  
D. 16th century
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】17世纪初，英国人在弗吉尼亚和马萨诸塞定居，这也是美国历史的开端。
3. Thefirst permanent English settlement in North America was established at ______ （北二外2009研）
A. Jamestown
B. New York
C. Boston　
D. Concord
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】詹姆斯敦是英国人在北美的第一个永久定居地。
4. The first settlerswho became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite a few of them______.（北二外2008研）
A. Quakers.
B. Anglicans
C. Catholics
D. Puritans.
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】早期来到北美的殖民者有不少是清教徒，因而殖民时期的文学深受清教思想影响。
5. It isa critical commonplace now that American literature is based on a myth, thatis, ______.（北二外2008研）
A. the ancient Greek myth of Zeus
B. the British myth of the Saint Grail
C. the Biblical myth of the Garden of Eden
D. the legend of the Sleepy Hollow
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】由于深受清教主义的影响，美国文学——至少是美国的白人文学——是建立在《圣经》伊甸园神话基础上的文学。
6. Thecommon thread throughout American literature has been the emphasis on the______.
A. Revolutionism
B. Reason
C. Individualism
D. Rationalism
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】美国价值观的核心是个人主义，因而，个人主义也成为贯穿美国文学史的主线。
7. The ship “_____”carried about one hundred Pilgrims and took 66 days to beat its way across theAtlantic. In December of 1620, it put the Pilgrims ashore at Plymouth,Massachusetts.
A. Sunflower　
B. Armada
C. Mayflower　
D. Titanic
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】1920年100多名清教徒前辈乘坐“五月花”号船到达美国马萨诸塞州的普利茅斯。
8. What style did theseventeenth century American poets adapt to the subject matter confronted in astrangely new environment?
A. The style of their own.
B. The style mixed with English and Americanelements.
C. The style mixed with native-American andBritish tradition.
D. The style of established European poets.
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】17世纪美国诗人大多沿袭英国诗歌的风格。
9. Anne Bradstreet wasa Puritan poet. Her poems made such a stir in England that she became known asthe ______ who appeared in America.
A. Ninth Muse
B. Tenth Muse
C. Best Muse
D. First Muse
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】安·布拉德斯特里特被誉为“美国出现的第十个缪斯”。
10.______ was a civil covenant designed to allow the temporal state to serve thegodly citizen.
A. The early history of PlymouthColony
B. The Magnalia Christi America
C. Mayflower Compact
D. Freedom of the Will
【答案】C查看答案
11. In 1620 a number of Puritans came to settle in______.
A. Virginia　
B. Georgia
C. Maryland
D. Massachusetts
【答案】D查看答案
12. In the early 19thcentury American moral values were essentially Puritan. Nothing has left adeeper imprint on the character of the people as a whole than did ______.
A. Puritanism
B. Romanticism
C. Rationalism　
D. Sentimentalism
【答案】A查看答案
13. Early in theseventeenth century, the English settlements in ______ began the main stream ofwhat we recognize as the American national history.
A. Virginia and Pennsylvania
B. Massachusetts and New York
C. Virginia and Massachusetts
D. New York and Pennsylvania
【答案】C查看答案
14. Thefirst writings that we call American were the narratives and ______ of theearly settlements.
A. journals
B. poetry
C. drama
D. folklores
【答案】A查看答案
15. Among the earliestsettlers in North America were Frenchmen who settled in the Northern Coloniesand along the ______ River.
A. St. Louis　
B. St. Lawrence
C. Mississippi
D. Hudson
【答案】B查看答案
16. Whose reports ofexploration, published in the early 1600s, have been regarded as the firstdistinct American literature written in English?
A. John Winthrop’s
B. John Smith’s
C. William Bradford’s　
D. Christopher Columbus’s
【答案】B查看答案
17. Somewhere in themiddle of the Atlantic Ocean ______ delivered his sermon A Model ofChristian Charity. It became his important work.
A. John Winthrop　
B. Michael Wigglesworth
C. William Bradford
D. Thomas Hooker
【答案】A查看答案
18. Whoamong the following translated the Bible into the Indian tongue?
A. Roger Williams
B. John Eliot
C. Cotton Mather
D. John Smith
【答案】A查看答案
19. The best ofPuritan poets was ______, whose complete edition of poems appeared in 1960,more than two hundred years after his death.
A. Anne Bradstreet
B. Michael Wigglesworth
C. Thomas Hooker
D. Edward Taylor
【答案】D查看答案
20.English literature in America is only about more than ______ years old.
A. 500
B. 600
C. 200
D. 100
【答案】C查看答案
21. Theearly history of ______ Colony was the history of Bradford’s leadership.
A. Plymouth
B. Jamestown
C. New England
D. Mayflower
【答案】A查看答案
22. Theestablisher of Jamestown was the famous explorer and colonist ______.
A. John Winthrop
B. John Smith
C. William Bradford
D. John Goodwin
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】约翰·史密斯上校（1580.1-1631.6.21）新英格兰的舰队司令，是英国军人，探险家和作家。其因在北美弗吉尼亚州建立了英国第一个永久殖民地詹姆斯敦而扬名天下。
术语解释
1.Protestants（天津外国语2007研）
Key: Protestants refer to thosepeople who believe in Protestantism. Protestantism is one of the four majordivisions within Christianity. It is most closely tied to those groups thatseparated from the Roman Catholic Church in the 16th century ProtestantReformation. Protestant doctrine was also known in continental Europeantraditions as Evangelical doctrine. It typically holds that Scripture is thesource of revealed truth.
2.American Puritanism（南开大学2008研；厦门大学 2011 研）
Key: The word Puritanism is originally used torefer to the theology advocated by a party within the Church of England. Theterm Puritanism is also used in a broader sense to refer to the attitudes andvalues considered characteristic of the Puritans. It has been employed todenote a rigid moralism, or the condemnation of innocent pleasure, or religiousnarrowness adhered by the early New England Puritans. The American Puritanismas a cultural heritage exerted great influence over American moral values. Andthis Puritan influence over American Romanticism was conspicuously noticeable.In addition, a preoccupation with the Calvinistic view of original sin and themystery of evil marked the works by such famous writers as Hawthorne and Melville.
3.Literary Journals:
Key:
①A journal is an individual’sday-by-day account of events. It provides valuable details that can be suppliedonly by a participant or an eyewitness. As a record of personal relations, a journal reveals much about the writer.
②While offering insights into thelife of the writer, a journal is not necessarily a reliable record of facts.The writer’s impressions may color the telling of events, particularly when heor she is a participant. Journals written for publication rather than privateuse are even less likely to be objective. The European encounters with andconquest of the Americas are recorded in the journals of the explorers.
作品分析题
1.
I heard the merry grasshopper then sing,
The black-clad cricket bear a second part;
They kept one tune and played on the samestring.
Seeming to glory in their little art.
Small creatures abject thus their voicesraise,
And in their kind resound their Maker’spraise,
Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higherlays?
Questions:
（1） This is the ninth of the “Contemplations”written by an early American woman writer. What is her name?
（2） Make a brief comment on this short poem.
Key:
（1） Anne Bradstreet.
（2） This short poem offers the reader an insightinto the mentality of the early Puritan pioneering into a new world. When thepoet, heard the grasshopper and the cricket sing, she thought of this as theirpraising their reator and searched her own soul accordingly. It is evident thatshe saw something metaphysical inhering in the physical, a mode of perceptionwhich was singularly Puritan.
2.
Huswifery
Make me, O Lord, thy spinning wheel complete.
Thy holy word my distaff make for me.
Make mine affections thy swift flyers neat,
And make my soul thy holy spool to be.
My conversation make to be thy reel, andreel,
the yam thereon spun of thy wheel.
Questions:
（1） Identify the poet of this poem.
（2） Make a brief comment on this poem.
Key:
（1） Edward Taylor.
（2） The poem indicates that the poet sawreligious significance in a simple daily incident like a housewife spinning.The spinning wheel, the distaff, the flyers, the spool, the reel and the yarnhave all acquired a metaphorical significance in the symbolic, Puritan eyes ofEdward Taylor.
3.Identify the poem.
I heard the merry grasshopper then sing,
The black-clad cricket bear a second part,
They kept one tune, and played on the samestring,
Seeming to glory in their little art.
Shall creatures abject thus their voicesraise?
And in their kind resound their maker’spraise,
Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higherlays?
“Under the cooling shadow of a stately Elm,
Close state I by a goodly River’s side,
Where gliding streams the Rocks didoverwhelm;
A lonely place with pleasures dignifi’d,
I once that lov’ d the shady woods so well,
Now thought the rivers did the trees excel,
And if the sun would ever shine there would Idwell.”
“While musing thus with contemplation fed,
And thousand fancies buzzing in my brain,
The sweet tongu’ d Philomel percht o’ er myhead,
And chanted forth a most melodious strain,
Which rapt me so with wonder and delight,
I judg’ d my hearing better than my sight,
And wisht me wings with her awhile to take myflight.”
Questions:
（1） This is taken from the Contemplations written by an early American woman writer. What isher name?
（2） Make a brief comment on this short poem.
Key:
（1） Anne Bradstreet.
（2） These stanzas, written by Anne Bradstreet, istaken from her best known and most attractive poem, Contemplations. Thisshort poem offers the reader an insight into the mentality of the early Puritanpioneering in a new world. When she, the poet, heard the grasshopper and thecricket sing, she thought of this as their praising their creator and searchedher own soul accordingly. It is evident that she saw something metaphysicalinhering in the physical, a mode of perception which was singularly Puritan.
4.
I heard the merry grasshopper then sing,
The black-clad cricket bear a second part;
They kept one tune and played on the samestring.
Seeming to glory in their little art.
Small creatures abject thus their voicesraise,
And in their kind resound their Maker'spraise,
Whilst I, as mute, can warble forth no higherlays?
Questions:
（1） This is the ninth of the “Contemplations”written by an early American woman writer. What is her name?
（2） Make a brief comment on this short poem.
Key:
（1） Anne Bradstreet.
（2） This short poem offers the reader an insightinto the mentality of the early Puritan pioneering in a new world. When thepoet, heard the grasshopper and the cricket sing, she thought of this as theirpraising their creator and searched her own soul accordingly. It is evidentthat she saw something metaphysical inhering in the physical, a mode ofperception which was singularly Puritan.
简答题
1. Whowas Anne Bradstreet? What were her literary achievements?
Key: Anne Bradstreet （1612～1672） is one of the most important figures in thehistory of American Literature. She is considered by many to be the firstAmerican poet, and her first collection of poems, The Tenth Muse LatelySprung Up in America, By a Gentlewoman of Those Parts, was the first bookwritten by a woman to be published in the United States. Mrs. Bradstreet’s worksalso serves as a document of the struggles of a Puritan wife against thehardships of New England colonial life.
2. Whatare the basic Calvinist tenets? （国际关系学院2007研）
Key: Calvinist theology is sometimes identifiedwith the five points of Calvinism, also called the doctrines of grace. InEnglish, The five points are sometimes referred to by the acronym TULIP, whichmeans Total Inherited Depravity, Unconditional Election, Limited Atonement,Irresistible Grace and Perseverance of the Saints England colonial life.
论述题
1. Whatis the significance of American Puritanism in American literature?
Key: The settlement of the North Americancontinent by the English began in the early part of the 17th century. The firstsettlers who became the founding fathers of the American nation were quite afew of the Puritans. They carried with them to America a code of values whichbecame what is now popularly known as American Puritanism. It was one of themost enduring shaping influences in American literature. To some extent, it hasbecome a state of mind, a part of national cultural atmosphere that theAmericans breathe.
The American Puritanswere idealists, believing that the Church should be restored to the “Purity”and religion was a matter of primary importance. They accepted the doctrine ofpredestination, original sin, total depravity and limited atonement. It hasbeen a critical commonplace that the American literature—or Anglo-Americanliterature—is based on a myth, that is, the Biblical myth of the Garden ofEden. Fired with such a sense of mission, the Puritans looked at even the worstof life in the face with a tremendous amount of optimism. All this went, in duetime, into the making of American literature. The spirits of optimism burst outof the pages of so many American authors, such as, Emerson, Whitman, etc.
Furthermore, theAmerican Puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chiefly instrumental in calling intobeing a literary symbolism which is distinctly American. Puritan doctrine andliterary practice contributed greatly to the development of an indigenoussymbolism. The ever symbolizing process became, in time, part of theintellectual tradition. To Hawthorne, Melville, Howells and many others,symbolism as a technique has become a common practice. This peculiar mode ofperception was an essential part of their upbringing.
With regard totechnique, simplicity characterizes the Puritan style of writing. The style isfresh, simple and direct; the rhetoric is plain and honest, without a touch ofnobility often traceable to the direct influence of the Bible. All this has left an indelible imprint on American writing.Thus American Puritanism has been, by and large, a healthy legacy to theAmericans.
2. Do youagree that in colonial America there was no poetry at all? Give your reason.
Key:①Thestrenuous life of the pioneer left little time for cultivating any of the arts,and the spirit of New England was too serious and too stern to permitindulgence in what was merely pleasant or beautiful. Even after the firstcritical years of danger and struggle were past, the intellectual life of thepeople was bounded by the narrow limits of religious discussion and theologicaldebate. That the Puritan was not without imagination, however, is abundantlyproved by the forceful figures and impassioned rhetoric of the prose writerswho did only occasionally slip into rhyme. Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor aresuch examples.
②Anne Bradstreet was a Puritan whowrote ponderous verses of interminable, inter-locking poems. Her poems madesuch a stir in England that she became known as the “tenth Muse” who appearedin America. Her famous “Contemplation” offers the reader an insight into thementality of the early Puritan pioneering in a new world.
③Edward Taylor was a meditationpoet. In his splendid, exotic images, Taylor came nearest to the Englishbaroque poets. He was, first and last, a Puritan poet, concerned about how hisimages　 speak for God. He hasfaith in God who can save the erring, or possibly sinful, humankind from theevil designs of Hell.

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