趴趴兵营之同型词归类32（4）

注：
活动内容：
a.填补一下相应单词的中文释义（有一词多义的其他词义也请给出），市场统一零售价5考元一个释义
b.每个单词下面的例句有兴趣有时间翻译的同学也可翻译一下方便他人，市场统一零售价10考元一个句子翻译
c.有任何想法烦请大家提出来，大家一起提高O(∩_∩)O
d.很多人反应说看不懂内容，其实这东西可能更多的就是每天复习几个单词，翻译几个句子，就这么简单……

  本期词汇：
break  •  withdraw  •  do a U-turn  • retract  • recant  •  take sth back  •  backtrack •  go back on sth
These words all mean to change an earlier statement, opinion or promise.

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS
►  to break/​withdraw/​go back on a  promise
►  to break/​go back on  your word/​an agreement
►  to withdraw/​rectract a/​an  claim/​allegation/​confession

break [ T ]  
to not keep a promise or agreement
Perhaps it is more courageous to  break  a promise if it means saving the economy.
  OPP   keep

withdraw [ T ] ( formal )  
to say that you no longer believe that sth you previously said is true
The newspaper withdrew the allegations the next day.

do a  U-turn  ( informal ,  especially journalism )  
to make a complete change in policy or behaviour, usually one that is embarrassing
The Prime Minister may be forced to do another humiliating U-turn on Europe.
  Do a U-turn  is most often found in contexts relating to politics and business. Because  doing a U-turn  is seen as being an embarrassing experience, it usually used with verbs such as  have to  and  be forced to .

retract [ T ] ( formal )  
to say that sth you said earlier is not true or correct or that you did not mean it
He made a false confession which he later retracted.
NOTE   withdraw  or  retract?   
In many cases you can use either word:  to withdraw/retract a claim/an allegation/a confession .
However,  retract  is used more often when sb has been forced to say sth (like a  false confession ) that they did not really mean and wish to give their true opinion;  
withdraw  is used more often when sb has made a claim or accusation against sb that they cannot prove, and is forced to admit that it is not true.

recant [ T ,  I ] ( formal )  
(especially in the past) to say publicly that you no longer have the same belief or opinion
In 1633 he was forced to recant his assertion that the earth orbited the sun.

take sth  back  phrasal verb ( rather informal ,  especially spoken )  
to admit that sth you said was wrong or that you should not have said it
OK, I take it all back!
  Take sth back  is most often used in spoken expressions such as  Would you like to take that back?  (said to sb who has just offended the speaker),  Can I take that back?  or  I take it (all) back .

backtrack [ I ] ( especially business   or   politics )  
to change an earlier statement, opinion or promise because of pressure from sb/sth
The trade unions have had to  backtrack on  their main demand.

go  back on sth  phrasal verb ( rather informal )  
to fail to keep a promise; to change your mind about sth
They have no intention of going back on any of their commitments.

[ 本帖最后由 sudapapa 于 2010-4-17 18:48 编辑 ]

break  
vt. & vi. 打破, 折断, 弄坏
vt. 1 破坏, 违反 2 终止, 中断 3 透露, 说出 4 打破(纪录)
vi. 破晓, 突然出现
n. 1 裂口, 裂缝; 破裂 2 间歇, 中间休息
  withdraw  
vt. & vi. 1 取[收]回 2 (使)撤退[出]
retract  
vt. & vi. 1 撤回或撤消 2 拒绝执行或遵守 3 缩回, 拉回
recant
vt. & vi  1放弃2撤回3取消4公开认错5改变
acktrack
1返回2撤退3放弃4退走5反退

take sth back phrasal verb ( rather informal , especially spoken )
收回某事、言语，动词短语（不正式，特别是在口语中）
to admit that sth you said was wrong or that you should not have said it
承认你说的某事是错的或者你不应该说的
OK, I take it all back!
好啦，我收回所有我说的话。
Take sth back is most often used in spoken expressions such as Would you like to take that back? (said to sb who has just offended the speaker), Can I take that back? or I take it (all) back .
take sth back经常用于口头表达中，例如“你愿意收回你所说的吗？”（对某人说的话已经触犯了说话者)，我可以收回那些话吗？或者我收回（所有）我说的话。
backtrack [ I ] ( especially business or politics )
返回，撤退，放弃（特别是商业或政治）
to change an earlier statement, opinion or promise because of pressure from sb/sth
由于来自某人/某事的压力，改变一个较早的陈述、意见或承诺。
The trade unions have had to backtrack on their main demand.
贸易联盟已经放弃了他们的主要需求。