expedition
| 词义 | ① an organized journey with a particular purpose, esp. to find out about a place not well known远征,探险,考察
② the people going on an expedition考察队,探险队
③ a short trip for sth you need or want (短途)出行 |
pedestrian | 词义 | ① a person walking in the street行人,步行者
②[只用于名词前] used by or connected with pedestrians行人(使用)的
③ without any imagination or excitement缺乏想象的,乏味的 |
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compel | 词义 | ① to force sb to do sth; to make sth necessary 强迫,迫使;使必须
② to produce a strong feeling or reaction 引起,激起 |
compulsory | 词义 | that must be done because of a law or a rule(因法律或规则而)必须做的,强制的,强迫的[反voluntary] |
expel | 词义 | ① to officially make sb leave a school or an organization or a country把……开除,除名;驱逐出境;放逐 [+sb/sth (from sth)]
② to force air or water out of a part of the body or from a container;shoot bullets 排出,喷出;发射(子弹等) |
impulse | 词义 | ① a sudden strong wish or need to do sth, without stopping to think about the result 冲动,一时的念头[+ (to do sth),on+]
②(电子学,物理学)动力,冲力,冲量
③
sth that causes sb/sth to do sth or to develop and make progress 推动力,刺激 |
例句 | It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. 对旅行者来说,这不是一个选择的问题;而对当地居民来说也,这也并非是行善的一时冲动。(1997 阅读Text 2) |
propel | 词义 | to move, drive or push sth or cause to move forward or in a particular direction, situation 推动,驱动,迫使 |
pulse
| 词义 | ①脉搏;脉率;(机器产生的光、声音、电的)脉冲;强劲的音乐节拍[近tempo]
② to move, beat or flow with strong regular movements or sounds 搏动,跳动,震动
③ to be full of a feeling such as excitement or energy 洋溢着,充满(激情等) [+with sth] |
repel | 词义 | ① to successfully fight sb who is attacking you, your country, etc and drive them away or to drive sth away 击退,驱逐;驱除,赶走
② to refuse to accept (sb/sth) 拒绝(某人/某事物)
③ to cause a feeling of distaste or disgust in (sb/sth) 使厌恶或反感
④ 排斥,相斥 [反attract] |
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pen | 词义 | ① 笔,钢笔
② a small piece of land surrounded by a fence in which farm animals are kept 圈;畜栏
③ to write sth 写
④ to shut an animal or a person in a small space 把……关起来;把……圈起来[+sb/sth(in/up)] |
penalty | 词义 | ①a punishment for breaking a law, rule or contract 处罚,惩罚[+for sth]
②a disadvantage suffered as a result of sth 害处,不利[+of sth] |
例句 | The current state of affairs may have been encouraged—though not justified—by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage. 美国(而不是欧洲)缺乏对数据泄露的法律制裁虽然并不能说明目前事态是合理的,但却可能助长了其形成。(2007 阅读Text 4) |
punish | 词义 | ① hurt, imprison, fine, etc sb for wrongdoing处罚或惩罚某人 [+sb (for sth) (by/with sth)]
② treat sb roughly, esp. by giving hard blows 粗暴地对待(某人),(尤指)痛打 |
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compensate | 词义 | ① to provide sth good to balance or reduce the bad effects of damage, loss, etc 补偿,弥补 [+(for sth)] [近 make up for]
② to pay sb money because they have suffered some damage, loss, injury, etc 给(某人)赔偿(或赔款) [+sb (for sth)] |
例句 | Luckily, if the doormat or stove failed to warn of coming disaster, a successful lawsuit might compensate you for your troubles. 不过还算幸运的是,如果门垫或炉灶上没有警示语提醒你可能发生的危险,那么一场成功的诉讼或许可以赔偿你所受的伤害。(1999阅读Text 1) |
expenditure | 词义 | ① the total amount of money that a government, organization, or person spends during a particular period of time 花费,消费;费用,开支
② the action of spending or using time, money, energy etc(精力、时间、材料等的)耗费,消耗 |
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independent | 词义 | ① 国家独立的,自主的[+(from/of sth)]
② done or given by sb who is not involved in a situation and so is able to judge it fairly 不相干的人所作的或提供的; 公正的,无偏见的
③ not connected with or influenced by sth; not connected with each other 不相关的;不受影响的 [+(of sb/sth)]
④ supported by private money rather than government money 私营的
⑤ confident and free to do things without needing help from other people 自主的,有主见的[+(of sb/sth)]
⑥ not reliant on the financial support of others 自立的,自食其力的[+(of sb/sth)]
⑦ not representing or belonging to a particular political party 无党派的,独立的
⑧ 无党派议员或候选人等 |
例句 | He is that rare bird, a scientist who works independently of any institution. 他是这么一种特立独行的人:不隶属于任何机构的科学家。(2008知识运用) |
pendulum | 词义 | 钟摆 |
pension | 词义 | ① an amount of money paid regularly by a government or company to sb who is considered to be too old or too ill to work 养老金,退休金,抚恤金
② to allow or force sb to retire and to pay them a pension 准予退休,强迫退休(并发给退休金) [+ sb off] |
ponder | 词义 | to think about sth carefully for a period of time 沉思,考虑,琢磨 [近 consider] [+about/on/over sth] |
例句 | Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, recorder, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines. 智力寻求的是理解、运用、整合和调节,而才智是审视、思考、怀疑、形成理论、批判和想象。(2004阅读 Text 4) |
suspend | 词义 | ① to hang sth from sth else 悬,挂,吊 [+sth/sb (from sth) (by/on sth)]
② to officially stop sth or prevent sb from doing their job, going to school, etc for a time; to prevent sth from being active, used, etc for a time 暂停,中止;使暂时停职或停学[+sb (from sth)];使暂停发挥作用 [近defer, postpone]
③ to officially delay sth延缓,暂缓,推迟
④ to float in liquid or air without moving 悬浮 [be suspended in sth] |
例句 | In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. 在梦中,窗户通向的世界里,逻辑暂时失去了效用,死人开口说话。(2005 阅读Text 3) |
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appetite | 词义 | ①[用单数] physical desire for food食欲,胃口
② a strong desire for sth强烈欲望[+(for sth)] |
impetus | 词义 | ①[单数]sth that encourages a process or activity to develop more quickly动力,促进[+(for sth),+(to sth/to do sth)] [近stimulus]
② the force or energy with which sth moves动量,动力,惯性 |
petition | 词义 | ① to make formal request to sb in authority, esp. by sending a written document signed by a lot of people祈求,请求,请愿[+for/against sth, +sb (for sth), +sb (to do)]
② to formally ask for sth in a court of law(向法庭)请求,申请[+(sb) (for sth)]
③ a written document for petitioning请愿书[+against/for sth]; (法庭的)申诉书,申请书
④ a formal request to sb in authority(向统治者的)请求,(向上帝的)祈求,祈祷 |