中山大学外国语学院638基础英语历年真题及详解

下载地址:http://free.100xuexi.com/Ebook/25809.html
目录                                                                                        封面
内容简介
目录
2013年中山大学外国语学院637基础英语考研真题及详解
2012年中山大学外国语学院632基础英语考研真题及详解
2011年中山大学外国语学院632基础英语考研真题及详解
2010年中山大学外国语学院622基础英语考研真题及详解
2009年中山大学外国语学院628基础英语考研真题及详解
2008年中山大学外国语学院616基础英语考研真题及详解
2007年中山大学外国语学院738基础英语考研真题及详解
2006年中山大学外国语学院348基础英语考研真题及详解
2005年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题
2004年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题
2003年中山大学外国语学院352基础英语考研真题
　　说明：中山大学外国语学院“基础英语”适用于报考该校外国语言文学（英语语言文学方向和外国语言学及应用语言学方向）的考生。中山大学外国语学院“基础英语”的考试科目代码从2003年到2005年为352；从2005年以后，科目代码基本上每年都会变化。本书使用的科目代码是638，为2014年中山大学外国语学院“基础英语”的科目代码。虽然考试科目代号经常发生改变，但考题风格、难度等没有大变化，因此“基础英语”考研真题具有极高的参考价值和较高的指导性，考生应予以重视。
                                                                                                                                                                                                    内容简介                                                                                            
　　考研真题是每个考生复习备考必不可少的资料，而拥有一份权威、正确的参考答案尤为重要，通过研究历年真题能洞悉考试出题难度和题型，了解常考章节与重要考点，能有效指明复习方向。
　　《中山大学外国语学院638基础英语历年真题及详解》完整收录了2003～2013年的11套考研真题。其中2006～2013年的每套真题均给出了详细的答案解析。本书中的解题思路清晰、答案翔实，帮助广大考生在熟练掌握知识点的同时，能够熟练运用各种题型的答题技巧，以提高应试技巧，把握答题节奏，增强自信心，提高考试分数。
　　为保证产品质量，圣才考研网每年均根据当年最新考试要求等对本书进行改版升级，我们一旦对该产品的内容有所修订、完善（如一旦获得最新考研真题，将予以更新上传），系统将提醒学员下载升级，获得最新版本的产品内容。真正做到一次购买，终身使用。
　　圣才考研网（www.100exam.com）提供全国各高校英语类专业考研考博辅导班【一对一辅导（面授/网授）、网授精讲班等】、3D电子书、3D题库（免费下载，免费升级）、全套资料（历年真题及答案、笔记讲义等）、英语类国内外经典教材名师讲堂、考研教辅图书等。本书特别适用于参加中山大学外国语学院“638基础英语”考试科目的考生，也可供报考专业考试科目考题风格非常相近的考生参考。
　　与传统图书相比，本书具有以下五大特色：
1．720度立体旋转：好用好玩的全新学习体验　　圣才e书带给你超逼真的3D学习体验，720度立体场景，任意角度旋转，模拟纸质书真实翻页效果，让你学起来爱不释手！

2．免费下载：无须注册均可免费下载阅读本书　　在购买前，任何人均可以免费下载本书，满意后再购买。下载地址为：http://www.100eshu.com/DigitalLibrary/ajax.aspx?action=Download&id=25809（请复制到浏览器上面打开）。任何人均可无限制的复制下载圣才教育全部3万本3D电子书，既可以选择单本下载，也可以选择客户端批量下载。
3．免费升级：更新并完善内容，终身免费升级　　如购买本书，可终生使用。免费自动升级指我们一旦对该产品的内容有所修订、完善，系统立即自动提示您免费在线升级您的产品，您将自动获得最新版本的产品内容。真正做到了一次购买，终身使用。当您的电子书出现升级提示时，请选择立即升级。
4．功能强大：记录笔记、全文搜索等十大功能　　本书具有“记录笔记”、“全文检索”、“添加书签”、“查看缩略图”、“全屏看书”、“界面设置”等功能。
　　（1）e书阅读器——工具栏丰富实用【为考试教辅量身定做】

　　（2）便笺工具——做笔记、写反馈【圣才电子书独家推出】

5．多端并用：电脑手机平板等多平台同步使用　　本书一次购买，多端并用，可以在PC端（在线和下载）、手机（安卓和苹果）、平板（安卓和苹果）等多平台同步使用。同一本书，使用不同终端登录，可实现云同步，即更换不同设备所看的电子书页码是一样的。

　　圣才学习网（www.100xuexi.com）是一家为全国各类考试和专业课学习提供辅导方案【保过班、网授班、3D电子书、3D题库】的综合性学习型视频学习网站，拥有近100种考试（含418个考试科目）、194种经典教材（含英语、经济、管理、证券、金融等共16大类），合计近万小时的面授班、网授班课程。
　　如您在购买、使用中有任何疑问，请及时联系我们，我们将竭诚为您服务！
　　全国热线：400-900-8858（8:30～23:00），18001260133（8:30～23:00）
　　咨询QQ：4009008858（8:30-23:00）

　　详情访问：http://hanyu.100xuexi.com/（圣才学习网|中文类）
　　圣才学习网编辑部
                                                                                                                                    本书更多内容>>
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    使用说明                                                                                                   
                                                                                    

内容预览
2013年中山大学外国语学院637基础英语考研真题及详解
I. Reading comprehension (40 points)
Passage 1
The swimming sky of oceanicexpanse in Van Gogh’s The Starry Night; the human figure born of marble by thecareful hands of Rodin; the graceful, ethereal figure of Degas’s ballerina; allcommunicate both emotion and essence in a world where aesthetic reigns supreme.Art has forever been humankind’s tool for expressing the ineffable, a form ofcommunication when words fail or are wholly inadequate. Art challenges theartist by constructing a world in which opposing forces—impulse and control, emotionand thought, ideation and actuality—must cooperate to produce a piece of art. Theartist must wrestle an almost untamable creative force for control in order togrant space to its expression. The process of facing and governing this forcewhile conveying it to others makes artistic creation an especially valuabletherapeutic tool for the emotionally disturbed.
The process of creation and thecreated product are equally valuable parts of therapeutic art. Creating art requiresbalancing two aspects of personality that are, in the case of the emotionallydisturbed person, especially irreconcilable. Like all artists, the emotionallydisturbed person must learn to control and harness the dangerous, unpredictableforces of creation while remaining sufficiently unrestrictive to allow itsexpression. Balancing these forces in a constructive way while granting fullplay to both is an important ability to master, one that art therapy teachesparticularly well.
The emotionally disturbed artist’sgoal is not the perfect expression of an aesthetic ideal. Yet communicating themind’s content and having it recognized by others is intensely valuable to thedisturbed artist’s healing. Taking ideas out of the isolation imposed by themind and reproducing them in a form that can be shared and understood by othersreleases those ideas from the mind and removes from them some of their power.Using the brush where the pen and voice fail allows others, like the therapist,to recognize, understand, and begin to deconstruct the mind’s content.
Artistic creation allowsemotionally disturbed people to communicate ideas they are unable to express inwords, and it provides therapists with an otherwise unobtainable window intothe mind. Examination of their artistic pieces reveals an inner world that theself of the disturbed person cannot express another way. Art then becomes a newtherapeutic medium through which to understand and address the complex issuesthat threaten and haunt the disturbed person, and in which to free them.
1. Theprimary purpose of the passage is to _____.
A. prove that art therapy has madesignificant strides in recent decades
B. demonstrate how art therapy can transformnonfunctioning individuals into productive members of society
C. show how art therapy can bebeneficial for emotionally disturbed people
D. describe the methods by whichartwork can be interpreted by a therapist
2. Inline 4, paragraph 3 “the brush” is used primarily to signify _____.
A. the wide variety of artisticequipment
B. the author’s preference for artover written communication
C. the process of painting
D. artistic creation
3. The passagesuggests that the main reason a therapist might use art to work withemotionally disturbed people is that art therapy can _____.
A. allow them to address ideas oremotions in a nonverbal way
B. share their innermost thoughtswith the public
C. broaden the scope of theirsocial interaction
D. encourage them to cooperatewith others
4. Theauthor suggests that artwork functions as “window” (line 2, paragraph 4)because artwork
A. is transparent
B. stiffles communication
C. can be extremely fragile
D. allows access to thoughts
5. The author’sconclusion would be most directly supported by additional information provingthat _____.
A. art therapists are better ableto evaluate the quality of art than regular therapists
B. individuals involved in artprograms have more control over their emotions
C. there is a documentedconnection between creativity and attention span
D. painting relieves some symptomsof arthritis
Passage 2
Since time immemorial, countlessscholars have asked the question: What is beauty? As philosophers engage inweighty discourses, designers update the latest fashions, and artists createtheir masterpieces, what is considered beautiful changes at an alarming pace.Fifty years ago, the full-figured Marilyn Monroe embodied the Americanaesthetic value; today, a legion of Hollywood actresses vastly different inappearance from Marilyn’s have taken her place, However, aesthetic values notonly differ from generation to generation, but do so along cultural lines aswell. The conventions that govern painting and music vary greatly from East toWest, Often, what is considered disgusting to one civilization is the pinnacleof aesthetic appeal in another. Thus, when left to the sphere of human design,the search for an absolute definition of beauty remains an elusive one at best.
As fundamental physicists, mycolleagues and I like to believe that we are involved in a search for a beautythat does not remain uninfluenced by definition. The beauty that we search foris not that which is laid down through the work of people and subject toshort-term tastes, but rather that which has been established by Nature. Thosenot involved with physics tend to think of it as a precise and predictivescience—certainly not a field of study fit for the contemplation of thebeautiful. Yet, one of physics’s greatest gifts is that it allows its studentsto look past extrinsic appearances into a more overwhelming beauty. As a humanbeing, I am captivated by the visual appeal of a wave crashing on the beach. Asa physicist, however, I possess the ability to be captivated by the much deeperbeauty of the physical laws that govern such a phenomenon. Where the nonphysicistsees a lovely but inexplicable event, the well-schooled physicist is able toperceive a brilliant design.
In truth, since the day thatAlbert Einstein first proposed the notion that there might be one overarchingphysics1 theory that governs the universe, aesthetics tins become a drivingforce in modern physics. What Einstein and we, as his intellectual descendants,have discovered is this: Nature, at its most fundamental level, is beautifullyconstructed. The remarkable simplicity of the laws that govern the universe is,at times, nothing short of breathtaking. And at every step, as new discoveriesand technologies allow us to examine the physical world on deeper and deeperlevels, we find that the beauty itself becomes more profound. As Einsteinhimself said, it would seem more likely that we should find ourselves living ina “chaotic world, in no way graspable through thinking.” Yet here we are closerthan ever to a full understanding of the universe’s beautiful clockwork.
6. Theauthor mentions Marilyn Monroe in paragraph 1 in order to _____.
A. provide an example of today’sstandards of beauty
B. discuss her abilities as anactress
C. demonstrate how susceptibleaesthetics are to change
D. illustrate that the standarddefinition of beauty remains constant
7. The author’sassertion in lines 6-7, paragraph 1 (“what is considered disgusting...inanother”) suggests that _____.
A. cultures are destined to clash
B. many civilizations are prone todisgusting behavior
C. different societies are fledtogether by an appreciation for physics
D. it is nearly impossible to saywhat is truly beautiful
8. Asused in line 2 paragraph 2, the phrase “laid down” most nearly means _____.
A. rested
B. created
C. slept
D. set
9. In the course ofoutlining the various gifts of physics, the author cites all of the followingEXCEPT _____.
A. the ability to look for abeauty that is unchanging
B. appreciating the visual beautyera wave crashing
C. understanding both extrinsicand intrinsic beauty
D. seeing a deeper design innatural events
10. In the thirdparagraph, Albert Einstein’s proposal of an “overarching physical theory”suggests that _____.
A. the author believes that thereis beauty in simplicity
B. the universe is infinitelycomplex
C. aesthetics has no place inphysics
D. thephysical world will never be understood rationally
11. Theauthor quotes Albert Einstein in lines 6-7, paragraph 3 in order to _____.
A. detail the way physical lawsaffect chaos
B. emphasize the scope ofEinstein’s influence
C. suggest that Einstein mighthave doubted the beauty of physics
D. stress just how remarkable theorder of the universe really is
12. Thepurpose of this passage is to _____.
A. discuss the way variouscultures assess beauty
B. explain the beauty that isunmasked through an understanding of physics
C. demonstrate the way concepts ofbeauty change over time
D. finding new relevance fordifferent physical laws
Passage 3
For eighty years Thomas’s familyhad grown corn on its hundred-acre plot. In his grandfather’s day, even in hisfather’s, wheat and timothy were also sown to help feed cattle and pigs. Whilethere had been no animals on the land in Thomas’s time, Thomas’s father spokeat length about those days, when he himself had been a child. Back then,Thomas’s father had dedicated every one of his free hours to taking care of thefarm: grinding chop, cleaning up after the animals, mending fences, andperforming innumerable other taxing chores. Later, it was just corn, sold tosome big company out East that his father said paid them a little less everyyear. It wasn’t about the money though; his father would have made do justenough to keep things going. His concern was family and tradition, theagricultural way of life.
During harvest, Thomas would rideon the enormous thresher with his father. In the cabin, above the green seaparting before them, he would listen as his father explained the significanceof a life dedicated to agriculture. As Thomas nibbled on a lunch packed by hismother, his father expounded upon his philosophy that a man must not beseparated from the land that provides for him, that the land was veryimportant. He would say, time and again, “A man isn’t a man without land tocall his own.”
He was not an uneducated man,Thomas’s father. He had completed high school and probably could have gone tocollege if he wanted, but he was a man of the earth, and his spirit was tied tothe soil. Agriculture was not his profession; it was his passion, one that hetried to seed in the hearts of his three boys. Thomas’s two older brothers hadlittle time for farmwork, however. What chores they were not forced to do wentundone or were done by Thomas; their energies were focused on cars, dating, anddance halls.
Even at a young age, Thomas wasable to see in his father’s eyes the older man’s secret despair. The land thathad been in his family for three generations was not valued by the fourth. Noteven little Tommy, who always rode in the cabin with him and helped out as muchas he was able, would stay and tend the fields. The world had grown too large,and there were too many distractions to lure young men from their homes. Boysthese days did not realize they had a home until it was too late.
Sitting on the hood of his jeep,Thomas gazed out over dozens of acres of orange survey stakes that covered whatwas once his family’s farm. The house, barn, and silos were all gone, replacedby construction trailers and heavy equipment. The town that lay just five milesup the road had grown into a city, consuming land like a hungry beast. Thomas’sfather had been the last farmer left in the county, holding out long after thefarm became unprofitable. He farmed after his sons left and his wife died; hefarmed until his last breath, on principle.
Now a highway and several shopping mallswere going to take his place, Thomas thought. His brothers both said it wasinevitable, that progress cannot be halted. They argued that if the family didnot sell the land, the city would claim eminent domain and take it from themfor a fraction of what they could get by selling it. Thomas did not feel he hadany right to disagree. After alt, he had chosen to leave the farm as well, topursue his education. Though he didn’t stand in their way, and though hisprofit from the lucrative sale was equal to his brothers’, Thomas was sure hefelt something that they could not. The money didn’t matter much to him; he hadenough to get by. It was something about the land. Now that he had finallyfound his way back to it, he was losing it. He was losing his home.
13. Whichis NOT CORRECT about the farm in Thomas’s father’s day?
A. Corn, wheat and timothy grownon the farm were sold for profit.
B. Cattle and pigs were raised onthe farm.
C. Thomas’s father could make bothends meet.
D. Thomas’s father spent a lot oftime doing farm chores.
14. Inline 5 paragraph 1 the word “taxing” most nearly means _____.
A. monetary
C. rejuvenating
B. expensive
D. tiring
15. Basedon the passage, a thresher (line 1 paragraph 2) is most likely used to _____.
A. mend fences
B. construct shopping malls
C. harvest crops
D. plant seeds
16.Thomas’s father’s statement in the last line of paragraph 2 primarily shows thefather to be _____.
A. discouraged because he isgetting less money for his corn each year
B. overwhelmed by the number of tediouschores he must complete each day
C. convinced that his life as afarmer is worthwhile
D. pleased that his youngest sonis with him as he threshes the corn
17. The most likelycause of the “secret despair” (line 1 paragraph 4) that Thomas sees in hisfather’s eyes is his father’s _____.
A. sadness that his sons would notcare for the family farm in the same way that he had
B. disappointment that Thomasdidn’t help as much as he could have with the farm chores
C. worry about his sons’preoccupation with cars, dating, and dancing
D. regret that he didn’t attendcollege even though he could have done so
18. The description ofThomas’s brothers’ interest in the last two sentences of paragraph 3 highlights_____.
A. the difference between thebrothers as young men and as adults
B. the reasons that Thomasperformed the brothers’ neglected chores
C. the gap between the brothers’values and those of their father
D. the considerable conflictbetween the brothers and their father
19. Animportant function of paragraph 5 is to _____.
A. establish that the narrative tothis point has been a flashback
B. contrast Thomas’s current lifewith his past life
C. summarize the plot
D. foreshadow Thomas’s future
20. Thelast sentence of the passage suggests that Thomas feels _____.
A. excited anticipation
B. overwhelming despair
C. regretful nostalgia
D. unaccustomed relief
II.Correct the mistakes in the following sentences: underline the wrong parts andput the correct ones in the brackets. If there is no error, use a √ or write“No error” on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
1. For the lastdecade, American restaurants were serving larger portions, a trend whichnutritionists believe has contributed to an increase in obesity.
2. Bill is the captain onthe football team, but the soccer coach allows his players to take turns actingas captain.
3. We were surprised to findvolunteers from the local high school to be as helpful and efficient as thosewe had trained to assist in earlier emergencies.
4. Many countries,including the United States,has signed treaties that address the problem of the warming of the earth’satmosphere,
5. The botanicalgarden program familiarizes children with names of different flowers, teachesthem the conventions of naming plants, and they have the opportunity to learnskills used by gardeners.
6. As the mayor of thecity, he had a presence that was comforting to his constituents, who hadsupported him since he first ran for city council.
7. Concerned by thepatient’s chest pains and breathing difficulty, the nursing student was quickto realize that these symptoms were consistent to those of a heart attack.
8. Fans of downhillskiing respected the decision by the judges that athletes which takeperformance-enhancing drugs while training would be disqualified from thecompetition.
9. The human resourcesdepartment is using online advertisements to recruit new employees because applicantscan respond to this more quickly than to print ones.
10. One would havedifficulty determining which factor contributes more to the success of a great writer—talentor hard work.
III. English composition (40 points)
Consider carefully the issuediscussed in the following paragraph, and then write an essay that answers thequestion posed in the task.
Human beings can attain a worthyand harmonious life if only they are able to rid themselves, within the limitsof human nature, of the striving for the wish fulfillment of material kinds.The goal is to raise the spiritual values of society.
—Albert Einstein
Assignment: You are required to write an essayof about at least 400 words in which you answer the question “Is the desire for‘wish fulfillment of material kinds’ a good or a bad thing?" and discussyour point of view on this issue. Support your position logically with examplesfrom literature, the arts, history, politics, science and technology, currentevents, or your experience or observation.
Marks will be awarded for Content,Organization, Grammar, and Appropriateness. Failure to follow the instructionwill result in a loss of marks.
IV. Translation
1. Translate the following passage intoChinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
Carrara, shut in by the great hills, is avery picturesque town in Italy.Few tourists stay there; and the people are nearly all connected, in one way oranother, with the mining of marble. There are also villages among the caves,where the workmen live. It contains a beautiful little Theatre, newly built;and it is an interesting custom there, to form the chorus of labourers in themarble mines, who are self-taught and sing by ear. I heard them in a comicopera, and in an act of “Norms”; and they performed remarkably well; unlike thecommon people of Italygenerally, who (with some exceptions among the Neapolitans) sing terribly outof tune, and have very disagreeable singing voices.
Neapolitans:那不勒斯人
2. Translate the following passage into English. Write your translationon the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)
青花瓷（blue-and-white porcelain）能在中国瓷坛独占鳌头，主要因为它与中国人长期追求的文化和美学精神相契合，这就是平淡天真、自然从容。中国人认为，最高的美是一种平淡天然的美，任何过于造作、文饰的艺术，都与这种精神相违背。青花瓷作为中国瓷器的代表，以白色和蓝色所构成的简洁清雅世界，表现宁静清洁的美。青花是一种单色彩绘，色彩看上去比较单调，这也是青花的特点，没有过分的装饰，没有刻意的夸张。元明时期的青花瓷器追求透明的感觉，纯洁的白色和优雅的淡青相配，干净爽利，产生极为雅致的效果。
V. 1. Give short answers to the following questions. (10 points)
1) Whoare the backbenchers in the UK?
2) Whatis the function of the Australian Senate?
3) Whatare the features of the international style of architecture in the US?
4) Whatwere the aims of the American Indian Movement?
5) Whatare the two native peoples in Canada?
2.Answer the following question. (10 points)
What arethe factors that brought about the parliamentary reform in the 19th century UK?
参考答案及解析
I. Reading comprehension (40 points)
1.C 本篇文章的大意主要是讲艺术创作的过程和艺术作品（即艺术疗法）现在也成为心理治疗的一种手段，特别是对那些心理失常的艺术家（emotionally disturbed artist）来说。因此C项“揭示了艺术疗法是如何有益于心理失常的人”符合本文主旨。A、B两项文章中未涉及，D 项概括不全，治疗师不仅会从艺术作品中，而且也会从艺术创作的过程中进行相关的研究和解读。
2.D 在这里，brush,pen 和voice 都有其象征意义，pen 象征着the communication of written form, voice 象征着oralcommunication，而 brush 则象征着 artistic creation。这句话的意思是说当书面和口头的交流不能为人理解时，那么艺术创作就能让其他人，特别是治疗师们认识，理解并开始解构他们的思想。
3.B 从文章最后一段可以看出，艺术创作能让那些心理失常的人自由地表达那些不能用语言传达的复杂的思想，这就为心理治疗师提供了一扇了解患者心灵的窗户。艺术作品比其他形式的交流更能展现患者的内心世界，所以治疗师们会采用这种手段来治疗心理失常的患者。
4.D 艺术作品之所以是窗口，是因为它能展现患者的内心世界，这就能让治疗师们理解和弄清那些困扰患者的复杂的问题。A、C两项文章中未提到，B 项“扼杀了交流”是不正确的，艺术作品是交流方式的一种，它并不会扼杀交流。
5.B 文中第一段中有提到The artist must wrestle an almost untamable creative force for controlin order to grant space to its expression.艺术家在创作的时候必须很好地把握和控制心中的情感，因此可以作为一种心理治疗的手段。
6.C 本篇文章主要讲了作者对于“美”这一亘古不变的哲学命题的一些看法。文章第一段主要讲了因时间和地域的不同，人们对于“美”的理解也是不同的。Marilyn Monroe 是五十年前，世界公认的美人，而现在好莱坞一些女演员已经取代了她。这说明了美学是随时代的变化而变化的，故此题选C。A、D两项都错误，Marilyn Monroe 代表的是五十年前人们的审美观，而不是现在，definition of beauty is susceptible notconstant。B项和文章主旨无关。
7.D 这句话的意思是说，很多时候，在一种文明里被认为是恶心的事物，在另一种文明里却被当做艺术追求的最高峰。这说明了不同的人对于美有不同的理解，因此很难确定地说什么是真正的美。A、B、C 都与本段主旨无关。
8.B lay down 有“放下；制定；铺设；主张”等意思。在这里它是指通过人们的劳动创立，建立，与后面的established by Nature 相对应。因此create 与此意义最接近。对于这种猜测词义或者找近义词的题目要联系上下文语境多比较。
9.A 文中第二段主要讲了the gifts of the physics.文中没有提到过unchanging的事物，A选项有出入。而且本题并非要将同一个物理现象从常人和物理学家的角度区分，只是说物理学家能看到更深层面的东西。
10.A 此题可用排除法来做。首先B项文中未提及，且和文章主旨无关。C项明显错误，它与原文aesthetics tins become a driving force in modern physics 不符。D项也未提及，且根据常识可知说法有误。A 项可由原文中The remarkable simplicity of thelaws that govern the universe is, at times, nothing short of breathtaking 推测得出。
11.A 此题可用排除法来做。B 项强调爱因斯坦的影响与本文主旨无关，C项无从得知，且与文章主题无关，此篇文章主要讲美学与物理学的关系，它和the order of the universe也没有直接的关系。A项可由此句Andat every step, as new discoveries and technologies allow us to examine thephysical world on deeper and deeper levels, we find that the beauty itselfbecomes more profound 推测得出。
12.B 本文主旨较为清晰，文章第一段讲了人们对于美的理解会因时间和地域的不同而不同，后面两段就主要是结合自己作为物理学家的经验来从物理学的角度阐释美学。因此B项符合题意。
13.A 此题的信息主要集中在第一段，要注意题干要选的是不正确的选项。由wheat and timothy were also sown to help feedcattle and pigs 可知wheat and timothy 是用来饲养牲畜的，而不是用来卖钱的。
14.D 由句子结构可知，taxing 在此肯定是做形容词来修饰chores（杂事）的，那是什么样的杂事呢，由上下文语境可得知是费力的，繁重的杂事，因此tiring 与此意最接近。monetary 是“货币的，财政的”意思, rejuvenating 是“复兴的”意思，expensive 是“昂贵的”，而taxing 作为形容词有“费力的，繁重的”意思。
15.C 由 During harvest, Thomas would ride on the enormous thresher with hisfather 很容易可以猜测出，the thresher 是用来收割粮食的。thresher 有“打谷机，打谷者”的意思。
16.C 他说的这句话的意思是一个人如果没有自己的土地就不能算是真正意义上的人。从这句话我们可以看出来，他很自豪自己拥有一大片土地，他认为自己作为农民是值得的。因此选C项。A、B 两项都不对，尽管现在每年的收入有减少但他并没有气馁，尽管农场琐事很多，但他很乐意做这些。D 项并不是他说这句话的主要目的。
17.A 老人之所以伤悲，是因为他家前几代人都细心经营着这片土地，而到了他儿子这一代，他们对这片土地已没有多少兴趣，也不愿再守在这片土地上，原有的家庭传统得不到延续。
18.C 这两句主要描写了the brothers 的兴趣爱好，它突出了父亲和the brothers 价值观之间的差异。父亲对土地情有独钟，希望世世代代都守在这片土地上，而the brothers 却对现代社会中的新潮的事物更感兴趣，这也是为什么the brothers 不帮助做农场琐事的原因。故C项符合题意。
19.A 第五段之前都是Thomas的回忆，他回忆以前的农场，以前的父亲和家庭，而现在他看到的却是另一番景象，他的父亲也已去世。因此在这里，这一段主要就是告诉我们之前的内容都是一个回忆或者倒叙，而这一段所讲的才是村庄现在的面貌以及故事的结局。
20.C 最后几句话是Thomas 看到现在农庄发生巨大变化后的感慨。从他的用词losing 以及他反复的语气我们可以看出，他很怀念（nostalgia）以前的农庄，因此应选C项。A、D两项中的excited和relief 很明显与此刻Thomas 的心情不符，overwhelming despair 也太过夸张了，所以只能选regretful nostalgia。
II.Correct the mistakes in the following sentences: underline the wrong parts andput the correct ones in the brackets. If there is no error, use a √ or write“No error” on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)
1. wereserving→have been serving
(这句话的意思是在过去十年，美国餐馆为更多的人提供了服务。营养学家们认为这一趋势导致了肥胖现象的增加。有句首的for the last decade 的时间标志，以及后面的has contributed to 可看出，此处应用现在完成时。)
2.on→of
(比尔现在是这个球队的队长，但教练允许队员们轮流担任队长。这里考查名词的所有格结构，名词的所有格可以用名词加s 构成，也可以用of 短语构成，因此这里应改成of 短语。)
3. tobe→to have been
(我们惊奇地发现来自当地高中的这些志愿者们竟然和那些在之前的紧急事件中受过训练的志愿者们一样有益和高效。这里要注意时态，主句we were surprised to 用的是过去时，那从句也应该用相应的时态。)
4. hassigned→have signed
(这句考查主谓一致。当主语后面有as well as, with, along with, together with, but, like, rather than, except,including 等连接几个名词短语时，谓语动词要与最前面的主语保持一致。这里的谓语动词要和many countries 保持一致，所以应用复数形式。)
5. andthey have→and offers them
(这个植物园项目使孩子们熟悉了不同花的名字，教他们植物命名的惯例，并给他们提供了学习园艺技术的机会。这里是几个短语的并列，短语并列时，结构意义都要相近。原句中，前两个短语的主语都是the botanical garden program, 最后一个短语的主语又突然换成they(the children),逗号不能连接两个独立的句子)
6．去掉his constituents和who之间的逗号。
(这里的who引导的从句是用来修饰his constituents 而不是he 的，因此应该紧跟在his constituents 的后面，如果这里加上逗号，容易引起歧义。)
7. Noerror
8. which→who
(who 在这里引导从句的主语是athletes，是人，因此只能用who, 而不能用which。)
9.print→printed
10.No error
III. English composition (40 points)
The Desire for “Wish Fulfillmentof Material Kinds” is not a Good Thing
When I first catch sight of thistopic, it pushes me in the mind that the reason why many people in this worldseem to be unhappy regardless of the fact that they have already had a verycomfortable and even luxurious life may be that they set the material successas their sole and ultimate goals.
Our societies are completely focusedon our five senses of seeing, hearing, tasting, touching and smelling. Our fivesenses are constantly stimulated. They are enticed and exploited all the time. Itis therefore no surprise that we tend to focus our minds on materialism twenty-fourhours per day. We tend to focus all the time on big cars, big houses, lots ofmoney in the bank, and so on, because these cars, houses, and money have becomea symbol of status, of success. I ever read a very funny story that one wealthyyoung man has a very nice and expensive car and is really proud of it. Hecalled this car “Infinity”. One of his friends, however, doesn’t care the leastbit about what kind of car he drives, so he simply buys himself a pretty oldcar that he likes and the price is just right for him. “If I can drive to workand back with it, then that’s a great car for me”, he thought. It certainly doesn’tlook that fancy, but this guy couldn’t care less. In fact, he could see the funof it. In response to his friend who calls his car ‘Infinity’, this guy decidesto give his car a name too. He calls it ‘Finity’. So we can see what one personwould consider being dignified, could be considered by the next person aspathetic.
After all, why would a person want a lot ofmoney, or a big house, or a big car? Why would he want others to approve of him?In the end it all comes down to a desire for a sense of security and happiness,and being able to live life on your own terms. The quest ends when you’re happyand fulfilled.
But when are you happy and fulfilled? Here’sa hint from what a wise man once said: “Money and fame do not happiness make.” Ibelieve it was John Harricharan who said this: “Most people are so busy tryingto make a living; they forget to make a life.” He’s right. Most people are “humandoings” instead of “human beings”. The funny thing is that the greatest payofffrom trying to get what you want through working comes from a state of being.It is a state of happiness, contentment and love and gratitude for what is thatgets you what you truly want.
At any rate, the greatest payoff from yourefforts does certainly not come from an obsession with ever more material stuffin the merry-go-round that gets faster by the day because the desire for “wish fulfillmentof material kinds” is not a good thing. It’s time for us to slow down our stepsand enthusiasm for the material things and spare a time for our spiritualsalvation and liberation.
IV. Translation
1．
处在群山环绕中的卡拉拉是一个风景秀丽的意大利小镇。常年留在这里的游客很少，当地居民几乎都与大理石开采有着某种联系。在大理石洞穴的周围也有一些村庄，开采大理石的工匠们就住在那里。小镇还新建了一个漂亮的小剧院。这里还有一个有趣的传统就是由这些大理石工人组成合唱队，他们都是自学歌唱并且不看乐谱进行表演。我曾经在一出喜剧和一出常规剧中听过他们的演唱，他们表演地非常好，而且他们不像一般的意大利人（除开一些那不勒斯人）。普通的意大利人不仅嗓音难听，而且唱歌会严重走调。
2．
Blue-and-White Porcelain occupies a prominent position in the Chineseporcelain industry, for it accords well with the culture and aesthetic spiritChinese have long pursued—of simplicity, unaffectedness and ease. The Chinesepeople hold that the highest level of beauty is the plain natural beauty sothat any kind of art which is too artificial, too exquisite goes against thisspirit. As representative of Chinese porcelain, Blue-and-White Porcelaindisplays a world of conciseness and elegance, serenity and purity. Under-glazeblueis a monochrome colored drawing which seems to be a little simple. The peculiarityof the Under-glazeblue, however, lies in its simplicity without neithertoo much decoration, nor artificial exaggeration. The Blue-and-White Porcelainin Yuan and Ming dynasties attach much importance to the feeling oftransparency, so that the pure white and the graceful light cyan combine to yieldan elegant effect which is clean and clear.
V.
1.Give short answers to the following questions. (10 points)
1) In a parliament the people who form thegovernment—the prime minister and other ministers, secretaries of state, etc.sit in the front benches, facing their opponents. Those who are in the sameparty, but who do not hold any government office, are known as backbenchers,because they sit in the seats towards, or at, the back. People in the oppositionparty, or parties, who are not spokespersons, are also called backbenchers.
2) The Senate is the upper houseof the bicameralParliament of Australia. Unlike upperhouses in most parliamentary systems, the Senate is vested with significantpower, including the capacity to block legislation initiated by the governmentin the House of Representatives, making it a distinctive hybrid of British Westminster bicameralism and US-style bicameralism.
3) Around 1930, the term “internationalstyle” was created based on the idea of global uniformity of architecture (allarchitectural styles around the world would be similar)-all in keeping with theincreasingly modern world and the modernization of transport and communication.The typical International Style high-rise usually consists of the following:square or rectangular footprint; simple cubic "extruded rectangle"form; windows running in broken horizontal rows forming a grid; all facadeangles are 90 degrees.
4) Theinitial aim was to act against the police brutality committed against urban Indiansin the Twin Cities in 1968. It later broadened its efforts to include demands foreconomic independence, autonomy over tribal areas, restoration of illegally seizedlands, and protection of Indian legal rights and traditional culture.
5) Thetwo native peoples in Canadaare Inuit and Métis.
2.Answer the following question. (10 points)
In a long periodafter the Glory Revolution, the land aristocrat and the financial magnate graspthe state power through the control of parliament; To the beginning of the 19thcentury, the wealth of bourgeoisie increased with the advance of industrialization,the medium class and the working class were strengthen, the participation consciousnesswere awaking, they requested to reform the aristocrat oligarch who dominated thestate power, sharing authority. Also, the unequal distribution of seats which had existed ever since the parliamentwas founded is also one of the factors which contributed to the parliamentary reformin the 19th century in UK.

下载地址:http://free.100xuexi.com/Ebook/25809.html