Cross-national prevalence and correlates of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
成人ADHD的跨国家流行学和相互关系
摘要:
Background
Little is known about the epidemiology of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Aims To estimate the prevalence and correlates of DSM-IV adult ADHD in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Survey Initiative.
Method
An ADHD screen was administered to respondents aged 18-44 years in ten countries in the Americas, Europe and the Middle East (n=11422). Masked clinical reappraisal interviews were administered to 154 US respondents to calibrate the screen. Multiple imputation was used to estimate prevalence and correlates based on the assumption of cross-national calibration comparability.
Results
Estimates of ADHD prevalence averaged 3.4% (range 1.2-7.3%), with lower prevalence in lower-income countries (1.9%) compared with higher-income countries (4.2%). Adult ADHD often co-occurs with other DSM-IV disorders and is associated with considerable role disability. Few cases are treated for ADHD, but in many cases treatment is given for comorbid disorders.
Conclusions
Adult ADHD should be considered more seriously in future epidemiological and clinical studies than is currently the case.
| | 文献类型: Article | | 语言: English | | KeyWords Plus: WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION; COMORBIDITY SURVEY REPLICATION; DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; MENTAL-DISORDERS; SELF-RATINGS; ADHD; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSIS | | 通讯作者地址: Fayyad, J (通讯作者), Balamand Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Clin Psychol, IDRAAC,St George Hosp Univ, POB 166378, Beirut 11002807, Lebanon | 地址:
1. Balamand Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Clin Psychol, IDRAAC,St George Hosp Univ, Beirut 11002807, Lebanon
2. Netherlands Inst Mental Hlth & Addict, Utrecht, Netherlands
3. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA
4. Inst Municipal Invest Med, Hlth Serv Res Unit, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
5. Univ Leipzig, Dept Psychiat, D-7010 Leipzig, Germany
6. AUSL Bologna, Dept Mental Hlth, Bologna, Italy
7. Fdn San Joan de Deu, Sant Joan de Deu SSM, Barcelona, Spain
8. Univ Autonoma Metropolitana, Inst Nacl Psiquiatria, Mexico City, DF Mexico
9. Hosp Fernand Widal, Paris, France
10. Univ Groningen, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Groningen, Netherlands
11. Univ Groningen, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Bioinformat, Groningen, Netherlands
12. Colegio Mayor Cundinamarca Univ, Saldarriaga Concha Fdn, Bogota, Colombia
13. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Care Policy, Boston, MA 02115 USA | | 电子邮件地址: jfayyad@idraac.org | | 出版商: ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS, BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND | | 学科类别: Psychiatry | | IDS 号: 166LP | | ISSN: 0007-1250 | | DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.034389 |
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