目的状语和结果状语从句

目的状语和结果状语从句一、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case, lest等。
1．In irder that与so that
两个连词都意为“以便…..；为了….”，引导的状语从句中需用情态动词，in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。My father declared he was going to buy a new plot（小块土地） in a corner of the cemetery（墓地） so that he could get out easier.
父亲声明他要在墓地角上买一块儿新墓地，这样他出去容易些！
注：热爱自由的父亲被母亲管得太严了，老是不让出门，他希望死后会有所改观。2．For fear that, in case与lest
这些从属连词引导的目的状语从句中位于动词要用(should +)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that….not…或in order that…not….。场景再现：晚饭后爸爸带这小女儿Mary去散步，临走时，女儿对爸爸说：
Daddy, please take some chocolates with you in case I cry on the way.
爸爸，请带上点儿巧克力以防我在路上哭闹。When you do a good deed, get a receipt[收据], in case heaven is like the IRS（税务系统）。
做了好事，要拿到收据，万一天堂也象税务局一样呢。
注：拿着收据到上帝那请功去。你会那么做吗？ A man must try to look handsome at the theatre, lest he makes so nauseous[邋遢]
a figure in the side-box that the ladies are compelled to give their attention to the play.
剧院侧厢里的男人们一定要尽量显得英俊些，要不邋遢的形象会迫使女人们把注意力集中在戏剧上。
注：有些女人到剧院不是为了看戏，而是为了找到英俊有钱的老公。二、结果状语从句
1、引导结果状语从句的连词有：so that, so…that…。在非正式语体中，由so….that…, such…that….引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构形式：场景再现：山村老师对淘气学生说：
The school was on the top of a hill so that God could see clearly everything that went on.
学校建在山顶上，发生的每件事情上帝都能看得清清楚楚。
He is so narrow-minded that if he fell on a pin, it would blind him in both eyes.
他目光短浅，如果摔倒在一根针上，会刺瞎两只眼睛。
注：形容他鼠目寸光。
His wife is so mean that if he gave her a crutch(拐杖), she’d go and break her own leg.
他妻子非常吝啬，如果送给她一根拐杖，她会把自己的腿弄断。
注：这样拐杖就派上了用场。
场景再现：一个乞丐坐在街角，两只手各拿一顶帽子。有人问“另一个帽子是干什么用的？”乞丐回答：
Business has been so tremendous lately that I decided to open a branch office.
“最近生意兴隆，我决定开一家分店。
Some people are so fond of ill luck that they run half way to meet it.
有些人特别喜欢坏运气，他们甚至跑到半路去迎接。
注：自找麻烦。
He was so merciful a man that he would have held an umbrella over a duck in a shower of rain.
他是个非常仁慈的人，会在下雨时为鸭子打伞。
注：典型的假善人。
I defended capital with so much intelligence[才智] that any fool could see I was quite poor.
我动用我丰富的才智来抵抗金钱，是个傻瓜都能看出来我有多穷。
注：他虽然很穷，但他换了个角度调侃自己说：我穷是我不想挣钱，我一直在抵抗金钱。这个角度够新颖的。
A diplomat is someone who can tell you to go to hell in such a way that you will look forward to the trip.
外交官是一个这样的人：如果他告诉你去下地狱，你会非常渴望这次旅行。
注：外交官能忽悠。
Women have such keen senses they can even smell and hear noises that don’t exist.
女人非常敏感，她们甚至能听到和闻到不存在的噪音。
注：这就不是敏感，而变成多疑了。
当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。
So merciful was he a man that he would have held an umbrella over a duck in a shower of rain.
他是个非常仁慈的人，会在下雨时为鸭子打伞。
2．除结果状语从句外，too….to…（太….而不能….），enough to…（达到某中程度可以），so….as to…（那么…..以至于…）等不定式结构同样可以表示结果。
Why are elephants so wrinkled?（褶皱）
Because they’re too big to fit on the ironing board!
为什么大象这么皱皱巴巴？
因为他们太大了，没有合适的熨烫板。
场景再现：有一个牛人因超速被警察拦下，他说：
Is it true that people become cops because they are too dumb to work at McDonalds?
因为太傻胜任不了麦当劳工作的人才当警察，是真的吗？
注：在麦当劳当服务员就已经是不需要多少技能的工作了。
If you are too busy to laugh, you are too busy.
如果你忙得连笑的时间都没有，你真是太忙了。
注：很多人整天忙个不停，脸上也没个笑容，不知道自己为了什么而忙碌。
He was an author whose work was so little known as to be almost confidential.（机密的）。
他是个作家，他的作品很少有人知道，几乎是机密。
注：没人知道他写过什么作品。