北京第二外国语学院261二外英语历年真题及详解

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内容简介
目录
2013年北京第二外国语学院261二外英语真题及详解
2012年北京第二外国语学院261二外英语真题及详解
2011年北京第二外国语学院261二外英语真题及答案
2010年北京第二外国语学院261二外英语真题及详解
2009年北京第二外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解
2008年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及答案
2007年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及详解
2006年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及详解
2005年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及答案
2004年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及答案
2003年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及答案
2002年北京第二外国语学院二外英语真题及答案
　　说明：北京第二外国语学院“二外英语”考试科目代号经常变，如2013年考试科目代号为261，2009年考试科目代号为211。虽然考试科目代号发生改变，但考题风格、难度等没变。因此考生一定要多加重视历年考研真题。
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　　考研真题是每个考生复习备考必不可少的资料，而拥有一份权威、正确的参考答案尤为重要，通过研究历年真题能洞悉考试出题难度和题型，了解常考章节与重要考点，能有效指明复习方向。
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2013年北京第二外国语学院261二外英语真题及详解
I. Cloze (15 points / 1 pointeach)
Directions: There are 15 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are fourchoices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best fits into thepassage and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Today,the Tower of London is one of the most populartourist　1 and attracts over three million visitorsa year. It was occasionally used as a Royal Palace for the Kings and Queens of England　2 the time of James I who 　3 from 1603 to 1625,but is 　4 known as a prison mad execution place.Within the walls of the Tower, princes have been murdered, traitors 　5 , spies shot, and Queens of Englandbeheaded. One of the most famous executions was that of Anne Boleyn in 1536.She was the second wife of Henry VIII. He wanted to get rid of her because shecould not give him a son, so he accused her 　6 adultery. She was tried and found guilty.She asked to be beheaded with a sward.7 the usual axe, which can still be seen inthe Tower. The sward and executioner were 　8 over specially from France and with one 　9 the executioner cut off her head.
TheTower was also the 　10 of one of London’s most famous mysteries. King EdwardIV died in 1483. His elder son, Edward, became king 　11 his father’s death. Young Edward lived inthe Tower, and the Duke of Gloucester,12 protector, persuaded Edward’s brother,Richard, to come and live there so that they could play together. But then theDuke 　13 that he was the new king, and he wascrowned instead of the twelve-year-old Edward, 14himself Richard III.
Afterthat, the boys were seen less and less and eventually disappeared. It is saidthat they were suffocated in bed by pillows being pressed over their mouths. Itis believed that Richard ordered their deaths, 　15 it has never been proved.
1. A. seats B.scenes　 C.grounds　 D.sights
2. A. until B.by　 C.to D.at
3. A. reined　 B.reigned C.powered　 D.controlled
4. A. hardly　 B.little C.best D.well
5. A. ruined　 B.destroyed C.tortured　 D.wounded
6. A. to B.of　 C.in D.by
7. A. apart from 　 B.besides C.together with 　 D.rather than
8. A. brought B.taken　 C.got　 D.won
9. A. knock　 B.hit　 C.shot D.stroke
10. A. spot　 B.scene　 C.place　 D.view
11. A. on　 B.at C.with D.by
12. A. their　 B.the　 C.his　 D.a
13. A. announced  B.published C.advertised 　 D.revealed
14. A. naming　 B.calling C.declaring D.giving
15. A. so that B.since　 C.as D.although
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25points / 1 point each)
Directions: There are 25 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
1. I am determined that my son ______ have abetter start than I did.
A.can
B.shall
C.must
D.will
2. Scarcely had theysettled themselves in their seats in the theatre ______ the curtainwent up.
A.then
B.before
C.when
D.than
3. ______ an answer, they decidedto send an express telegraph to them.
A.Received not
B.Having received not
C.Not received
D.Not having received
4. Smoking is so harmfulto a person’s health that it kills______ people each year than auto accidents.
A.seven more times
B.seven times more
C.over seven times
D.seven times
5. So roughly ______ that shewas determined to break away from the family.
A.did she treat
B.treated her
C.she was treated
D.was she treated
6. In 1948, Harry Trumanwas re-elected ______ president of the U. S. to the surprise of all thosewho_______.
A.a, predicted
B.the, had predicted
C./, had predicted
D./, predicted
7. He didn’t dare to doit, ______?
A.did he
B.didn’t he
C.dare he
D.daren’t he
8. Bacon and eggs ______common Sunday breakfast in England.
A.is an
B.are the
C.is a
D.are
9. Here are some booksby Agatha Christie. You can read ______.
A.whichever one
B.whose
C.whatever one
D.what
10. They climbed to thetop of the hill ______ they could have a bird’s-eye view of the city.
A.for fear that
B.in order that
C.in case
D.as a result
11. You’d better ______the dispute.
A.to leave them settling
B.to leave them to settle
C.leave them settling
D.leave them to settle
12. Much ______ I admirehim as a singer, I do not like him as a man.
A.until
B.than
C.however
D.as
13. I won’t see you offat the airport tomorrow, so I wish you ______.
A.have a good journey now
B.a good journey now
C.would have a good journey now
D.to have a good journey now
14.We did have a meeting yesterday, but you ______, so we did not inform you.
A.did not need attending
B.needn’t attending
C.did not need to attend
D.needn’t attend
15. In the lecture ______he will tell us something about modem English usage.
A.following
B.followed
C.to follow
D.being followed
16. The members in thetesting team were quite ______ and could change their schedule uponrequest.
A.lenient
B.supple
C.flexible
D.gentle
17. Marge’s room was in a______, with books and papers covering every possible surface.
A.litter
B.mess
C.rubbish
D.disorder
18. Burton said hecould not swim until the ______ came in because the sea was too farout.
A.current
B.tide
C.water
D.flood
19. Sylvia was in lowspirits because her throat infection left her very ______ and madeher solo at the party impossible.
A.dumb
B.hoarse
C.silent
D.speechless
20. It’s not far to thevillage if we take the short ______ through the jungle.
A.pass
B.corner
C.turning
D.cut
21. It is ______ whether Sam will cometo attend his best friend’s funeral as he has taken the town’s moneyand made off with it.
A.unlikely
B.doubtful
C.improbable
D.unexpected
22. The majority of tinnedfood is ______ in vitamins.
A.devoid
B.missing
C.lost
D.deficient
23. The painting was not______, so it was completely worthless.
A.genuine
B.valuable
C.true
D.actual
24. When Jim was tidying up his drawer, he ______ his mother’s prize possession--the tri-colored glazed miniatureterra-cotta warrior.
A.came around
B.came across
C.came over
D.came into
25. The two scholarsworked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for threehours ______ last nights.
A.at length
B.on end
C.in full
D.in time
III. Reading Comprehension (35points)
Section A (20 points / 1 pointeach)
Directions: For passages 1 to 4, each passage is followed by some questions or unfinishedstatements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. and D.Decide on the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet.
Passage 1
Questions 1 to 5 are based on thefollowing passage.
The New York Times is a daily newspaperpublished in New York City. For a long time it hasbeen the newspaper of record in the United States andone of the world’s great newspaper. Its strength is in its editorialexcellence; it has never been the largest newspaper in terms of circulation.
The Times was established in 1851 as a penny paper whose editors wanted to reportthe news in a restrained and objective fashion. It enjoyed early success as itseditors set a pattern for the future by appealing to a cultured, intellectualreadership instead of a mass audience. However, in the late nineteenth century,it came into competition with more popular, colorful, if not lurid, newspapers,the Times was losing $1,000 a week when Adolph Simon Ochs bought itin 1896.
Ochsbuilt the Times into aninternationally respected daily. He hired Carr Van Anda as editor. Van Andaplaced greater stress than ever on full reporting of the news of the day, andhis reporters maintained and emphasized existing good coverage of internationalnews. The management of the paper decided to eliminate fiction from the paper,added a Sunday magazine section, and reduced thepaper’s price back to a penny. In April 1912, the paper took many risks toreport every aspect of the sinking of the Titanic.This greatly enhanced its prestige, and in its coverage of two world wars, the Times continued to enhance itsreputation for excellence in world news.
In1971, the Times was given a copy ofthe so-called “Pentagon Papers”, a secret government study of U. S. involvement in the VietnamWar. When it published the report, it became involved in several lawsuits. TheU. S. Supreme Court found that the publication was protected by the freedom-of-the-pressclause in the First Amendment of the U. S. Constitution. Later in the 1970s,the paper under Adolph Ochs’s grandson, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, introducedsweeping changes in the organization of the newspaper and its staff and broughtout a national edition transmitted by satellite to regional printing plants.
1.What is the main idea of the passage?
A.The New York Times publishes the bestfiction by American writers.
B.The New York Times became highlyrespected throughout the world.
C.The New York Times broadcasts itsnews to TV stations via satellite.
D.The New York Times lost its prestigeafter the Vietnam War.
2. From the passage, it can be inferred thatthe circulation of the Times ______.
A.is not the largest in the world
B.is not the best in the world
C.is the smallest in the world
D.is the worst in the world
3. To improve its circulation, the managementof the Times did all of the followingEXCEPT ______.
A.emphasized good coverage of international news
B.added a Sunday magazine section
C.increased the number of lurid stories, even if they were not true
D.eliminated fiction from the paper
4. The passage implies that the newspaper’sreputation ______.
A.decreased when it lowered its price to a penny
B.increased because of its coverage of the Titanic’s sinking
C.grew because Adolph Ochs bought it in 1896
D.decreased because it could not compete with other New York papers
5. According to the passage, the Times had a national edition thatwas ______.
A.protected by the Supreme Court
B.printed in the form f a Sunday magazine
C.shipped by train and air transport daily
D.transmitted by satellite to regional printing plants
Passage 2
Questions 6 to 10 are based on thefollowing passage.
Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and rewards againstdangers and stress; its motivating force is, in the broadest sense, money.Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition is stressful; itis often at its most intense in the largest cities, where opportunities aregreatest. The presence of large numbers of people inevitably involves moreconflict, more traveling, the overloading of public services and exposure tothose deviants and criminals who are drawn to the rich pickings of greatcities. Crime has always flourished in the relative anonymity of urban life.But today’s ease of movement makes its control more difficult than ever; thereis much evidence that its extent has a direct relationship to the size ofcommunities. City dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the fear ofcrime around them.
Asa defense against these developments, city dwellers tend to use variousstrategies to try and reduce the pressures upon themselves: contacts with otherpeople are generally made brief and impersonal; doors are kept locked;telephone numbers may be ex-directory; journeys outside the home are usuallyhurried, rather than a source of pleasure. There are other strategies too,which are positively harmful to the individual; for example, reducing awarenessthrough drugs or alcohol. Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behaviourare harmful to society in general; they cause widespread loneliness and destroythe community’s concern for its members. Lack of informal social contact andindifference to the misfortunes of others, if they are not personally known tooneself, are amongst the major causes of urban crime.
6. According to the author, living in a citycauses stress because there are so many people who are ______.
A.anxious to succeed
B.in need of help
C.naturally aggressive
D.likely to commit crime
7. The author thinks that crime is increasingin cities because ______.
A.people do not communicate with their neighbors
B.criminals are difficult to trace in large population
C.people feel anonymous there
D.the trappings of success are attractive to criminals
8. According to the article, what is theworst problem facing people living in the cities’?
A.crime.
B.finding somewhere to live.
C.loneliness.
D.drug-taking and alcoholism.
9. The biggest incentive to live in a city is______.
A.rewards
B.stress
C.competition
D.money
10. According to the author, crime is causedby several factors, one of which is ______.
A.social isolation
B.defensive behaviour
C.hurried journeys
D.personal misfortune
Passage 3
Questions 11 to 15 are based onthe following passage.
Inthe United Statesit is not customary to telephone someone very early in the morning. If youtelephone him early in the day, while he is shaving or having breakfast, thetime of the call shows that the matter is very important and requires immediateattention. The same meaning is attached to telephone calls made after11:00 p.m.If someone receives a call during sleeping hours, he assumes it is a matter oflife or death. The time chosen for the call communicates its importance.
Insocial life, time plays a very important part. In the United States,guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to a dinnerparty is extended only three or four days before the party date. But this isnot true in all countries. In other areas of the world, it may be consideredfoolish to make an appointment too far in advance because plans which are madefor a date more than a week away tend to be forgotten.
Themeanings of time differ in different parts of the world. Thus, themisunderstandings arise between people from cultures that treat timedifferently. Promptness is valued highly in American life. For example, ifpeople are not prompt, they may be regarded as impolite or not fullyresponsible. In the U. S.no one would think of keeping a business associate waiting for an hour, and itwould be too impolite. When equals meet, a person who is five minutes late isexpected to make a short apology. If he is less than five minutes late, he willsay a few words of explanation, though perhaps he will not complete thesentence. To Americans, forty minutes of waiting is the beginning of the“insult period”. No matter what is said in an apology, there is little that canremove the damage done by an hour’s wait. Yet in some other countries, a fortyminute waiting period was not unusual. Instead of being the very end of theallowable waiting scale, it was just the beginning.
Sincetime has different meanings in different cultures, communication is often difficult.We will understand each other a little better if we can keep this in mind.
11.The word “customary” in Para. 1 is closest in meaning to ______.
A.usual
B.virtual
C.practical
D.imaginary
12.In terms of promptness Americans ______.
A.wait longer than in other countries
B.apologize for being late for 40 minutes
C.are more polite than people in other countries
D.give an explanation for being a little bit late
13. When Americans send an invitation theyoften send it ______.
A.3 or 4 days in advance
B.a week in advance
C.1 day in advance
D.more than 10 days in advance
14. It can be inferred from the passage thatin some countries______.
A.it is common to wait for an hour for an appointment
B.explanations for being late are cut short
C.apologies are never made for being late
D.people are irresponsible
15.This passage mainly concerns ______.
A.time and manners
B.promptness
C.cultural differences between the East and the West
D.rules of time
Passage 4
Questions 16 to 20 are based onthe following passage.
Peoplehave been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accidentvictims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of wholeblood is donated, and it is divided into platelets, white blood cells, and redblood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every twoweeks.
Transfusingthe blood frown the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involvestaking the blood from a donor’s arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. Theblood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that containssodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting.
Whenthe blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle areconnected to the recipient’s arm. The blood flows down from the container bygravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete theinfusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from beinginfected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needlesare used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposedto disease-causing bacteria.
Negativereactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergicreaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red-cell incompatibility.Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. Although they are rare, othercauses of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles inthe blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration ofexcess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets.
Today,hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors andtheir blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases,such as HIV (which causes AIDS), hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipientis a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmfulelements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets areremoved.
16. According to the passage, howoften can people donate blood for red blood ceils?
A.Every four months.
B.Every three months.
C.Every two months.
D.Every month.
17. Which sentence in Para. 2 explains how clotting isprevented in the blood container?
A.The first sentence.
B.The second sentence.
C.The third sentence.
D.None of the above.
18. What answer choice is closest in themeaning to the word “undetected” in Para. 4?
A.Not wanted.
B.Not captured.
C.Not found.
D.Not illustrated.
19. All of the following are mentioned aspotential negative reactions to transfusions EXCEPT ______.
A.allergies
B.red-cell incompatibility
C.bubbles in the air
D.sensitivity to donor leukocytes
20. It can be inferred from the passage aboutblood transfused to infants and newborns that ______.
A.It is rigorously tested as blood for adults
B.It is treated with radiate energy
C.It is not treated differently from adults
D.It is not dangerous for children
Section B: (15 points)
Directions: Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined sentencesinto Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.
Whatkinds of things can cause too much stress in our lives? We often think of majorcrises such as natural disasters, war, and death as main sources of stress.These are, of course, stressful events. (1)However,according to psychologist Wayne Weiten, on a day-to day basis, it is the smallthings that cause stress: waiting in line, havingcar trouble, getting stuck in a traffic jam, having toomany things to do in a limited time.
Interestingly,stress is unique and personal to each of us. (2)So personal, infact, that what may be relaxing to one person may be stressful to another.For example, if you’re an executive who likes to keep busy all the time,“taking it easy” at the beach on a beautiful day may feel extremelyfrustrating, non-productive, and upsetting. (3) You may be emotionallydistressed from “doing nothing”.
HansSelye, M. D., a recognized expert in the field, has defined stress as a “non-specificresponse of the body to a demand.” For the busy executive, the demand thatcauses stress might be to relax. For most of us, it’s a demand to act thatcauses stress. (4)If we feel overwhelmed by pressure to do toomuch, we may not be able to function at all. In thiscase, the stress that can be good for us becomes distress, or bad stress. (5)Whenstress becomes prolonged or particularly frustrating, it can become harmfulcausing physical illness.
IV. Writing (25 points)
Section A Note-Writing (10 points)
Directions: On the Answer Sheet write a note of no more than 50 words based on the followingsituation:
You are Jack. You have been invited to goboating with David this weekend. Write to express your regret for not beingable to join him.
Section B Composition Writing (15points)
Directions: On the Answer Sheet write a composition of about 120 words on the followingtopic. You should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese)below.
My Views on Pets Keeping
1．有许多人认为：养宠物有许多好处
2．也有观点认为：养宠物会产生诸多问题
3．我的观点
参考答案及解析
I. Cloze (15 points / 1point each)
1.D 名词词义辨析题。句意：伦敦塔是最热门的旅游景点之一。tourist site旅游景点。scene场面；情景。
2.A 介词词义辨析题。句意：伦敦塔在詹姆斯一世时代以前，曾偶尔用作英国国王和王后的王宫。通过阅读下文“but is known as a prison madexecution place（但如今它却以一所监狱和刑场著称）”，可知伦敦塔是在以前被用作王宫。until在…以前。
3.B 动词词义辨析题。句意：他于1603至1625年统治英国。reign 统治，支配；当政。rein 控制；驾驭。
4.C 副词词义辨析题。句意：但如今它却以一所监狱和刑场而最为著称。前文提到伦敦塔曾被用作皇宫，but 一词表转折可知后文意思与前文相反，故选best。best known与well known 都可以表示“著名的，知名的”，但是，best known 在程度上更深，强调非常出名。
5.C 动词词义辨析题。句意：叛徒受酷刑。根据上下文，可知空格内应填与murder(谋杀)，shot(枪决)意思相近的词。torture折磨；拷问。ruin毁灭。wound受伤。
6.B 固定搭配题。句意：亨利八世控告他的妻子与人私通。accuse sb. of sth.指控某人干某事，为固定搭配。
7.D 副词词义辨析题。句意：她请求用一把利剑将她砍首，而不要用行刑时通常用的那把斧头。rather than而不是。apart from除…之外。besides除…之外。together with 连同。
8.A 动词词义辨析题。句意：于是从法国带来了剑并请了刽子手。bring over把…带来，为固定搭配。
9.D 动词词义辨析题。句意：刽子手利剑一挥，她的头便被砍下。第二句说到刽子手把她的头砍下，可知前面的动作应是挥剑。strike sword挥剑，故选D。
10.B 名词词义辨析题。句意：伦敦塔也是伦敦著名的一起神秘事件的出事地点。scene现场；场面；情景，指特定的地点。spot景点。place泛指地点。 view目中所望见的景色。
11.A 介词词义辨析题。句意：爱德华在父亲死后成为国王。此处on解释为“在…之后，一…就”。
12.C 推理判断题。句意:他的监护人。本句主要是描述young Edward，可以推测得知Gloucester公爵是youngEdward的监护人，因此应选his。
13.A 动词词义辨析题。句意：但以后公爵宣布自己是新国王。“he was the new king”这则消息应该是被宣布出来，故选A。announce宣布。advertise做广告。reveal揭露。
14.B 动词词义辨析题。句意：并称呼自己为理查三世。call把…称作。name命名，取名。
15.D 逻辑关系题。句意：人们认为这是理查德下令谋杀的，尽管这种说法一直没有得到证实。通过分析前后两个短句，可知两句之间为转折关系，although引导让步状语，表转折，故选D。
II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25points / 1 point each)
1.B 句意：我确定，我儿子一定会有一个比我好的开端。shall 用于第二、三人称的陈述句中表示说话的人给对方的允诺，本句中可以通过“determined（有决心的）”可以看出。
2.C 句意：幕布一拉开，他们就在戏院里坐下了。scarcely…when一…就，常用于过去完成时中，相当于hardly…when。
3.D 句意：没有收到回信，他们决定给他们发一份加急电报。本题中“not having received an answer”是句子的独立主格结构，可以换成一个原因状语从句：because they haven’t received ananswer。分词的否定式结构：not+分词。
4.B 句意：吸烟对人体健康危害如此之大以致于由它导致的人口死亡是其他事故的7倍之多。本题主要考查倍数的表达方式：…倍数+more+名词+than。例如：There are four times more books in ourlibrary than in yours．我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书馆藏书的四倍。
5.D 句意：她受到如此粗暴对待，以致于下定决心要与家人决裂。本题主要考查so引导的倒装句：so+形容词或副词+be动词+主语（如此…以致于…）。
6.C 句意：1948年哈里·杜鲁门再次被选为美国总统，这让之前预测的人们大为惊讶。本题第一空主要考查冠词用法，elect sb. president选举某人为总统，也可换成elect sb. as the president。第二空主要考查时态问题，本句主句为过去时，predict（预测）则是在选举之前，故用过去完成时。
7.A 句意：他不敢这样做，是吗？本题主要考查反义疑问句的用法。本句中dare为实义动词，陈述句为否定形式，疑问句要用肯定形式。当dare在句中作实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do+主语。
8.A 句意：在英国，熏肉鸡蛋是一种常见的周日早餐。bacon and eggs是英国的一种家常菜，常被看做是一个整体，因此要用单数形式。
9.A 句意：这些书是阿加莎·克里斯蒂写的，你可以选一本来读。在句中给出选择范围的情况下要用whichever one。
10.B句意：他们爬到山顶，是为了可以鸟瞰这座城市。观察两个分句之间关系是因果关系，in order that 引导目的状语从句，意为：为了。因此选B。forfear that唯恐；以防万一。in case万一。as a result结果是。
11.D句意：你最好让他们自行解决纷争。本句考查you’d better+动词原形，和leave sb. to do sth.(让某人去干某事)，两个固定句型。
12.D句意：尽管作为一个歌手，我敬佩他；但是作为一个男人，我不喜欢他。本题主要考查much as 引导让步状语从句，意为：尽管。
13.B句意：我明天不能去机场送你，祝你旅途愉快。wish sb. a good journey/ good luck表示临别时祝朋友旅途顺利或好运。
14.C句意：我们昨天确实开会了，但你没必要参加，所以就没通知你。本题主要考查情态动词。did not need to do本不需要做。need作实义动词时，否定形式为：否定式+need to do；作情态动词时，否定形式为：needn’t to do。
15.C句意：在接下来的演讲中，他将会告诉我们一些现代英语的用法。根据句意可知，lecture的后置定语follow尚未发生，因此要使用不定式作后置定语表示将来。
16.C句意：测试小组成员（时间）非常灵活，可以根据自己要求改变时间表。根据后文“could change their schedule uponrequest”推测可知，小组成员可以灵活改变自己的时间表，因此选flexible（灵活的；有弹性的）。lenient 宽大的；仁慈的。supple柔软的；顺从的。gentle温和的；文雅的。
17.B句意：玛姬的房间乱糟糟的，书和纸弄得到处都是。in a mess 乱糟糟，一团糟，为固定搭配。litter 垃圾，破烂。rubbish垃圾；废物。disorder 杂乱，混乱，无秩序。
18.B句意：波顿说他要等涨潮以后再去游泳，因为现在海水离得太远。根据后文中“sea”一词可知，应填一个跟海有关的词，故选B，tide 潮水，潮汐。current 水流，气流。flood 洪水，水灾。
19.B句意：西尔维亚精神低迷,因为她的咽喉感染了,因此使她的声音非常嘶哑而且也让她不可能在聚会上独自表演了。hoarse嗓门嘶哑的。dumb哑的，无说话能力的。silent沉默的，寂静的。speechless无语的。
20.D句意：如果我们穿过丛林抄近路的话，就离村庄不远了。take the short cut走捷径，抄近路，为固定搭配。pass及格；经过。corner角落。turning转弯处。
21.B句意：还不确定山姆是否会来参加他最好的朋友的葬礼，毕竟他偷了镇上的钱并逃跑了。根据后文“as he has taken the town’s moneyand made off with it.”可以推测得知山姆还不确定来不来参加朋友的葬礼，根据“whether”可以得知所填单词是表示不确定的意思，故选doubtful可疑的；不能确定的。unlikely没希望的。improbable不大可能的。unexpected意外的。
22.D句意：大多数罐头食品都缺乏维生素。deficient in不足，缺乏。devoid缺乏的，后面介词用of。missing失踪的。lost失去的。
23.A句意：这幅油画不是真品，因此完全没有价值。后文说“it was completely worthless”，因此可知这幅画不是真品,故选genuine（真的;真诚的）。valuable贵重的。true真实的；正确的。actual实际的。
24.B句意：吉姆在整理抽屉的时候，偶然发现了他母亲的奖品，一个三色釉小型兵马俑。come across偶遇；无意中发现。come around来；苏醒。comeover过来；顺便来访。come into进入。
25.B句意：那两位学者昨天晚上花了三个小时为新字典写序。on end 连续不断的，常和表示时间的词连用。at length 最后，终于。in full全部地。intime 及时。
III. Reading Comprehension (35points)
Section A(20 points / 1 pointeach)
Passage 1
1.B 全文主旨题。文章第一段第二句话就提出了本文的主旨，“For a long time it has been the newspaper ofrecord in the United States and one of the world’s great newspaper”，意为：很长一段时间里，它都是美国报纸的记录，是世界上最伟大的报纸之一。由此可知，本文主要是谈论The New York Times的历史及怎样成为受到世界人们喜爱的报纸。因此选B。
2.A 事实细节题。根据文章第一段最后一句“it has never been the largest newspaper in terms of circulation”,可知就发行量而言，The New York Times不是最大的报纸。选项A符合题意。
3.C 事实细节题。根据文章第三段第二句“his reporters maintained and emphasized existing good coverage ofinternational news. The management of the paper decided to eliminate fictionfrom the paper, added a Sunday magazine section”，可知为了提高发行量，The New York Times继续保持优秀的国际新闻报道，把小说从报纸内容中删除，并且增加了周日杂志部分。由此可知A、B、D选项与原文意思相同。故答案为C。
4.B 事实细节题。根据文章第四段倒数第二句话“In April 1912, the paper took many risks toreport every aspect of the sinking of the Titanic，thisgreatly enhanced its prestige”，可知1912年4月报纸报道了沉没的泰坦尼克号的细节，因而极大地增加了它的声望。选项B符合题意。
5.D 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“brought out a national edition transmitted by satellite to regionalprinting plants”，可知The Times的国内版是通过卫星向各地区印刷工厂传送。选项D符合题意。
Passage 2
6.A 事实细节题。根据文章第一段第二句“Opportunities to make money mean competition and competition isstressful”，可知找寻机会赚钱意味着竞争，而竞争就会带来压力。选项A“人们都急于成功”，符合题意。
7.B 事实细节题。根据文章第一段倒数第三句“Crime has always flourished in the relative anonymity of urban life”，可知城市中相对匿名的生活使得犯罪一直盛行，选项B“在人口大的环境里很难追踪罪犯”，与原文意思一致。
8.A 事实细节题。根据文章第一段最后一句“City dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crimearound them（由于对周围犯罪行为的恐惧，许多城市居民可能会一直待在家中）”，可知犯罪对城市居民的生活威胁最大，因此选A。
9.D 事实细节题。根据文章第一段第一句“its motivating force is, in the broadest sense, money”，可知 从广义上来说，这种动力就是金钱。因此选D。
10.A 事实细节题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“Lack of informal social contact and indifference to the misfortunes ofothers, are amongst the major causes of urban crime”，可知，缺乏正常的社会联系和对他人不幸的冷漠是造成城市犯罪的最主要因素。A项socialisolation（社交孤立）符合题意。
Passage 3
11.A 词汇题。customary习惯的；通常的。四个选项中只有usual“通常的；惯例的”符合题意.virtual虚拟的；实际上的。practical实际的。imaginary虚构的，假想的。
12.D 事实细节题。根据文章第三段中间部分“If he is less than five minutes late, he will say a few words ofexplanation”，可知，在美国如果一个人迟到5分钟之内，他会为此进行解释。选项D符合原文意思。
13.B 事实细节题。根据文章第二段第二句“guests tend to feel they are not highly regarded if the invitation to adinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date”可知在聚会前3到4天通知客人是不礼貌的。“made for a date more than a week away tend tobe forgotten”（而亚洲人认为）提前一周多的时间通知很容易被忘记，因此选B。
14.A 事实细节题。根据文章倒数第二段倒数第二句“Yet in some other countries, a forty minutewaiting period was not unusual”，可知在其他一些国家40分钟的等待是很平常的。故A项符合题意。
15.A 全文主旨题。文章第一段主要是讲挑选打电话的时间非常重要。第二、三段主要讲社交生活中时间是一个很重要的因素，各个国家的人对时间的要求不同。最后一段是对全文的总结，提醒人们，在不同的文化下，针对不同的时间观念注意自己的行为举止。因此A项时间与行为符合题意。
Passage 4
16.D 事实细节题。文章第一段最后一句“People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every twoweeks”，指出人们可以每两周献一次血（红细胞）。由此可以得知D符合题意。
17.C 事实细节题。文章第二段最后一句“The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottlethat contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting”，意为：血液通过一条塑料管流到装有柠檬酸钠的收集袋或瓶中，这样可以防止血液凝固。选项C符合题意。
18.C 词汇题。undetected未检测到的；未被发现的。not found未被发现的。not captured未被捕捉到的。not illustrated未被阐明的。
19.C 事实细节题。根据文章第三段可知negative reactions(副作用)包括：allergic reaction（过敏反应），sensitive to donor leukocytes（对供体白细胞过敏）和red-cell incompatibility(红细胞不亲和性)。因此，A、B和D项符合原文。而C项“bubbles in the air（空气中的气泡）”是造成副作用的原因，而不是结果，因此选C。
20.B 事实细节题。文章最后一段倒数第二句“When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usuallyirradiated to eliminate harmful elements”，意为：当受捐者是婴儿时，血液要经过辐射去掉一些有害元素。因此B项“用辐射能源辐射”符合题意。
Section B (15 points)
（1）然而，心理学家韦恩·韦登认为排队，车出故障，堵车或者在有限的时间内要做的事情太多这样的小事是每天造成压力的原因。
（2）事实上，压力是非常私人化的，以至于让一个人感到轻松的事物也许会对另一个人造成压力。
（3）也许无所事事会让你情绪低落。
（4）如果我们要做的太多不堪压力重负，我们也许就不能行使自己的职责了。
（5）如果压力持续很长时间特别是让你感到沮丧，它就会对身体有害，导致疾病。
IV. Writing (25 points)
Section ANote-writing(10 points)
Dear David,
　I’m writing to express my apologies for notbeing able to join you to go boating this weekend. Since I have a lot ofhomework to do, I must finish it first. I hope my absence will not cause youany inconvenience. Have a nice day!
Jack
Section B Composition Writing (15points)
My Views on Keeping a Pet
Recently, a problem of keeping apet has been discussed by more and more people. People’s Opinions on thisphenomenon vary from person to person. Some people believe that keeping a petis beneficial to citizens while others argue that keeping pets is a harmfulthing. As for me, I prefer the first opinion. Why I think so can be generalizedinto two parts.
On the one hand, there is no doubtthat keeping pets can relieve loneliness and reduce pressures. With thedevelopment of the modern society, young people have so much work to do so thatthey have little time to company their parents, which will let senior peoplefeel lonely. If senior people keep a pet at home, they can walk the pet or talkto the pet when they are alone at home. For young people, if they have too muchpressure while they do not want to tell friends and parents, they can talk totheir pets who can keep the secrets.
On the other hand, it goes withoutany questions that keeping pets can let children be more prepared to handle theresponsibility. Nowadays, most children are the only child in their own family.They have no chance to get along with their brothers or sisters. Children insuch situation may become selfish. If they keep a pet at home, they must feedthem on time and spend time companying them, which will let children completelygrow up.
From what has been discussedabove, we may come to the conclusion that keeping pets can not only relievesenior people’s loneliness, but also can let children completely grow up and bemore prepared to handle the responsibility.

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