alleviate
| 词义
| to make sth less severe减轻，缓解［同ease］
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elevate
| 词义
| ① to lift sth up or to increase the level of sth举起，抬起；提高，使升高
② to give sb/sth a higher position or rank, often more important than they deserve 提拔，晋升（通常指到不应有的位置）
［+sb/sth (to sth)］ ［+sth (into sth)］ ［同raise, promote］
③ to improve a persons mood使情绪高涨，使精神振奋
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例句 | Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. 移民正在快速成为大众文化的一部分，这种情况也许不能从总体上提升美国，但也几乎没有什么害处。(2006阅读Text 1)
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lever
| 词义
| ①杠杆
② （车辆或机器的）操纵杆，控制杆
③an action used to put pressure on sb to do sth they do not want to do施压的行为、手段 ［+(for/against sth)］
④ to move sth with a lever（用杠杆）撬动 ［+sth +a./ad./prep］
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levy
| 词义
| ①an extra amount of money that has to be paid, esp. as a tax征收额；（尤指）税款 ［+(on sth)］
② to use official authority to demand and collect a payment , tax, etc征收，征（税） ［+sth+(on sb/sth)］
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relevant
| 词义
| ① closely connected with the subject or situation being discussed or considered紧密相关的，切题的［+(to sb/sth)］
② having ideas that are valuable and useful to people in their lives and work 有价值的，有意义的
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例句 | If a relevant and important idea occurs to you now, work it into the draft.如果现在你突然想到一个相关并且重要的观点，那就将其写进初稿。(2008阅读Part B)
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relieve
| 词义
| ① to remove or reduce an unpleasant feeling or pain解除，减轻，缓和（不快或痛苦） ［近alleviate, ease］
② to make a problem less serious 减轻（问题的严重性），缓解
③ to make sth less boring, esp. by introducing sth different 调剂，使有趣
④ to replace sb who is on duty 接替；给……换班
⑤ to free a town, etc from an enemy army that has surrounded it将（城镇从敌人的围困中）解围
⑥ a polite way of referring to going to the toilet （委婉说法）方便，解手
［+oneself］
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例句
| On the other hand, a little politeness goes a long way towards relieving the tensions of motoring. 另一方面，些许文明行为对于化解司机之间的紧张局势至关重要。(1992阅读Text 1)
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deliberate
| 词义
| ① to think very carefully about sth, esp. before making a decision仔细考虑
［+(on/about sth),+wh-］
［a.］ ② done on purpose rather than by accident故意的
［近calculated, intended, intentional, planned, pre-arranged］
③ (of a movement or an action) done slowly and carefully(动作或行为）不慌不忙的；小心翼翼的
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例句
| And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. 埃里克森认为，学习按照意义编码信息的最佳方法是经历一个被称为“刻意练习”的过程。（2007阅读Text 1）
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liberal
| 词义
| ① willing to understand and respect other peoples behavior or opinions（思想上）开明的，尊重别人的行为或想法的
② generous慷慨大方的［+（with sth）］
③ not strict, free（翻译、理解等）灵活的，不拘于原文的
④ allowing political and economic freedom and supporting gradual social, political or religious change（社会、政治、经济、宗教上）自由的，支持变革的
⑤ concerned with developing students general knowledge and ability to think, rather than their technical skills（源于古代的自由人教育, 培养学生追求学术思想自由的能力）通识（教育）的 (liberal arts 文科)
⑥a person who understands other people's opinions or behavior宽容的人
⑦ a person who supports political, social and religious change支持（政治、社会或宗教）变革的人
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例句 | ...he argued that liberal reforms had weakened the “Japanese morality of respect for parents”.他认为自由改革削弱了“日本人尊敬父母的道德观”。（2000阅读Text 4）
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liberate
| 词义
| to free a country or a person from control or restriction解放（国家或人民） ［近emancipate］；使自由，摆脱约束［+sb/sth (from sb/sth)］
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liberty
| 词义
| ① the freedom and the right to do whatever you want without asking permission or being afraid of authority自由（权）
②［用单数］an act or statement that may offend sb, esp. because its done without permission or does not show respect冒犯行为
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ally
| 词义
| ① a person who helps or supports sb in a difficult situation （尤指从政者的）盟友，支持者
② a country that formally makes an agreement to help or support another country, esp. in a war 同盟国；［the Allies］（二战期间的）同盟国，（一战期间的）协约国
③ to join with other people or countries to help and support each other 与……结盟［+(oneself) to/with sb/sth］
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colleague
| 词义
| 同事，同僚
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league
| 词义
| ① a group of people or nations who have combined for a particular purpose联盟，同盟
② a group of sports teams who play games against each other to see who is best （体育运动队的）联合会，联赛
③ a level of quality, ability etc（质量、能力等的）等级，级别，水平
［in... +，in/out of sb's ~］
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liable
| 词义
| ① having to do sth (esp. paying the cost of sth) by law 必须按照法律做（某事），负有（赔偿）责任［+(for/to sth)，+to do sth］
② likely to be punished by law for sth 可能受到法律的惩处［+to sth］
③ likely to happen or do sth 可能发生或做（某事） ［+to do］ ［近prone］
④ likely to be affected by sth 可能受……的影响 ［+to sth］ ［近prone］
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例句
| Or so the thinking has gone since the early 1980s, when juries began holding more companies liable for their customers' misfortunes. 20世纪80年代初陪审团开始认为更多的公司应对其客户所遭受的不幸负有赔偿责任，大约从那以后这种想法才有了改变。（1999阅读Text 1）
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liability
| 词义
| ① legal responsibility for sth, esp. for paying money that is owed, or for damage or injury (法律上对某事物的赔偿等)责任, 义务 ［+for sth，+to do sth］
② ［用复数］ the amount of debt that must be paid 负债，债务［近debts］
③［常用单数］ sb or sth that is likely to cause problems 束缚，累赘
④ ［用单数］ the amount that sth is likely to be affected by a particular kind of problem, illness etc 受（尤指不好的事物）影响的倾向［+to sth］
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obligatory
| 词义
| ① that you must do because of the law, rules, etc（按法律、规定等）必须的，强制的［+(for sb) (to do sth)］ ［近compulsory］
② that you do because you always do it, or other people in the same situation always do it习惯性的，随大溜的，赶时髦的
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oblige
| 词义
| ①［常用被动］ to force sb to do sth, by law, because it is a duty etc （根据法律、义务等）迫使，责成 ［+sb to do sth］
② to help sb by doing what they ask or what you know they want (根据要求或需要)帮忙，效劳 ［+sb(by doing sth/with sth)］ ［近 accommodate］
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例句 | Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution. 另外，欧共体的形成将迫使电视公司在制作和发行方面更密切地合作。（2005翻译）
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rally
| 词义
| ① a large public meeting, esp. one that is held outdoors to support a political idea or to protest etc公众集会（尤指为支持某政治观点、抗议等在户外举行的集会） ［近assembly］
② to come together or bring people together to support an idea, a political party etc (为支持某一主张或政党等而)集合，召集
［+(sb/sth) (around/behind/to sb/sth)］ ［近assemble］
③ to become stronger again after a period of weakness or defeat（在虚弱、受挫后）重新振作，恢复
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例句 | The defense of the Church became a rallying cry for the conservative forces.捍卫教会成为保守势力的战斗口号。（2007知识运用）
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religion
| 词义
| ① 宗教（信仰）；教派
②［用单数］ a particular interest or influence that is very important in your life 特别的兴趣，重大的影响
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