考研英语核心词汇速成胜经Unit 60
一、 真题文章（2000年Text 5）
If ambition is to be well regarded, the rewards of ambition -- wealth, distinction, control over one\'s destiny -- must be deemed worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition\'s behalf. If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality, it must be widely shared; and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired, the educated not least among them. In an odd way, however, it is the educated who have claimed to have give up on ambition as an ideal. What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from ambition-if not always their own then that of their parents and grandparents. There is heavy note of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped -- with the educated themselves riding on them.
Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its signs now than formerly. Summer homes, European travel, BMWs--The locations, place names and name brands may change, but such items do not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago. What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams, as easily and openly as once they could, lest they be thought pushing, acquisitive and vulgar. Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles, which now more than ever seem in ample supply: the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home; the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants; the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools. For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional, the proper formulation is,\" Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious.\"
The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive, where the are not extremely unattractive. As a result, the support for ambition as a healthy impulse, a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young, is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end, that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings, but only that, no longer openly honored, it is less openly professed. Consequences follow from this, of course, some of which are that ambition is driven underground, or made sly. Such then, is the way things stand: on the left angry critics, on the right stupid supporters, and in the middle, as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.
二、 译文
如果能正确看待野心，那么它所带来的回报——财富、声誉、对命运的掌握，一定被认为是值得为之付出的牺牲。如果野心的传统具有生命力，那么它就应该受到广泛的推崇，尤其应该受到那些自己也受人仰慕的人士的高度重视，而那些接受过良好教育的人更应该包括在内。然而，恰恰是那些受过良好教育的人声称他们已经放弃了野心这一理想。奇怪的是他们已经从野心中获益颇多——如果不是他们自己的野心，那么就是他们父母和祖父母的。这其中有着浓厚的虚伪色彩，恰如马跑走后再关上马厩的门那样，而受过良好教育的人自己正骑在那些马背上。
然而，今天的人们和过去相比，对成功及其标志的兴趣并没有减少。度假别墅、欧洲之旅、宝马轿车——这些场所、地名和品牌的名字可能会改变，但对类似东西的追求，在今天和十年前或者两年前相比，并没有减少。事实是，人们再也无法像以前那样轻易地、坦白地承认自己的梦想，因为怕别人说他们有野心、追求物欲、粗俗。于是，我们带上了精致的伪君子的眼镜，这种眼镜现在比以前更多了，例如：批评美国人过于追求物质利益的批评家，在南安普顿有座度假别墅；出版激进书籍的出版商经常在三星级饭店用餐；鼓吹在生活各方面都应人人共享民主的记者，却把孩子送进了私立学校。对这些人，还有其他很多更平常的一些人来说，合适的表达应该是“不惜一切获得成功，但不要表现得太有野心。”
对野心的批评比比皆是，并来自不同的角度；公开为之辩解的则少之又少，虽不能说他们是完全没有吸引力的，但却未能给人们留下深刻印象。因此，在美国，野心作为一种健康的冲动，一种应该令人称羡并扎根于青年人心灵的品质，现在获得的支持也许比以往任何时候都要少。但这并不意味着野心已经穷途末路，人们已不再感受到它对人们的激励了，只是人们不再公开的以它为荣，也不敢坦然承认。这样，就产生了一些不良后果：或者野心被赶入地下，或者暗藏于胸。因此现在的情况是：左边是悲愤的批评家，右边是愚蠢的支持者，而居中的通常是大多数认真而努力追求成功的人。
三、 考研核心词汇
ambition / Am5biFEn / n. 野心, 雄心
[例] Her ambition was to be a famous singer.
她的理想是成为著名的歌唱家。
[同义] longing
[派生] ambitious / Am5biFEs / adj. 有雄心的, 野心勃勃的
reward / ri5wC:d / n. 报酬, 奖金 vt. 酬劳, 奖赏
[例] a reward of $900 for catching the criminal 因抓获罪犯而得900美元酬金
[同义] award, compensate, pay, remunerate
[反义] punish / 5pQniF / vt. 惩罚, 处罚
punishment / 5pQniFmEnt / n. 惩罚, 处罚, 惩处
[派生] rewardful / rI`wR:df?l / adj. 有报酬的, 有酬劳的
destiny / 5destini / n. 命运, 定数
[例] a master of one\'s own destiny 掌握自己的命 运的人
[同义] fate, lot, fortune
[派生] destine / 5destin / vt. 注定, 预定
deem / di:m / v. 认为, 相信
[例] He deemed it his duty to help. 他认为助人是他的责任。
[同义] assume, believe, consider, judge, regard, suppose
[固定搭配] deem highly of 对...给予高度的评价
vitality / vai5tAliti / n. 活力, 生命力, 生动性
[例] plants that lost their vitality when badly pruned.
被修剪坏后丧失生命力的植物
[同义] energy, might, potency, power, stamina, strength, vigor
[派生] vital / 5vaitl / adj. 生死攸关的, 重大的, 生命的, 生机的, 至关重要的, 所必需的
ideal / ai5diEl / n. 理想 adj. 1理想的, 完美的2想象的, 观念的3唯心论的
[例] This dictionary is ideal — it\'s exactly what I needed.
这本词典很理想，正是我所需要的。
[同义] faultless, flawless, model, perfect
[反义] real / 5ri:El / adj. 真的, 真实的, 不动产的
[派生] idealism / ai5diElizm / n. 理想主义, 唯心论
idealist / ai5diElist / n. 理想主义者 adj. 唯心主义的
hypocrisy / hi5pCkrEsi / n. 伪善
[例] These policies are viewed by most of the world as hypocrisy.
这些政策被世界上大部分人认为是虚伪的。
[派生] hypocrite / 5hipEkrit / n. 伪君子, 伪善者
hypocritical / 7hipE5kritikEl adj. 伪善的, 伪善者的
barn / bB:n / n. 1[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍2机器房
[例] He lived in a barn of a country house . 他住在一个空荡荡的农屋里
brand / brAnd / n. 1商标, 牌子2烙印 vt. 打火印, 污辱
[例] These cattle have my brand on them.
这些牛身上都有我打的烙印。
[同义] burn, kind, label, mark, sort, stamp, tag, type
confess / kEn5fes / v. 承认, 坦白, 忏悔
[例] Mr Foster confessed that he\'d broken the speed limit.
福斯特先生承认自己超速了。
[同义] acknowledge, admit, consent
[反义] conceal / kEn5si:l / vt. 隐藏, 隐蔽 v. 隐蔽
[派生] confession / kEn5feFEn / n. 供认, 承认, 招供
lest / lest / conj. 唯恐, 以免, 免得, (用于fear, be afraid之后, 等于that)
[例] I was afraid lest he might come too late. 我怕他来得太晚。
acquisitive / E5kwizitiv / adj. 想获得的, 有获得可能性的, 可学到的
[例] In an acquisitive society the form that selfishness predominantly takes is monetary greed.
在一个贪婪的社会里, 贪财是自私自利的突出表现形式。
[派生] acquisitively / E5kwizitivli / adv. 贪得无厌地, 能获得并保留地
acquire / E5kwaiE / vt. 获得, 学到
vulgar / 5vQl^E(r) / adj. 1粗俗的, 庸俗的2普通的, 通俗的3本土的
n. <古>平民, 百姓
[例] the huge vulgar houses and cars of the newly rich.
新富的巨大且庸俗的房子和车子
[同义] coarse, common, crass, crude, filthy, foul, improper, indecent, nasty
[反义] decent / 5di:snt / adj. 正派的, 端庄的, 有分寸的, (服装)得体的, 大方的 adj. <口>相当好的、象样的
[派生] vulgarity / vQl5^ArItI / n. 粗俗, 粗俗语, 粗野行为
spectacle / 5spektEkl / n. 1观览物, 展览物2公开展示3奇观, 景象, 光景, (a pair of ～s)眼镜
[例] I cannot see things through your spectacles. 我的看法和你的不一样。
[同义] display, exhibition, pageant, show, sight
[派生] spectate / 5spekteit / vi. 出席观看
ample / 5Ampl / adj. 充足的, 丰富的
[例] We have ample money for the journey.
我们有足够的钱去旅游。
[同义] abundant, enough, full, large, plenty, sufficient
[反义] insufficient / 7insE5fiFEnt / adj. 不足的, 不够的 n. 不足
scanty / 5skAnti / adj. 缺乏的,不足的,稀疏的,俭省的,不充足的
materialism / mE5tiEriElizEm / n. 唯物主义
[例] Crass materialism causes people to forget spiritual values.
极端唯物主义使人忘掉精神价值。
[反义] idealism / ai5diElizm / n. 理想主义, 唯心论
[派生] materialist / mE5tiEriElist / n. 唯物主义者
materialistic / mE7tiEriE5listik / adj. 唯物论的, 唯物主义的
participatory / pB:`tIsIpeItErI,pE- / adj. 供人分享的
[例] participate in profits 分享利润
[派生] participator / pB:`tIsIpeItE(r),pE- / n. 参与者, 合作者
participate / pB:5tisipeit / vi. 参与, 参加, 分享, 分担
participation / pB:7tisi5peiFEn / n. 分享, 参与
enroll / In5rEJl / v. [亦作enrol] 登记, 使入伍(或入会、入学等), 参加, 成为成员
[例] We enrolled in the army. 我们登记入伍了
[同义] draft, enlist, induct, join, list, record, recruit, register, write
[派生] enrollment / in5rEulmEnt / n. 1登记, 注册2 入伍, 入会, 入学
formulation / 7fC:mju5leiFEn / n. 1用公式表示2明确地表达3作简洁陈述
[例] chemical formulation 化学(式)表示
[派生] formulate / 5fC:mjuleit / vt. 用公式表示, 明确地表达, 作简洁陈述
v. 阐明
angle / 5AN^l / n. [数]角, 角落 vi. 钓鱼, 追逐
[例] to consider all angles of the question 考虑这个问题的各方面
stirring / 5stE:riN / adj. 1激动人心的2活跃的, 忙碌的
[例] the stirring struggle 惊心动魄的斗争
[派生] stir / stE: / n.1轰动2搅动3监牢 vt.1移动, 摇动2激起3搅和, 惹起
vi. 1走动2传播, 流行
prompting / 5prCmptiN / n. 1促进, 激励2提示
[例] under the promptings of sb. [sth.] 在某人[某事]的激励下
[派生] prompt / prCmpt / n. 提示, 付款期限
vt. 提示, 鼓动, 促使, (给演员)提白
adj. 敏捷的, 迅速的, 即时的
adv. 准时地
n. DOS命令：改变DOS系统提示符的风格
profess / prE5fes / v. 表示
[例] A modest scholar never professed to have exhausted his subject.
一个谦虚的学者从不自称对自己研究的课题已经作了详尽无遗的研究。
[同义] allege, claim, contend, maintain
[反义] suppress / sE5pres / vt. 镇压, 抑制, 查禁, 使止住
[派生] professed / prE5fest / adj. 公开声称的, 伪称的, 已立誓信教的
profession / prE5feFEn / n. 职业, 专业, 表白, 宣布
earnest / 5E:nist / adj. 1认真的2 热心的3重要的n.1真挚2定金3认真4热心
[例] As an earnest of my good intentions I will reconsider your request.
我一定重新考虑你的请求以表示我的诚意。
[同义] decided, determined, devoted, resolute, serious, sincere
[反义] idle / 5aidl / adj.1空闲的2懒惰的3停顿的4无用的, 无价值的
vi. 1不做事, 游手好闲, (机器)空转2虚度, 闲散
vt.虚度, 使空闲, 使空转
indolent / 5indElEnt / adj. 1懒惰的2不痛的
lazy / 5leizi / adj. 懒惰的, 懒散的
[派生] earnestly / 5E:nistli / adv. 认真地, 诚挚地
四、 强化练习
1. I cannot guarantee we will win, though that is our __________, but failure for me would be not playing good football against all our opponents.
A. ambition B. fatigue C. weakness D. repression
2. Three young surfers swam out to him and brought him to shore. He wanted to _________them, and asked what they would like.
A. compensate B. comply C. reward D. compile
3. Every product has its own life-circle, and no one can escape the _________. So when is the end of the crazing growth of IT industry?
A. defeat B. destiny C. failure D. reproach
4. Now, the BOC tower is a symbolic of strength, _________ and growth, representing also the Bank’s commitment to the rapid development of Hong Kong and to servicing the community.
A. vicious B. scandal C. hedge D. vitality
5. Mixing eight parts sand to one part water provides the __________ building material, according to the American researchers.
A. fault B. gloomy C. ideal D. glamour
6. In 1995, the Feicheng peach was commented for \"the hometown of Chinese Buddha peach \"by the State Agriculture Department, appraised as the famous-_________ product on the International Agricultural Fair in 2001
A. band B. brand C. bond D. bunch
7. We have opened an observation post near the site for tourists so that visitors can observe this natural __________ ,\" he said
A. disclosure B. discipline C. diploma D. spectacle
8. Our project must proceed at a reasonably quick tempo. Surely one month is _________ time, isn\'t it?
A. ample B. bold C. array D. approach
9. Thompson said parents of students who_______ in the schools sign contracts governing student behavior, including responsible Internet use.
A. encounter B. arouse C. enroll D. appeal
10. \"If I could pick the top 25 per cent of cows in my________ and make sure they have heifers every year, that would be a significant production advantage,\" said Hall, a director with the Dairy Farmers of Canada .
A. barn B. furnish C. fury D. gap
答案：ACBDC BDACA
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