北京大学2005新闻学传播学中外文化综合知识考研试题

北京大学2005新闻学传播学中外文化综合知识考研试题
招生专业：新闻学，传播学
研究方向：国际新闻，国际传播与文化交流
说明：答题一律写在答题纸上（含填空题、选择题等客观题），写在此页上无效
I. Explain the following terms briefly in English：（30 points）
1. Impressionism(in arts)
2. Frankenstein(as a figure)
3. The Enlightnment
4. Guglielmo Maroni
5. E-Commerce
6. Nielsen sample(as in media research)
7. Deduction
8. D-Day
9. DNA
10. Odyssey
II. Give the full name of these terms：(10 points)
1. FCC
2. AIDS
3. HDTV
4. EQ
5. .B.C
III. Translate the following into English (25 points)
齐威王召即墨大夫，语之曰：“自子之居即墨也，毁言日至。然吾使人视即墨，田野辟，人民给，官无事，东方以宁；是子不事吾左右以求助也！”封之万家。召阿大夫，语之曰：“自子收阿，誉言日至。吾使人视阿，田野不辟，人民贫馁。昔日赵攻yan，子不救；卫取薛陵，子不知；是子厚币事吾左右以求誉也！”是日，烹阿大夫及左右尝誉者。于是群臣耸惧，莫敢布诈，务尽其情，齐国大治，强于天下。
《通鉴》卷1
IV. Translate thefollowing into English (25 points)
批评家应该怎么样帮助张艺谋
欧美票房大卖之后，《英雄》和《十面埋伏》就成了国内批评界无法回避，又难以下咽的棘手难题。两部影片的共同的苍白和空洞，在中国的批评语境中有着不言自明的“原罪”。而欧美等海外观众的追捧，却给这种不证自明的评价体系和评价方式，提出了不得不考虑的另一个角度。
《英雄》和《十面埋伏》在国内外、圈内外反差巨大的评价，也绝非艺术与商业之争那么简单。张艺谋在国内外、圈内外之间如此不能两全，除了造成他自己的创作处于尴尬和分裂的状态之外，更证明了在国内外、圈内外的电影观念和审美标准之间，存在着多么巨大的差异。这样的差异不但给张艺谋带来尴尬，其实也一直是中国电影人的普遍困惑。批评家若能为这种差异找到真正的成因，将为包括张艺谋在内的中国电影人提供巨大的帮助。
（摘自《北京青年报》2004年11月11日张天蔚/文）
V. Writing （choose 2 topics,30 points each）
1. Finish the essay in about 300 words
For those as yet unfamiliar with the terms Voice Messaging System or Touch-Tone-Response System, they refer to those irritating and impersonal menu options one receives with a call to almost any toll-free number and an increasing number of institutions. You know the ones,” … for the option even minutely resembling your inquiry, press 73.” As annoyingly comic as these systems may seem, they are representative of a dangerous trend in the reduction of basic human interaction under the guise of efficiency and progress.
… …
2. Finish the essay in about 300 words:
We often assume that anyone who knows two languages can be a translator or an interpreter. Research shows, however, that high levels of fluency in two languages do not necessarily make someone a good translator, or interpreter. The task obviously requires the knowledge of two languages, but that’s not enough.
… …
3. Write a short essay, using the following outline：(within 400 words)
What is Communication?
1. Communication is a process, not a product;
2. Communication is a set of constructed meanings;
3. Communication involves the use of shared symbols;
4. Communication is both verbal and nonverbal.