趴趴兵营之同型词归类91

本期词汇：
introduce • launch • initiate • institute • instigate • set/put sth in motion • bring sth in • phase sth in
These words all mean to make people start using a new system or law or to start a process.

PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS

► to introduce/​launch/​initiate/​institute/​instigate/​set in motion/​bring in/​phase in a scheme/​reform
► to introduce/​launch/​initiate/​institute/​instigate/​bring in/​phase in a system
► to introduce/​launch/​initiate/​institute/​instigate/​bring in a policy
► to introduce/​launch/​initiate/​institute/​instigate a programme
► to introduce/​initiate/​institute/​instigate/​set in motion/​bring in/​phase in changes
► to introduce/​initiate/​bring in (a) legislation/​law
► to introduce/​initiate/​institute a practice
► to launch/​initiate/​institute/​instigate (a/​an) campaign/​enquiry/​investigation/​proceedings
► to launch/​initiate/​set in motion a plan
► to introduce/​launch/​initiate/​institute sth formally

introduce [ T ]
to make sth such as a product, law, system or idea available for use or discussion for the first time
We want to introduce the latest technology into schools.

launch [ T ] ( [strike][/strike]especially business or [strike][/strike]journalism ) to formally start an activity, especially an organized one
The authorities launched a massive security operation in the city.
People in business typically launch an appeal , a bid , a campaign , an enquiry , an initiative , an investigation , an operation , a plan , a project or a programme . In military contexts, an army might launch an attack , an assault , a raid or an invasion . You can also launch a new product.


initiate [ T ] ( formal ) to introduce a system or policy or start a process
Anyone has the right to initiate legislation in Parliament by means of a private bill.


institute [ T ] ( formal ) to introduce a system or policy or start a process
The new management intends to institute a number of changes. NOTE initiate or institute? There is very little difference in meaning between these words. Initiate has a wider range of collocates than institute : it can be used to talk about starting either a formal process, such as legal action, or a more informal process, such as a debate or discussion . Institute is only used to talk about more formal processes : [strike]He instituted a national debate on reform. [/strike]


instigate [ T ] ( especially BrE , formal )
to start a process or action, often sth official
The man responsible for instigating change was Robin Darwin.
Instigate is often used when there is some discussion about who made sth happen, or when the action taken is not popular with everyone involved.
►  instigation noun [ U ]: An appeal fund was launched at the instigation of the President.

set sth in motion , put sth in motion idiom ( especially written ) to make a process start or happen
The wheels of change have been set in motion. Set/put sth in motion is usually used to talk about starting a process that consists of several steps: to set in motion preparations/a process/a chain of actions/steps/a procedure/measures


bring sth in phrasal verb to introduce a new law
They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports. Bring sth in is mainly used to talk about an act , a bill , a law , a regulation or legislation .


phase sth in phrasal verb ( [strike][/strike]especially business ) to introduce or start using sth gradually in stages over a period of time
The new tax will be phased in over two years. OPP phase sth out
To phase sth out is to stop using sth gradually in stages over a period of time.

introduce  
[ˌɪntrəˈdju:s]
vt. 1 介绍, 引见 2 提出, 提出供讨论 3 引进, 采用 4 将…放[插]入 5 作为…的开头   

launch  
[lɔ:ntʃ]
vt. 1 使(船)下水 2 发动; 发出; 发射
n. 1 发射; (船)下水; (新产品)投产 2 汽艇, 游艇

initiate  
[iˈniʃieit]
vt. 1 开始, 着手 2 传授; 使初步了解 3 接纳新成员, 让…加入

institute
[ˈinstitju:t]
vt. 建立, 制定; 开始, 着手
n. 协会, 学会; 学院, 研究院

instigate  
[ˈinstiɡeit]
vt. 使(某事物)开始或发生; 鼓动

set/put sth in motion
把...发动起来

bring in  
1 把…拿进来, 带进来 2 收获(庄稼等) 3 赚(钱), 挣(钱)

phase in  
逐步采用

We want to introduce the latest technology into schools.
我们希望把最新技术引入学校。

The authorities launched a massive security operation in the city.
当局在该市展开了大规模的安全行动。

Anyone has the right to initiate legislation in Parliament by means of a private bill.
任何人都有权通过私法法案参与国会立法。

The new management intends to institute a number of changes.
新的管理部门打算做出一些改变。

The man responsible for instigating change was Robin Darwin.
罗宾达尔文为煽动叛变负责。

The wheels of change have been set in motion.
改革的车轮已经启动。

They want to bring in a bill to limit arms exports.
他们想引进一项法案，限制武器出口。

The new tax will be phased in over two years.
新的税收方案将在两年内逐步实行。