1、第一层: Jack London 主 poured 谓 into his writings 状 all the pain 宾 of his life, 定 the fierce hatred 宾 of the bourgeoisie 定 that it had produced in him , 定语从句1 and 连 the conviction 宾 it had brought to him 定语从句2 that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise 同位语从句 up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters .
第二层: (定语从句1) that 引 it 主 had produced 谓 in him 状
(定语从句2) it 主 had brought to 谓 him 间宾
(同位语从句) that 引 the world 主 could be made 谓 a better place 宾 to live in 定 if the exploited would rise up and take the man- 状语从句 agement of society out of the hands of the exploiters.
第三层: (状语从句) if 引 the exploited 主 would rise up 谓 and 连 take 谓 the management 宾 of society 定 out of the hands of the exploiters 状
要点:本句为倒装句。如果宾语较长或宾语结构比较复杂,往往将宾语后置,采用倒装语序,以使句子保持平衡。本句的宾语由三个并列的名词构成,且第二和第三个名词后又带有限定性定语从句,故采用倒装语序,将动词\"poured\"的宾语放在状语\"into his writings\"之后。\"all the pain...\",\"the fierce hatred...\"和\"the conviction...\"是\"poured\"的三个并列的宾语;其中,第一个that引导的定语从句修饰\"hatred\",\"it had brought to him\"修饰\"conviction\",在该定语从句中其关系代词作宾语而被省略;第二个that从句则是\"conviction\"的同位语从句。
译文:杰克·伦敦在作品中倾注了他一生中所遭受过的一切痛苦,倾诉了这种痛苦在他心中产生的对资产阶级的刻骨仇恨以及由此产生的这样的信念:如果被剥削者起来反抗,从剥削者手中夺回社会管理权,那么世界就会变成一个人人有好日子过的地方。
2、分 析: Along with them 状 goes 谓 social 定 mobility, 主 ambition 主 to rise in the 定 urban world, a main factor 同位语 in bringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century. 定
要点:这是一个完全倒装句,主语是social mobility...century,谓语动词是goes。ambition to rise in the urban world 是对 social mobility的进一步说明。a main factor在意思上相当于which is a main factor in...century,修饰 ambition to ...world。本句可按原文顺序翻译。
译文:伴随他们而来的是社会的流动性, 人们强烈地希望在城市里发展,这是19世纪欧洲出生率下降的主要因素。
3、要点:句中had he grown up ... 是虚拟条件中省略if的倒装结构。翻译时,要把if的含义译出。主句为并列谓语\"... compensate ... , and ... tell\"结构。句中how引导宾语从句。虚拟条件句为宾语从句的状语。根据汉语的表达习惯,条件状语常前置。
译文:例如,它们并不弥补明显的社会不公;因此,它们说明不了一个物质条件差的年轻人,如果在较好的环境下成长,会有多大的才干。
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