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2013年考研英语写作应急策略综述

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沈阳XDF77 发表于 13-5-2 17:53:11 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
一、换用笼统词          词大体可分为两类:笼统词和具体词。笼统词的特点在于意义广泛、搭配性强。虽然它们独自不能精确表达一个动作,但在构成词组以后可替代很多具体词。写作中遇到一些具体词写不出来的时候,用笼统词取代,能收到异曲同工之妙。最常用的笼统词有 have,take等。          例:迈克经历了一个极其艰苦的时代。Mike experienced a terrible hard time.写作时,若忘记了experience可用笼统词have代替,写成Mike had a terrible hard time.同样能收到预期效果。这样的例子还很多。如:          Do you understand my meaning, sir? = Do you take my meaning, sir?          I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.          I will subscribe to the local newspaper. = I will take the local newspaper.          They occupied the city. = They took the city.          The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.          从以上的例句不难看出,具体词音节较多,使用频率不高,容易遗忘,而笼统词则不然。因此,在作文应试中,笼统词取代具体词,不失为一种应急良策。          
二、换用同义词、反义词等相关词汇          遇到未曾学过的词或一时想不起的词时,可采用发散性思维,发挥想象力,尽可能想出与之有关的同义词、反义词,利用语言的内在联系、多层次、多角度地运用语言,使单词受阻现象得以解决。          例:昨晚李雷做了一场恶梦。          Li Lei had a nightmare last night.因nightmare使用率不高,不易记住。但其同义词bad dream易记。上句可换译为:Li Lei had a bad dream last night.          再如:The food is tasty.=The food is nice toeat.=The food is delicious.          We discontinued the work at nine.=We stopped the work at nine.          This woman is talkative.=This woman is never quiet.          This car is expensive.=This car is not cheap.          另外:          He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.          The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food is nice to eat.          They discontinued the work at five. = They stopped the work at five.          His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.          英语语言中词与词之间是有联系的,词与词之间语义的“共核”现象即所谓的同义词。丰富的同义词给我们提供了极大的方便。          同样,用其反义词来取代某一遗忘了的词也是可行的,请看下面的例子:          He is stubborn. = He is not tame.          The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.          This is expensive. = This is not cheap.          She is talkative. = She is never quiet.         
三、换用迂回表达          当一个词或某些信息表达起来有困难时,要充分利用语言本身词汇丰富、句型多变等特点,进行迂回表达。因为任何一种表达形式,只要能达意便可接受。英语当中多功能解释性语句,就可以起到这一作用。请看下面的句子:
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