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career （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［n.］ ［C］ ① 职业，专业，事业 ［近occupation, profession, trade, vocation］
② the period of time in ones life that one spends doing a particular activity职业生涯，经历［近life, experience］
［v.］［I］ ③ to move forward very quickly and often without control（常指失控地）猛冲，疾驰 ［+ad./prep.］ ［近dash, spin, tear, leap］
［词汇扩充］
Ⅰ careerist n. 事业狂，野心家
Ⅱ careerism n.视事业重于一切的观点、想法；野心，追名逐利
［真题例句］
1②. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. 与孩子谈论一下你的职业生涯中的乐趣以及存在的问题，并鼓励他为自己的未来做一些打算。（2007 阅读Part B）
［外刊例句］
1①. How did he manage to nail down a career as a footballer?他是如何设法从事足球运动员这个职业的？（2002 The Guardian）
2③. He had only an instant to react as the car careered toward his daughter.当车冲向他的女儿时他只有片刻的反应时间。（2008 Chicago Tribune）
cargo （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［n.］ ［C, U］ ［复数~es/~s］ the goods carried in a ship, plane, truck, etc.（船、飞机、卡车等装载的）（一批）货物 ［近freight, goods］
carrier （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［n.］ ［C］① 搬运人；运输公司；运输工具，运输舰，航空母舰；（自行车等的）载物架 ［近transporter, conveyance, vehicle］
② a person or thing that passes a disease to others but does not suffer from it（指传播疾病而自身却不受其害的）带菌者，带病毒者；传染病的媒介
［真题例句］
1①.Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.到明年，一系列合并活动完成之后，仅四家铁路公司将控制主要铁路运输公司货运业务的90%以上。（2003阅读Text 3）
2②. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture, adjusting to New World circumstances.但是为了与我们对美国南部地区精神生活的考察相一致，我们可以将这些最初的清教徒移民视为欧洲文明的携带者，他们在适应新大陆的环境。（2009阅读Text 4）
carry （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［v.］［T］ ① to take sb/sth from one place to another拿，搬，提，扛，背，抱，运送 ［近convey, transport］
② to contain and direct the flow of sth输送，传输
③ to spread a disease传播，传染（疾病）［近spread, transmit］
④ to take sb/sth to a particular point or in a particular direction 向……前进，推进到 ［+sb/sth to/into sth］［近pass, propel, drive］
⑤ ［常用被动］ to approve of sth by more people voting for it than against it （决议等以票数多出）获得通过［近pass］
⑥ to win the support or sympathy of sb; to persuade people to accept your argument赢得……支持或同情，劝说……接受观点 ［近push］
⑦ to support the weight of sb/sth支撑，承载 ［近bear, hold, sustain］
⑧ to be pregnant with a child怀孕［近conceive］
⑨ to hold or move your head or body in a particular way保持姿态，做姿势［+oneself+ ad./prep.］ ［近behave, pose, bear］
⑩ to be able to remember sth 能记住［+sth in your head/mind］
○11 to accept responsibility or to suffer the results承担（责任），承受（结果）［近undertake, assume, accept, bear, shoulder, suffer, endure］
○12 to have sth with you and take it wherever you go; to have a label or piece of information attached携带，佩带［近bring, take］；贴有（标签），附带有（信息）［近attach］
○13 to have sth as a quality or feature; to have sth as a result 具有（某品质或特点）［近possess, have, take on, be endowed with］；带有或带来（某种结果、后果）
○14 (of a newspaper or broadcast) to print or broadcast a piece of news, etc.; (of a shop) to have a supply of sth for sale（报纸、广播等）刊登，报道［近publish, release, issue］；（商店）出售［近stock］
［v.］［I］○15（of a sound or smell）to travel a long distance（声音、气味等）传得很远 ［近transmit］
［词义串联］
“从一端到另一端”派生的含义：搬，提，运送→输送，传送→传播，传染（疾病）→（抽象）将……带到某个位置，推进到→（决议等从提出机构到批准机构）获得通过→（观点从提出者到接受者）赢得支持或同情
从“承受重量”派生的含义：①（承载婴儿的重量）怀孕→（承受自己身体的重量）保持姿态，做姿势→（大脑承受的内容）能记忆→承担（责任、结果等） ②携带，佩带（物品）；附带着标签或其他信息→带有（品质或特点）；带有或带来（某种结果）→（报纸、广播）刊登，报道；（商店有某种货物）出售
［短语搭配］
be/get carried away：to get very excited or lose control of your feelings 变得很激动，失去自制力，忘乎所以
carry sth off：a. to win sth赢得，获得b. to do sth difficult successfully成功地完成（困难的事）
carry on：a. to continue moving继续行进 b. to continue doing sth继续做，坚持干［+(with) sth，+doing sth］ c. to argue or complain noisily争吵，吵闹，大声抱怨
carry sth out：to do sth that you have promised to do or have been asked to do履行，执行，实施
carry over：a. to continue to exist in a different situation（情况变化时）继续存在，保持下去b. to delay sth until a later time延迟，延期 ［+sth until］
carry sb/sth through (sth)：a. to complete sth successfully 成功完成，顺利实现 b. to help sb to survive a difficult period帮助某人渡过难关
［真题例句］
1②. They are carried to all parts of the growing plant and are built into essential plant materials while in a dissolved state. 当处于溶解状态时，它们被输送到生长植物的各个部分并被转化吸收为基本的元素。（1991 阅读Text 3）
2⑩. Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads. 俄罗斯人深爱自己的语言，并能记住大段大段的诗歌。（2005阅读Text 4）
3○12. Today, stepladders carry labels several inches long that warn, among other things, that you might—surprise!—fall off. 如今，活梯上贴着几英寸长的警告标签，除了其他警告事项外，还警告你可能会摔下来，简直是莫名其妙！（1999阅读 Text 1）
4○13. The Supreme Courts decisions on physicianassisted suicide carry important implications for ...最高法院关于医生协助病人自杀问题的裁决，对于……具有重要的意义。（2002阅读 Text 4）
5○13. The things that bring the greatest joy carry the greatest potential for loss and disappointment. 带来最大快乐的东西也最有可能带来损失和失望。（2006阅读 Text 4）
6○14. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.除非银行以能够吸引买家的价钱出售有毒资产，否则，复苏银行系统将会十分困难。（2010阅读Text 4）
7. If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate... 假如科学实验像科学杂志报告显示的那样完全按事先的计划去规划和实施……（1999阅读 Text 5）
［外刊例句］
1③. They can also ensure that the offspring do not carry genetic disease.它们也能保证后代不会传染遗传性疾病。（2002 Nature）
2④. His faith in the baseball patron has carried him to the top of the heap.他对棒球赞助人的信心使他处在了棒球俱乐部的顶层。（2002 The New York Times）
3⑤. The resolution was carried by 279 votes to 269.这项决议以279票对269票获得通过。（2004 Oxford Journals）
4⑥. He is an intelligent director, who knows how to carry his audience along with him.他是一个聪明的导演，知道如何赢得观众的支持。（2004 The Telegraph）
5⑦. Most of the major roads carry heavy freight traffic and have a number of sharp bends.大部分的主路承载繁重的货运，而且有很多急转弯路口。(2008 Travel Advices)
6⑨. She should be having an attractive personality and ability to carry herself confidently.她应该具有迷人的个性和能力使自己举止自信。（2005 Time Our）
7○11. As witnesses to evil in the past, we carry a solemn responsibility to take these words seriously.作为过去罪恶的见证人，我们肩负有庄严的责任来认真地对待这些话。（2008 The Christian Science Monitor）
8○14. Discount stores usually carry only the most wellknown brands.折扣店通常只销售最知名的品牌。（2007 Bizrate）
9. The Queen never got carried away for one instant by American flattery.女王从未因为美国人的奉承而不能自持。（2007 The Times）
10. If youre wondering how to carry off this years styles, make a start with your handbag.如果你正在考虑如何跟上今年的流行式样，那么就从手提包开始吧！（2008 The Daily Mail）
11. Youre only doing your argument disservice by shouting and carrying on like that.你这样大吵大闹对你的辩论极为不利。（2007 Daytrotter）
12. The momentum should carry over into next year unless global growth slowed.只要全球增长不减缓，这股势头将延续到明年。（2006 International Herald Tribune）
13. His strength and courage will continue to carry him through the difficult season.他的力量与勇气将帮助他度过这个艰难的赛季。（2007 The Guardian）
cart （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［n.］ ① ［C］(二轮或四轮)运货马车［近carriage］；手推车，手拉车［近trolley］
［v.］［T］ ［+sth/sb+ad./prep.］ ② to carry sth in a cart or other vehicle 用（马）车运送 ［近carry, transport, convey］
③ to carry sth that is large, heavy or awkward, usu. in your hands (通常用手)提，搬运（笨重物品） ［近handle］
④ to take sb somewhere, esp. with difficulty 强行带走，抓走［近take, catch］
［短语搭配］
put the cart before the horse：to put or do things in the wrong order 本末倒置，前后颠倒
［真题例句］
1①. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear. 1904年一项马在后面的马车专利甚至就预示了大众后置发动机汽车的诞生。 （1993阅读Text 3）
［外刊例句］
1②. The vacant apartments were full of refuse that had not been carted away.空着的公寓里堆满了还没有被运走的垃圾。（2007 The New York Times）
2③. He carted the heavy bag around everywhere.他提着沉重的包到处走。（2008 U.S.News）
3④. When a neighbors teenage son was carted away, never to be seen again, people would mutter: “It must be for some good reason”.当邻居家十几岁的儿子被强行带走，再也没见到后，人们会窃窃私语：“肯定有什么特别的原因”。（2001 Businessweek）
charge （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［v.］ ① ［I,T］to ask an amount of money for goods or a service;to record the cost of sth on sbs account收费，要价［+(sb/sth) for sth,+(sb)sth(for sth)］；记在某人账上［+sth to sth］
② ［T］to accuse sb officially or publicly of a crime or of doing sth wrong or bad 控告，指控，起诉；(公开)指责，责备［+sb with］ ［近denounce, accuse, blame, criticize］
③ ［T］［常用被动］ to give sb a responsibility or task赋予……职责或任务，使……承担责任［+sb with sth］
④ ［T］to fill sb/sth with an emotion使……充满情绪［+sth/sb (with sth)］ ［近freight］
⑤ ［I,T］(使)充电 ［+(sth)(up)］
⑥ ［I］ to rush forward and attack sb/sth, to rush in a particular direction猛攻，猛冲，冲锋；向…方向冲去［+ad./prep.］［近rush, attack, hurry］
［n.］ ⑦ ［C,U］ 要价，收费［+(for)］ ［近fee, cost, expense, rate］；记账
⑧ ［C］指控，控告，罪名；指责，批评，责备［+against sb/sth，+of sth，on a+］ ［近accusation, denouncement, denunciation, criticism, blame］
⑨ ［U,C］ a position of having control over sb/sth or responsibility for sb/sth; a task or duty; sb that you are responsible for and looking after负责，掌管；责任，任务［近supervision, overseeing, care, control, command; responsibility, duty, obligation, commitment］；被照管的人
⑩ ［U］ the power to cause strong feelings 感染力，震撼力
○11 ［U,C］ 电荷，充电量
○12 ［C］ a sudden rush or violent attack突然猛冲，猛攻［近rush, attack］
［词义串联］
①从“承受重量、装载”的含义衍生出：（使承担费用）收费，要价→（使某人承受谴责）指控，起诉；指责，谴责→使承担责任→使……充满情绪→使充电 ②从“跑”的含义衍生出：“猛冲，猛攻”
［词汇扩充］
Ⅰ chargeable a. 应支付的［+to］；应征税的；可能被指控的
Ⅱ charged a. 引起强烈感情的，气氛紧张的
Ⅲ charger n. 充电器；军马，战马
［真题例句］
1①. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers 20 to 30 percent more than they do when another railroad is competing for the business.通常，铁路公司对这些“受牵制的”托运商的收费要比存在另一家铁路公司竞争时高出20%至30%。（2003阅读Text 3）
2③. He has not been charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of those problems他承担的任务只不过是研究这些问题的事实层面。（2006翻译）
3⑧. On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics.另一方面，他认为某些人的批评是缺乏根据的。（2008翻译）
［外刊例句］
1②. At least 400 have been formally arrested—the rough equivalent of being charged with offences.至少400人被正式逮捕——与因犯罪而被起诉的人数差不多。（2008 The Daily Telegraph）
2④. The narrator in the novel is highly charged with hate, irony, humor, etc.小说中的叙述者充满了强烈的仇恨、讽刺和幽默。（2004 Ohiolink）
3⑨. Singapores Asian neighbours increasingly took charge of their own trade.与新加坡相邻的亚洲国家日益趋向于掌管自己的贸易。（2007 Economist）
4⑩. Even many talented journalists get an emotional charge out of reading their own writing.甚至连许多有才华的记者读自己的文稿也会被感染。（2008 Dailykos）
discharge （因网站显示原因，本处音标从略）
［英汉双解］
［v.］① ［T］ to unload goods or passengers from a ship, plane, etc.卸（货）；让（乘客）下船、飞机等 ［近unload］
② ［T］［常用被动］ to officially allow a person to go or send them away正式准许离开（尤指出院或退役等）；释放；遣散；解雇 ［+sb (from sth)］ ［近release, relieve, fire, dismiss］
③ ［I,T］to send out gas, liquid, smoke, electricity, etc.; (of gas, liquid, etc.) to flow somewhere; to fire a gun, etc.排出，放出（气体、液体、烟、电等）［+(sth) (into sth)］ ［近pour, exhaust, outpour, ourflow］;开（枪、炮），射（箭）［fire, shoot］
④ ［T］ to do properly everything that is part of a particular duty, etc.尽（职），完成，履行［近perform, execute, accomplish, achieve, fulfill］
［n.］ ⑤ ［U，C］ the action of allowing or telling sb to leave 获准离开；免职；出院；退伍；遣散 ［+from］ ［近release, dismissal］
⑥ ［U，C］ 排放（物），流出（物）；放电 ［+of］
⑦ ［U］履行，执行;(债务的)清偿［+of］ ［近execution］
［词义串联］
①从“不再承载” 派生出的含义：卸（货）；让（乘客）下船、飞机；正式准许离开，遣散；解雇；排出，放出。②从charge“责任，任务”的含义派生出“完成，履行（职责，任务）”。
［外刊例句］
1②. He caught pneumonia drilling in the rain and was promptly discharged from the Army. 他在雨中操练时感染了肺炎，于是很快退伍了。（2005 Time）
2④. Neither the CIA nor its officers discharged “their responsibilities in a satisfactory manner.” 中央情报局和它的官员们都没有“令人满意地履行他们的职责”。（2007 USA Today）
3⑥. The discharge of chemical waste into waterways has declined. 向水道里排放的化学废料减少了。（2008 Nature）
词根car配套视频精讲预览：http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_XMTU4ODM1MTU2.html
[ 本帖最后由 peterzjf 于 2010-3-22 16:11 编辑 ] |
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