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2011年四川大学外国语学院241二外英语真题及详解
2010年四川大学外国语学院241二外英语真题及详解
2009年四川大学外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解
2008年四川大学外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解
2007年四川大学外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解
2006年四川大学外国语学院211二外英语真题及详解
说明：四川大学外国语学院“二外英语”考试科目代号经常变，如2011年考试科目代号为241，2009年考试科目代号为211。虽然考试科目代号发生改变，但考题风格、难度等没变。因此考生一定要多加重视历年考研真题。
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2011年四川大学外国语学院241二外英语真题及详解
Part I ReadingComprehension (40％)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by somequestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A) , B) , C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
In bringing upchildren, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition of each newskill, the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning ofreading and writing. It is oftentempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this canset up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. Thismight happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, ayoung child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning ofthe words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone toomuch, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasmfor life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents varygreatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may beespecially strict in money matters. Others are severe over times of coming homeat night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed representthe needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child’sown happiness.
As regards thedevelopment of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is veryimportant in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it thenext is no foundation for morality. Also, parents should realize that “exampleis better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practice what theypreach, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when theygrow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to someextent fooled.
A suddenawareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and theirmorals can be a dangerous disappointment.
1. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisitionof new skills ______.
A) should beavoided
B) is universalamong parents
C) sets updangerous states of worry in the child
D) will make himlose interest in learning new things
2. In the process of children’s learningnew skills parents ______.
A) shouldencourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B) should notexpect too much of them
C) shouldachieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D) should createas many learning opportunities as possible
3. The second paragraph mainly tells us that______.
A) parentsshould be strict with their children
B) parentalcontrols reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community
C) parentalrestrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the childrenalone
D) parents varyin their strictness towards their children according to the situation
4. The word “precept” (Line 3, Para. 3)probably means “______”.
A) idea
B) punishment
C) behaviour
D) instruction
5.In moral matters, parents should ______.
A) observe therules themselves
B) be aware ofthe marked difference between adults and children
C) forbid thingswhich have no foundation in morality
D) consistentlyensure the security of their children
【答案与解析】
1.B 文章第一段第一句话写到“In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’sacquisition of each new skill…”由此可见，热切关注孩子的每一步成长是每一位家长都共有的特质，B正确。
2.C 文章第一段举例说明了家长让孩子进步的方法，接着又写到这些方法可能会带来负面的影响，不利于孩子的长远发展。因此，在教育孩子的问题上，家长应该找到一个平衡，切忌拔苗助长，C正确。
3.C 文章第二段列举了不同的家长有着不同的要求，最后一句话写到“In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parentsand the values of the community as much as the child’s own happiness.”由此可见，这些控制手段不仅是为了孩子的幸福，也反映了父母的需求以及社区的价值观，C正确。
4.D precept表示“箴言”，instruction表示“教诲”，D正确。
5.A 文章第三段最有一句话写到“If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach. Theirchildren may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enoughto think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.”接下来，在文章最后一段，作者写到关于道德教育问题，父母应以身作则，言行一致，A正确。
Passage Two
The rise of multinational corporations, global marketing, newcommunications, technologies, and shrinkingcultural differences has led to an unparalleled increase in global publicrelations or PR.
Surprisingly,since modem PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries.Ten years ago, for example, the world’s top five public relations agencies wereAmerican owned. In 1991, only one was. The British in particular are becomingmore sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half ofall British companies include PR as part of their corporate planningactivities, compared to about one third of U.S. companies. It may not be longbefore London replaces New York as the capital of PR.
Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairlyprovincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of worldgeography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly,Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a secondlanguage. Less than 5 percent of Burson Marshall’s U.S. employees know twolanguages. Ogilvy, and Mather has about the same percentage conversely, someEuropean firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a secondlanguage. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye oninternational affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americansread the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal aswell as the Financial Times of London and The Economist. Publications not oftenread in this country.
Perhaps the PRindustry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN (Cable News Network).Turner recently announced that the work “foreign” would no longer be used onCNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made thenations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thingas foreign.
6. According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relation isbeing threatened because ______.
A) allunparalleled increase in the number of public relations companies
B) shrinkingcultural differences and flew communications technologies
C) thedecreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.
D) increasedefforts of other countries in public relations
7.London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because ______.
A) Britishcompanies are more ambitious than U. S. companies
B) Britishcompanies place more importance on PR than U. S. companies
C) Britishcompanies are heavily involved in planning activities
D) four of theworld’s top public relations agencies arc British owned
8. The word “provincial” (Line 2, Para. 3)most probably means “______”.
A) limited inoutlook
B) like peoplefrom the provinces
C) rigid inthinking
D) interested inworld financial affairs
9. We learn from the third paragraph thatemployees in the American PR industry ______.
A) speak atleast one foreign language fluently
B) are ignorantabout world geography
C) are not assophisticated as their European counterparts
D) enjoy readinga great variety of English business publications
10. What lesson might the PR industry takefrom Ted Turner of CNN?
A) American PRcompanies should be more internationally minded.
B) The AmericanPR industry should develop global communications technologies.
C) Peopleworking in PR should be more fluent in foreign languages.
D) Peopleinvolved in PR should avoid using the word “foreign”.
【答案与解析】
6.D 文章第二段第一句话写到“Surprisingly…the U.S. leadership in public relations is beingthreatened by PR efforts in other countries.”接下来，作者写到了近些年来美国在这一领域的衰退。由此可见，美国在PR界的领导地位正处在被其他国家的威胁当中，D正确。
7.B 文章第二段第四句话写到“A recent survey found that more than half of all British companiesinclude PR as part of their corporate planning activities, compares to aboutone third of U.S. companies.”由此可见，英国有一半的公司涉及了PR的业务，但美国只有三分之一，这说明英国的公司比美国的占有更多的席位，B正确。
8.A 文章第三段第二句话写到“Firstly, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and takemore of an interest in local affairs.”从这句话的后半部分可以推断出美国的公司眼光不够长远，关注的多为本地的市场，provincial表示的是“区域性的，狭隘的”，A正确。
9.C 文章第三段分析了美国为什么在PR市场上会落后于欧洲各国。作者从美国人的地域观念，外语能力和对金融市场的关注程度做出了阐述，均说明了欧洲各国在这一问题上的优势多于美国，他们比美国经验更丰富，考虑更周到。
10.A 文章最后一句话写到“…global communications have made the nations of the world sointerdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.”全球化的发展使得“外国”这一概念变得模糊，作者旨在提醒美国需要有一个国际化的视野，A正确。
Passage Three
Humanity uses alittle less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences ofshortages and droughts are causing famine and distress in some areas, andindustrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since theworld’s population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many expertsthink we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis. But that doesn’t have tobe the outcome. Water Shortage does not have to trouble the world if we startvaluing water more than we did in the past. Just as we began to appreciatepetroleum more after the 1970s oil crisis, today we must start looking at waterfrom a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water avirtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way wewant. Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor, governmentsshould price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee forthe water itself as well as for the supply costs. Governments should alsoprotect this resource by providing water in more economically andenvironmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provideirrigation water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects such asgathering rainfall in depressions and pumping it to nearby cropland. No matterwhat steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must changetheir institutional and legal approaches to water use. Rather than spreadcontrol among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and nationalagencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up centralauthorities to coordinate watch policy.
11. What is the real cause of the potentialwater crisis?
A) Only half ofthe world’s water can be used.
B) The worldpopulation is increasing faster and faster
C) Half of theworld's water resources have been seriously polluted
D) Humanity hasnot placed efficient value on water resources.
12. As indicated in the passage, the waterproblem ______.
A) is alreadyserious in certain parts of the world
B) has beenexaggerated by some experts in the field
C) poses achallenge to the technology of building reservoirs
D) isunderestimated by government organizations at different levels
13. According to the author, the waterprice should ______.
A) be reducedto the minimum
B) stimulatedomestic demand
C) correspond toits real value
D) take intoaccount the occurrences of droughts
14. The author says that in some hot anddry areas it is advisable ______.
A) build biglakes to store water
B) constructbig pumping stations
C) build smalland cheap irrigation systems
D) channelwater from nearby rivers to cropland
15. To raise the efficiency of the watersupply, measures should be taken to ______.
A) guaranteefull protection of the environment
B) centralizethe management of water resources
C) increase thesense of responsibility of agencies at all levels
D) encouragelocal and regional on water resources
【答案与解析】
11.D 文章第五句话写到“Water shortage does not have to trouble the world if we startvaluing water more than we did in the past.”由此可见，只要我们比以前更珍惜水资源，那么水资源短缺就不再是问题了，这才是用水短缺问题的根本所在，D正确。
12.A 文章第二句话写到“Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts are causing famine anddistress in some areas…”提到了水资源短缺和在一些地方造成了饥荒和灾害，说明这一现象在世界上某些地方已经成为了一个严峻的问题，A正确。
13.C 文章第八句话写到“Instead, for all uses except the domestic demand of the poor,governments should price water to reflect its actual value.”由此可见，水价应反映出水资源的真实价值，C正确。
14.C 文章第十一句话举例说明了政府应如何充分利用水资源，写到“For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water inthe dry tropics is through small-scale projects such as gathering rainfall indepressions and pumping it to nearby cropland.”作者提倡政府在热带地区修建小规模的集水和灌溉系统，C正确。
15.B 文章最后一句话写到“Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands oflocal, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use,countries should set up central authorities to coordinate watch policy.”由此可见，无论政府采取怎样的手段和措施，仅仅让各个地区自行控制是远远不够的，国家应当采取更为集中的方式来达到合理使用水资源的目标，B正确。
Passage Four
We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at theintroduction of instant coffee. When it wasintroduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee and it tookseveral years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point,though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity and many brands wereintroduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while people became attached to onebrand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slightdecline when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).
The importanceof the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the productlife cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life 50that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called marketmodification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and marketsections. Did you know, for example, the thin backpacks that so many studentscarry today were originally designed for the military?
Marketmodification also means searching for increased usage among present customersor going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer mayre-position the product to appeal to new market sections.
Another productextension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing productquality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from presentusers. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way torecapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed stylesdramatically from year to keep demand from falling.
16. According to the passage, when people grow fond of oneparticular brand of one product, its sales will ______.
A) decrease gradually
B) improveenormously
C) becomeunstable
D) remain atthe same level
17. The first paragraph tells us that a newproduct is ______.
A) usuallyintroduced to satisfy different tastes
B) often moreexpensive than old ones
C) openinferior to old ones at first ______.
D) not easilyaccepted by the public
18. Marketers need to know which of thefour stages a product is in so as to ______.
A) work outmarketing policies
B) promote itsproduction
C) increase itspopularity
D) speed up itslife cycle
19. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para. 2)to show the importance of ______.
A) increasingusage among students
B) pleasing theyoung as well as the old
C) exploringnow market sections
D) serving bothmilitary and civil needs
20. In order to recover their share of theworld market, U. S. auto makers are ______.
A) improvingproduct quality
B) modernizingproduct style
C)re-positioning their product in the market
D) increasingproduct features
【答案与解析】
16.D 文章第四句话写到“After a while people became attached to one brand and sales leveledoff (stage of maturity)”，由此可见，人们习惯于用某一品牌的产品时产品进入了成熟阶段，发展相对稳定，D正确。
17.D 文章开篇介绍了速溶咖啡在早期并不被顾客所青睐，在经历了较长的市场开拓期之后，才渐渐受到了消费者的欢迎。因此，一项新产品要被市场所接受不是件容易事，D正确。
18.A 文章第六句话写到“The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this:Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies.”，产品的不同周期循环可使销售方实施不同的销售策略，A正确。
19.C 文章第八句话写到“It means that marketing managers look for new users and marketsections.”，接着便列举了背包的例子，旨在说明市场经理要找到新的客户和群体，C正确。
20.A 文章第十二句话写到“Another product extension strategy is called product modification.It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new usersor more usage from present users.”接下来，作者列举了美国的汽车制造商以提高产品质量来占有市场，A正确。
Part II Vocabularyand Structure (30％)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentencethere are four choices marked A), B), C), and D), Choose the ONE answer thatbest completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the center.
21. She ought to stop working; she has a headache because she ______too long.
A) has beenreading
B) had read
C) is reading
D) read
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：她应该停下工作，她头疼因为工作了很长一段时间。has been doing sth.表示长时间内进行的一个状态，A正确。
22. Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______, drawing millions ofvisitors every year.
A) attention
B) attraction
C) appointments
D) arrangement
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：尼亚加拉大瀑布有着巨大的吸引力，每年都招来了百万游客参观。attention表示“注意力”，attraction表示“吸引力”，appointment表示“约会，预约”，arrangement表示“安排，计划”。
23.I don’t mind ______ the decision as long as it is not too late.
A) you to delaymaking
B) yourdelaying making
C) yourdelaying to make
D) you delay tomake
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：我不介意你延迟做决定，只要不是太晚就行。mind one’s doing是英语中的固定搭配，表示“介意某人……”，后面跟v-ing形式构成表达“介意某人做某事”的短语。
24. The hopes, goals, fears and desires ______ widely between menand women, between the rich and the poor.
A) alter
B) shift
C) transfer
D) vary
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：希望、目标、恐惧和欲望这些东西在男人和女人，富人和穷人之间是有很大差别的。alter表示“改变，修改”，shift表示“换挡；转换”，transfer表示“使转移，使调动”，vary表示“不同，有差别”。
25. Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known inEurope until Columbus found it ______ in Cuba.
A) beingcultivated
B) havingcultivated
C) beencultivated
D) cultivating
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：玉米的原产地是“新大陆”，直到哥伦布在古巴发现它时，欧洲才知道有这种农作物。此处应使用被动形式的现在分词，表示被种植的这一状态，A正确。
26. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with theaudience ______ on benches, chairs on boxes.
A) havingseated
B) seating
C) seated
D) having beenseated
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：这样的叫卖通常在房子外面进行着，买家们都坐在长椅和凳子上。应使用过去分词和with搭配，表示状态，C正确。
27. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ______comfortably.
A) is worn
B) wears
C) wearing
D) are worn
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：这种由手艺娴熟的工匠们打造的眼镜戴起来很舒服。英语中固定搭it tastes/smells/looks/wears.
..adj.，表示“尝起来，闻起来，看起来，戴起来……”。B正确。
28.Some diseases are ______ by certain water animals.
A) transplanted
B) transformed
C) transported
D) transmitted
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：有些疾病是被某种水生动物传播的。transplant表示“移植”，transform表示“变形”，transport表示“输送，运输”，transmit表示“传播（疾病）”。
29.Wouldn’t you rather your child ______ to bed early?
A) go
B) went
C) would go
D) goes
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：你难道不想你的孩子早点上床睡觉吗？would rather sb did sth.是英语中的固定搭配，表示“宁愿某人做某事”，动词应使用过去式，B正确。
30. Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders ______ willhappen to her private life.
A) that
B) what
C) it
D) this
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：尽管安妮对她取得的成功很高兴，但是她仍想知道这会给她的私生活带来什么。表达“这将为她的私生活带来什么”的短语缺少了先行词what来引导，B正确。
31. The words of his old teacher left a ______ impression on hismind. He is still influenced by them.
A) long
B) lively
C) lasting
D) liberal
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：他曾经的老师的一席话在他心里留下了恒久的印象，直到现在都影响着他。long表示“长的，长时间的”，lively表示“充满活力的，活泼的”，lasting表示“恒久的，不可磨灭的”，liberal表示“开明的，自由的”。
32.Mike’s uncle insists ______ in this hotel.
A) staying not
B) not to stay
C) that hewould not stay
D) that he notstay
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：麦克的叔叔坚持不住这家酒店。insist表示“坚持，坚决认为”，后面跟that引导的从句时要使用sb. insists that he/sheshall do sth.，shall依照惯例可以省略，D正确。
33. We agreed to accept ______ they thought was the best touristguide.
A) whatever
B) whomever
C) whichever
D) whoever
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：不论他们想的最好的导游是谁， 我们都同意接受。whoever=no matter who，D正确。
34. It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity throughpeaceful means.
A) consistent
B) continuous
C) considerate
D) continual
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：我们要使用和平的手段达成统一，这是我们一致的策略。consistent表示“一致的，一贯的”，continuous表示“连续的，延伸的”，considerate表示“体贴的，考虑周到的”，continual表示“不间断的，多次重复的”。
35. Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded ______27％.
A) by
B) for
C) to
D) in
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：在1974年到1997年之间，海外游客的数量增长了27%。expand to表示“扩展到……”，expand by表示“扩展了……”，英语中没有expand for和expand in的搭配，A正确。
36. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documentsand most business letters are the main situations ______ formal language isused.
A) in which
B) at what
C) on which
D) in that
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：书面语言大多用于政府公文，考核竞赛，法律文件和多数商务信函中。这是一个地点状语从句，可以用where引导formallanguage is used，说明书面语言的此处的in which=where，A正确。
37. Fifty years ago, wealthy people liked hunting wild animals ______for fun sightseeing.
A) rather thanto go
B) more thangoing
C) other thangoing
D) than to go
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：五十年前，比起观光景点，有钱人更偏好去野外打猎。rather than表示“与其……倒不如”，后面不能跟动词不定式。other than表示“不同于，绝不是”，后面不能跟现在分词。B正确。
38. If the building project ______ by the end of this month isdelayed, the construction company will be fined.
A) beingcompleted
B) is completed
C) to becompleted
D) completed
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：如果这项预计在月底完工的在建工程延期了的话，那么建造公司将会被罚款。此处要表达的是在建工程将要完工的状态，因此不能使用现在分词being completed以及完成时is completed的形式，C正确。
39. He wrote an article criticizing the Greek poet and won ______ anda scholarship.
A) with
B) status
C) fame
D) courage
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：他写了一篇文章批评希腊诗人，这为他带来了声誉和奖金。to win with后面应接名词，表示“赢到了……”，status表示“状态”，fame表示“名声，名誉”，courage表示“勇气”。C正确。
40. Jack wishes that he ______ business instead of history when hewas in university.
A) studied
B) study
C) had beenstudying
D) had studied
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：杰克多么希望他在大学里学的是商务而不是历史啊。这里考查虚拟语气的用法，had done sth.表示想要做却没有做成的事情，D正确。
41. The older New England villages have changed relatively little ______a gas station or two in recent decades.
A) except for
B) in additionto
C) except
D) besides
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：这座古老的新英格兰村庄的改变相对较小，几十年内除了修建了一两个加油站外，其他的都没有更新。except for表示“除了……之外”，后面常常跟名词；in addition to也表示“除……之外”，通常用于补充，例如：In addition to English, she has to studyJapanese.表示“除了英文之外，她还要学习日语。”except表示“除了……之外”时，不能直接跟名词；besides表示“（排斥）除…之外（还有）”，A正确。
42. The Car Club couldn’t ______ to meet the demandsof all its members.
A) assume
B) ensure
C) guarantee
D) confirm
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：这家汽车俱乐部不能保证可以满足其所有会员的需求。assume表示“假设，假定”，ensure表示“确保，担保获得”，guarantee表示“保证”，confirm表示“批准，证实，使有效”。
43. Extensive reporting on television hashelped to ______ interest in a wide variety of sports and activities.
A) assemble
B) generate
C) yield
D) gather
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：广范围的电视报道让大众对多种多样的体育活动产生了兴趣。assemble表示“集合，收集”，generate表示“造成，产生（物理反应），引起”，yield表示“生产、获利”，常用于表达投资带来收益，例如：This investment yields a large amount of money. gather表示“聚集，搜集”。B正确。
44. The president promised to keep all the board members ______ ofhow the negotiations were going on.
A) inform
B) informing
C) be informed
D) informed
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：董事长承诺让所有的董事会成员知晓谈判进行的情况。这里考查to keep done的用法，表示“保持某种状态”。由于董事会成员是被告知情况的，因此要使用被动形式作宾语的补足语。D正确。
45. Eating too much fat can ______ heart disease and cause highblood pressure.
A) attribute to
B) attend to
C) contributeto
D) devote to
【答案】C查看答案
【解析】句意：吃得太多会导致心脏病和高血压。attribute to表示“把某事归因于某事（某人）”，attend to表示“处理，主意，致力于”，contribute to表示“促使，导致，有助于”，devoteto表示“把…专用于，完全用于（某事或做某事）”。C正确。
46. All the tasks ______ ahead of time, they decided to go onholiday for a week.
A) beenfulfilled
B) having beenfulfilled
C) havingfulfilled
D) had beenfulfilled
【答案】B查看答案
【解析】句意：所有的任务都已提前完成，他们决定休假一周。这里考查的是独立主格结构，all the tasks为逻辑主语，逗号后面是一个完整的句子，因此排除了A、D两项。由于“完成任务”发生在“决定休假”之前，故having been fulfilled正确。
47. This article ______ more attention to the problem of culturalinterference in foreign language teaching and learning.
A) cares for
B) applies for
C) allows for
D) calls for
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：这篇文章呼吁人们要关注外语教学中的文化干扰问题。care for表示“关心，照料”，apply for表示“申请”，allow for表示“考虑到，体谅，允许有”，call for表示“要求”。
48.He was punished ______ he should make the same mistake again.
A) unless
B) provided
C) if
D) lest
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：他受到了惩罚，以免他再次犯同样的错误。unless表示“除非”，provide表示“提供，假如，假设”，if表示“如果，假设”，lest表示“唯恐，以免”。
49.Petrol is refined from the ______ oil we take out of the ground.
A) crude
C) rude
B) fresh
D) original
【答案】A查看答案
【解析】句意：汽油是由从地下开采出来的原油提炼的。crude表示“天然的，未经加工的”，rude表示“粗鲁的，无礼的”，fresh表示“新鲜的，淡水的”，original表示“原始的，独创的”。
50. She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it ______ enoughto eat.
A) mild
B) slight
C) light
D) tender
【答案】D查看答案
【解析】句意：她把肉煮了很长时间，以便吃以来容易下咽。mild表示“温柔的，（口味）不浓的”，slight表示“微小的，细小的”，light表示“轻的，（口味）淡的”，tender表示“温柔的，（肉类食品）软的，易下咽的”。
Part III Cloze (10％)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank thereare four choices marked A), B , C), and D) on the right side of the paper. Youshould choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the center.
During recentyears we have heard much about “race”, how this race does certain things andthat race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the (51)phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications. We judgeface usually (52) the coloring of the skin: awhite race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But (53)you were to remove the skin you could not (54) anythingabout the race to which the individual belonged. There is
(55) physicalstructure, the brain or the internal organs to (56) adifference.
There are fourtypes of blood. (57) types are found in everyrace, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the (58). No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which theindividual belonged. Brains will (59) in size,but this occurs within every race. (60) doessize have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain (61)examined belonged to a person of weak (62) .On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had (63)brains.
Mental testswhich arc reasonably (64) show no differences inintelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded bydifferent members of any race. (65) equaleducational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings,either on account of race or geographical location. Individuals of every race
(66) civilization to go backward or forward. Training and educationcan change the response of a group of people,
(67) enablethem to behave in a (68) way. The behavior andideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go backor go on to something new (69) is better andhigher than anything (70) the past.
51. A) complete B)full C)total D)whole
52. A) in B)from C)at D)on
53. A) since B)if C)as D)while
54. A) speak B)talk C)tell D)mention
55. A) something B)everything C) nothing D)anything
56. A) display B)indicate C) demonstrate D) appear
57. A) All B)Most C)No D)Some
58. A) same B)identical C) similar D)alike
59. A) remain B)increase C) decrease D)vary
60. A) Only B)Or C)Nor D)So
61. A) ever B)then C)never D)once
62. A) health B)body C)mind D)thought
63. A) big B)small C) minor D)major
64. A) true B)exact C)certain D)accurate
65. A) Provided B)Concerning C) Given D)Following
66. A) make B)cause C)move D)turn
67. A) and B)but C)though D) so
68. A) ordinary B)peculiar C) usual D)common
69. A) that B)what C)whichever D) whatever
70. A) for B)to C)within D) in
【答案与解析】
51.D complete表示“达到完满状态的，完成的”，full表示“饱和的，饱满的”，total表示“总计的，绝对的”，whole表示“全部的，所有的”。
52.B judge from…为固定搭配，表示“由……来判断”。
53.B 此处应填入if表假设。
54.C tell表示“分别，辨别”。
55.C 此句意为：没有任何身体结构，大脑或者内部脏器表明有不同之处。
56.B display表示“陈列，展开”，indicate表示“预示，表明”，demonstrate表示“游行，论证，说明”，appear表示“出现，显现”。
57.A 根据上下文，此处应填入all，表示“所有的血型都能在任何种族身上找到。”
58.A 此句意为：人脑都是一样的。same表示“一样的”，前面常加定冠词the。
59.D 此句意为：人脑的尺寸可能不同。vary表示“变化，不同”。
60.C 此句意为：大脑的尺寸和智力的高低程度也没有关系。nor表示“也不，也不是”，用在句首的话句子要到装。
61.D 此句意为：曾经一个智力很低下的人的大脑经检查却是最大的。since表示“曾经”。
62.C mind表示“智力，智慧”。
63.B 此句意为：另一方面，一些人类历史上最为杰出的人往往有着较小的大脑。
64.D true表示“真实的”，exact表示“精密的，严密的”，certain表示“肯定的”，accurate表示“准确的，无误的”。
65.C 此句意为：只要有着平等的教育优势，那么在总体平均上就不会有差别，无论从种族上来讲还是从地理因素上来考虑。
66.B 此句意为：每一个种族的个体都能引起文明的进步或者后退。cause表示“引起，导致”。
67.A 此句意为：训练和教育会改变人们对环境的反应，并且让他们行为变得特别。and表并列。
68.B peculiar表示“特别的，奇特的”。
69.A 此处使用that构成宾语从句，句中的宾语为something new。
70.D 表示“在过去”要使用固定搭配in the past。
Part IVWriting (20％)
Directions: For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a compositionon the topic: Practical Ways to Protect Our Environment. You should write atleast 120 words and your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.
Practical Ways to Protect Our Environment
【参考范文】
Practical Ways toProtect Our Environment
It is widely acceptedthat the pollution to our environment has become mounting threaten withinrecent years. To protect it from being polluted has drawn a great attentionfrom the public, and there are several ways we may act out to achieve thisgoal.
Starting fromthe little daily things we are involved in could be an efficient way. It isgood for us to save water from running through the losing tap and make sure toturn off all the lights when leaving the room. A low-carbon life will help tomake the world more economical.
Second, try toquit using plastic bags. As is known to all, it always takes centuries todecompose those plastic products once they were deserted. Why not go back tothe age of basket and clothing bags? We need a fresher and clearer world otherthan one surrounded by white pollution.
Lastly, take thebus or cycle to work when driving a car is not necessary. Cars are faster buttheir waste gas emission is large, which, will definitely pollute the air alot. Besides, it is a good way to have exercises if you choose to go out bybike or on foot.
As far as I amconcerned, there will always be possibility for human to live from generationto generation as long as we carry out the practical methods to protect theenvironment.
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