Unit 1 ●act, ag=to act做,行动,驱使
●alter改变,转变
●am, amat=to love爱
●anger 愤怒,激怒,使发怒
●ang, eng=angle角
●audi=to hear听
●aug,auc=to increase 增加
●author 作家,著者
●band,bond,bind,bound=to bind捆绑,束缚
●bar=bar横木
●bat=to beat击打
●bell=war 战争
●bio =life生命
act (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[v.] ① [I] to do or behave做事,行动;行为,举止 [近behave]
② [T,I]to pretend by your behavior假装 [+sth/a.] [近pretend, assume, simulate]
③ [T,I]to perform a part in a play or film扮演(戏剧、电影中的)角色 [近perform, play]
④ [I]to perform a particular function;to have an effect on 起作用;有影响 [+as/like sth, +on sth] [近function,serve, work]
[n.] ⑤ [C] a particular thing that sb does行为,动作,举动 [近action]
⑥ [C] a law that has been passed by a parliament(议会通过的)法令,法案 [相关bill“提交议会讨论、尚未通过的法案”]
⑦ [用单数] insincere behavior in which you pretend to have or be sth装模作样 [近pretence]
⑧ [C] one of the main divisions of a play, a show, etc.(戏剧等的)一幕,一段表演 [近performance]
[短语搭配]
act on sth: to take action as a result of advice, information, etc.根据(建议、信息等)行事
act sth out: to show how sth happened by pretending to be the people who were involved in it将……表演出来
in the act (of sth/doing sth):while you are doing sth正在(做某事),当场
[真题例句]
1①. The IASB says it does not want to act without overall planning, but the pressure to fold when it completes its reconstruction of rules later this year
is strong.国际会计标准委员会(IASB)表示,不愿意在没有总体规划的情况下有所行动,但在今年晚些时候完成自身规则的重新修订时,其屈服的压力会非常大。(2010阅读
Text 4)
2④. In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a oneway mirror.在大气中,二氧化碳起着单面透视镜的作用。(1992阅读Text 2)
3⑤. Only a decade earlier, such an act would have required legislative approval in Virginia.而仅仅在那之前十年的弗吉尼亚州,这种行为的实施还要得到立法机关的
批准。(2008阅读Text 4)
4⑥. the Thatcher Governments Broadcasting Act 《撒切尔政府广播法案》(1996阅读Text 2)
5. Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the
community.世界各国政府都依据这样一种假设采取行动,即,本国人民的福利主要依赖于该国经济实力和社会财富。(2000翻译)
[外刊例句]
1②⑦⑤. “I used to act dumb. It was an act. I am 26 years old, and that act is no longer cute,” Hilton said during the call.希尔顿在电话中说,“我过去常常
装哑,这是装模作样,现在我已经26岁了,这样的行为不再可爱了。”(2007 USA Today)
2④. It acts on the nervous system to lower blood pressure.它对神经系统产生影响,使血压降低。(2006 Times)
3. Each young man apparently acted out a scene he had seen in a film. 显然所有年轻人都将他们在电影中看到过的一个情景表演出来。(2003 Newsweek)
4. He was caught in the act of fraud.他行骗时被逮个正着。(2003 Time)
action (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[n.] ① [C, U] the process of doing sth, a thing that sb does行动,行为[近act, deed, behavior]
② [C, U] a legal process to decide whether a person or a company has done sth wrong诉讼,起诉 [近suit]
③ [U] the events in a story, play, ect; exciting events(故事等的)情节;激动人心的事[近plot]
④ [U]the effect that one substance, esp. chemical, has on another作用[+of sth (on sth)][近 effect,function]
[短语搭配]
(put sth)into action: to start making it happen or work实行,实施
a piece/slice of the action: a share or role in an interesting or exciting activity, esp. in order to make money插手,参与(尤指为了赚钱)
[真题例句]
1①. ...suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. 建议根据他掌握的事实和道德方面的信
息采取恰当的行为(2006翻译)
[外刊例句]
1②. There should be immediate legal action against the site.应该立刻起诉该网站。(2008 U.S. News)
2③. The books of thriller writers demand plenty of action.惊悚作家的作品要求情节曲折离奇。(2008 Economist)
3④. Ozone is formed by the action of sunlight on two kinds of pollutants.臭氧是两种污染物在阳光的作用下而产生的。(2008 The New York Times)
4. Its latest profit warning is due to the fact that the company has not been able to put its restructuring plan into action in France.这家公司最近发布盈利
警告是因为它没能在法国实施其重组计划。(2007 International Herald Tribune)
5. With travel and social networking—two of the webs hottest and most profitable properties, investors soon will get a piece of the action.对于网络中旅
游和社交这两大热门的盈利板块,投资者很快会插一手捞好处。(2007 The Guardian)
activate(因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[v.][T] ①to make sth such as a device or chemical process start working使活动,激活[近trigger]
[真题例句]
1①. Stimulants initially speed up or activate the central nervous system.兴奋剂最初加速或激活中枢神经系统。(1997阅读Text 3)
active(因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[a.]① always busy doing sth, involved in activity忙碌的,活跃的,积极的[近dynamic, energetic,vigorous]
② lively and full of ideas(思想上)充满活力的
③ operating in a way that is normal or expected起作用的[近functioning]
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ actively ad. 积极地,活跃地
Ⅱ activist n. 积极分子,活跃分子
[真题例句]
1①. A variety of activities should be organized so that participants can remain active as long as they want ……应当组织各种各样的活动,以便让参加者保持活跃。(2003知识运用)
2③. The brain is as active during REM sleep... as it is when fully awake.快速动眼睡眠中大脑和完全清醒时一样起作用。(2005阅读Text 3)
[外刊例句]
1②. These books explore and promote an active imagination, a needed asset in todays world of television and video games.这些书探讨并激发人们活跃的想象力,这在充斥着电视节目和视频游戏的今天,是人们急需的财富。(2005 U.S. News)
activity(因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[n.]① [C,常用复数] sth that you do for interest or pleasure or to achieve a particular aim(为了兴趣或特定目的进行的)活动[近exercise]
② [U] a situation in which a lot of things are happening or being done 活动,活跃,热闹
[真题例句]
1①. ...enables the casino to track the user s gambling activities使赌场可以跟踪记录持卡者的赌博活动(2006阅读part B)
2②. ...small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots 被地质学家称为热点的互不相连的小火山活动区(1998阅读Text 5)
actual (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[a.] [一般用于名词前] ① used to emphasize sth that is real or exists in fact真实的,实际的[近real, true, authentic]
② used to emphasize the most important part of sth (强调事实最重要的部分)真正的……本身
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ actually ad.(用于强调事实)的确,事实上;(表示想法与事实不一致而惊奇)居然,竟然
Ⅱ actuality n. [U]真实,实际;[C]真实情况,实际情况
[真题例句]
1①. The mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.只要在另一房
间里出现了葡萄(即使并不真的有猴子吃它),都足以引起雌卷尾猴的怨恨。(2005阅读Text 1)
2Ⅰ. These intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.梦这种异
常强烈的精神活动不仅能被驾驭,事实上还可以有意识地加以控制,以帮助我们更好地睡眠和感觉。(2005阅读Text 3)
3Ⅰ. ...some diseases not previously thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections.一些以前被认为不是由细菌引起的疾病竟然也是传染病。(2008知识运用)
[外刊例句]
1②. Fourteen years elapsed between preparation and completion, but the actual construction took only about three years. 从准备到完成共延续了十四年时间,而建造本身只花费了约三年时间。(2005 Topos)
agency (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
① a business that provides information about other businesses and their products, or that provides a particular service服务机构,(尤指)代理机构,经销机构
② a government department that provides a particular service(政府的)专门机构[近branch, department]
[短语搭配]
through the agency of: as a result of the action of sb/sth由于……的作用
[真题例句]
1①. Manpower Inc., with 560 000 workers, is the worlds largest temporary employment agency. 拥有56万雇员的劳务公司是全球最大的临时就业中介机构。(1997知识运用)
2②. a national drug agency一个国家药物机构(2005阅读Part B)
[外刊例句]
1. the frosted matter being transported to lakes through the agency of floating ice这些通过浮冰作用进入湖中的结霜物质(2008 Nature)
agenda (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[n.] ① a list of items to be discussed at a meeting(会议的)议程表,议事日程[on+]
② an organized plan for matters to be attended to日常工作事项; 工作计划
[真题例句]
1②. Our magazines feature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes. And since these messages have an agenda-to lure us to open our wallets-
they make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable. 我们的杂志刊登满面春风的名人和美满幸福的家庭。由于这样的信息都有一项任务——诱使我们打开钱包——从而使“快乐”的概念本身显得虚假。(2006 阅读Text 4)
[外刊例句]
1①. The next item on the agenda is the publicity budget.议程表上的下一项是宣传预算。 (Dictionary)
agent (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[n.] ① a person whose job is to act for or manage the affairs of other people代理人,经纪人[近deputy]
② a person or thing that has an important effect on a situation对事态起重要作用的人、事物[近factor]
[真题例句]
1①. the sites “personal search agent” 网站上的“个人搜索代理”(2004阅读Text 1)
2②. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent of evolution has gone.因为大部分差异是由基因引起的,所以进化的又一个因素消失了。(2000阅读Text 2)
agitate (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[v.] ① [T]to shake or stir a liquid quickly搅动,摇动(液体等)[近stir]
② [I] to argue strongly for sth you want激烈争论,鼓动,煽动[+for/against sth]
③ [T] to make sb feel angry, anxious or nervous使激动,使不安,激怒[近irritate, upset]
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ agitation n. 搅动,摇动;骚动,煽动;焦虑不安,烦乱
Ⅱ agitator n. 煽动者,鼓动者
Ⅲ agitated a.焦虑不安的,激动的
[外刊例句]
1②.A number of MPs have started to agitate for a national strategy to be charted for the labour question, based on targets for reducing reliance on
expatriates. 一些议员鼓吹建立有关劳工的国家策略以减少对于侨民的依赖。(2008 Economist)
2③. It appeared to have agitated him, yet he stayed focus on the truth of the entire matter.这似乎已经激怒了他,但他仍然把注意力集中在整个事件的真相上。
(2008 International Herald Tribune)
exact(因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[v.][T] ① to demand and get sth from sb by using threats, force, etc.要求,索取,强求[+sth (from sb)][近levy]
[a.] ② (of sth) correct in every detail; (of sb) very careful and thorough in what they do(事物)精确的,确切的;(人)严格的,严谨的[近precise,
accurate]
[词义串联]
强求(exact)某人做得很精确(exact)
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ exactly ad. 精确地,确切地;(要求得到更多信息)究竟,到底;(答语,表示赞同或强调正确)一点不错,完全正确
Ⅱ exacting a. 要求严格的
Ⅲ exactitude n. [U] 精确性,准确性
[真题例句]
1②. ...all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanations.对一切现象进行思索并给以精确解释。(1993翻译)
[外刊例句]
1①. Reid also believes that the county must exact more concessions from developers. 瑞德认为郡政府必须迫使开发商作出更多的让步。(2007 The Washington Post)
interact(因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[v.][I] ① to have an effect on each other相互作用,相互影响[+with][近interplay]
② to communicate with sb相互交流,沟通,合作[+with]
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ interaction n.相互作用,相互影响;互动[+with/between]
Ⅱ interactive a. 相互影响的,互动的;人机对话的,交互式的
[真题例句]
1②. With the exception of celebrities like Oprah Winfrey - whose outsize presence is primarily a function of media, not interpersonal, influence - even the
most influential members of a population simply don\'t interact with that many others. 除了像奥普拉·温弗瑞这样的名人——她的庞大存在感主要是媒体影响,而不是人际影响的作用——即使是某个群体中最有影响力的成员也不会同那么多的其他人相互交往。(2010阅读Text 3)
2Ⅰ. ...they have learned criminal behavior through interaction with others.他们受别人影响而学会了犯罪。(2004知识运用)
3Ⅱ. Its an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then Emails them when a matching position is
posted in the database.其特点是互动性,这样访问者可敲入一些和工作标准相关的关键词,如:地点、职位和薪水等等,然后当资料库里贴出了相匹配的职位时,“代理”就会把这些信息用电子邮件发出去。(2004阅读Text 1)
[外刊例句]
1①. social and economic factors interacting to produce a recession社会因素与经济因素相互作用造成经济衰退(Dictionary)
react(因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[v.][I] ① to change or behave in a particular way as a result of or in response to sth(对……)作出反应,回应[+(to sth) (by doing sth)][近respond]② to show dislike or opposition in response to sth反对,反抗[+against sb/sth][近rebel]
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ reaction n. 反应,回应;抗拒,反对,反动
Ⅱ reactive a. 反应的,回应的(而不是原发的)
Ⅲ reactor n. 核反应堆
[真题例句]
1①. The judges on the Federal Circuit are \"reacting to the antipatent trend at the Supreme Court,\" …联邦巡回法院的法官们正在“对最高法院的反专利趋势作出反应”(2010阅读Text 2)
2Ⅰ. ...in America the trend started as a reaction to the economic decline在美国,这种趋势一开始是对经济衰落所做出的一种反应(2001阅读Text 5)
[外刊例句]
1②. Look back to moments of rebellion when young people reacted against the established ideas.回顾年轻人抗拒固有观念的叛逆时期。(2006 The New York Times)
transaction (因网站显示原因,本处音标从略)
[英汉双解]
[n.]① [C] a business deal交易,业务,买卖[+(between A and B)][近deal]
② [U] the process of doing business(业务等的)办理,执行[+ of sth]
[词汇扩充]
Ⅰ transact v.(与人或组织)做业务,做交易[+(sth)(with sb)]
[真题例句]
1①. That ruling produced an explosion in businessmethod patent filings, initially by emerging Internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to
specific types of online transactions.这项裁决带来了商业方法专利归档记录的爆炸式增长,起初是新兴网络公司试图获得对特定在线贸易的独占权。(2010阅读Text 2)
[外刊例句]
1②. Emails sent and received by the employees are considered public records if they contain information related to the transaction of public business.职员发送或接收的邮件如果含有与处理公共事务相关的信息,就被视为公共记录。(2007 The Washington Post)
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[ 本帖最后由 peterzjf 于 2010-3-19 18:08 编辑 ] |