British literature

→a vivid portrayal of the hero Gawain and a fine analysis of his psychology
       →a well unified and exciting plot full of climaxes and surprises
       →The three hunting scenes and the three bedchamber scenes are closely related with each other. The deer is a mild and gentle animal, and so is Gawain on the first day. The boar is not so mild as deer. And this is true of Gawain. Then finally, the fox is a cunning animal, so is Gawain as he takes the belt from the hostess in order to protect his own life. Thus he violates the chivalric code of honesty.
       →As for the introduction of supernatural elements as an inevitable limitation of the Middle Ages, the poem carried out rather for adventure’ sake than any true worthy cause.
       →“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” which is a mixture of Anglo-Saxon poetry, ( It belongs to the Alliterative Revival of the later half of the 14th century.)   combines alliterative (musical effect of which depends on the alliterative initial syllables) and metrical ( the effect of which depends on the fixed number of accented and unaccented syllables) verse, the unique stanza called “bob and wheel”
       →the simple straightforward language employed
    Bob→Paragraphs of long alliterative lines of varying length are followed by a single line of two syllables.
    Wheel→a group of 4-stressed lines forming the concluding part of a stanza, rhyming ababa
    Alliterative Revival→a term covering the group of late 14th century English poems in an alliterative meter similar to that of Old English verse but less regular (notably in Langland’s “Piers Plowman” and some times in the anonymous “pearl” and “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”)

Section 3 Drama
I.        Overview
1.        the development of science (light) and the revival of drama
2.        social dramas
3.        the renaissance of Irish dramas
4.        the poetic drama
5.        different schools of drama

II.        George Bernard Shaw
1.        life
2.        works
(1)        Widower’s Houses
(2)        Man and Superman
(3)        Major Barbara
(4)        Pygmalion
(5)        Heartbreak House
(6)        Mrs. Warren’s Profession
(7)        The Apple Cart
(8)        Saint Joan
3.        point of view
(1)        Shaw was very much impressed by the Norwegian dramatist Ibsen.
(2)        He opposed the idea of “art for art’s sake”, maintaining that “the theatre must turn from the drama of romance and sensuality to the drama of edification”.
(3)        He sought from the beginning to expose the hypocrisy, stupidity, and conventionality of the English way of life as he saw it with a rich wit and lively sense of comedy.
(4)        His heroes and heroines are always unheroic, unromantic, common sense people, and he used them to convey ideas.
4.        style
(1)        Shaw is a critical realist writer. His plays bitterly criticize and attack English bourgeois society.
(2)        His plays deal with contemporary social problems. He portrays his situations frankly and honestly, intending to shock his audiences with a new view of society.
(3)        He is a humorist and manages to produce amusing and laughable situations.

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