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Lesson 25     The Cutty Sark     “卡蒂萨克”号帆船

1. One of the most famous sailing ships of the nineteenth century, the Cutty Sark, can still be seen at Greewich.  
人们在格林威治仍可看到19世纪最有名的帆船之一“卡蒂萨克”号。  

2. She stands on dry land and is visited by thousands of people each year.  
它停在陆地上，每年接待成千上万的参观者。  

3. She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past.  
它给人们留下深刻的印象，使人们回忆起历史上的巨型帆船，  

4. Before they were replaced by steamships, sailing vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea from China and wool from Australia.  
在蒸汽船取代帆船之前。“卡蒂萨克”号之类的帆船被用来从中国运回茶叶，从澳大利亚运回羊毛。  

5. The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships that has ever been built.  
“卡蒂萨克”号是帆船制造史上建造的最快的一艘帆船。  

6. The only other ship to match her was the Thermopylae.  
唯一可以与之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”号帆船。  

7. Both these ships set out from Shanghai on June 18th, 1872 on an exciting race to England.  
两船于1872年6月18日同时从上海启航驶往英国，途中展开了一场激烈的比赛。  

8. This race, which went on for exactly four months, was the last of its kind.  
这场比赛持续了整整4个月，是这类比赛中的最后一次，  

9. It marked the end of the great tradition of ships with sails and the beginning of a new era.  
它标志着帆船伟大传统的结束与一个新纪元的开始。  

10. The first of the two ships to reach Java after the race had begun was the Thermopylae, but on the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark took the lead.  
比赛开始后，“赛姆皮雷”号率先抵达爪哇岛。但在印度洋上，“卡萨萨克”号驶到了前面。  

11. It seemed certain that she would be the first ship home, but during the race she had a lot of bad luck.  
看来，它首先返抵英国是确信无疑的了，但它却在比赛中连遭厄运。  

12. In August, she was struck by a very heavy storm during which her rudder was torn away.  
8月份“卡蒂萨克”号遭到一场特大风暴的袭击，失去了一只舵。  

13. The Cutty Sark rolled from side to side and it became impossible to steer her.  
船身左右摇晃，无法操纵。  

14. A temporary rudder was made on board from spare planks and it was fitted with great difficulty.  
船员用备用的木板在船上赶制了一只应急用的舵，并克服重重困难将舵安装就位，  

15. This greatly reduced the speed of the ship,  
这样一来，大大降低了船的航速。  

16. for there was a danger that if she traveled too quickly, this rudder would be torn away as well.  
因为船不能开得太快，否则就有危险，应急舵也会被刮走。  

17. Because of this, the Cutty Sark lost her lead.  
因为这个缘故，“卡蒂萨克”号落到了后面。  

18. After crossing the Equator, the captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted,  
跨越赤道后，船长将船停靠在一个港口，在那儿换了一只舵。  

19. but by now the Thermopylae was over five hundred miles ahead.  
但此时，“赛姆皮雷”号早已在500多英里之遥了。  

20. Though the new rudder was fitted at tremendous speed, it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win.  
尽管换装新舵时分秒必争，但“卡蒂萨克”号已经不可能取胜了，  

21. She arrived in England a week after the Thermopylae.  
它抵达英国时比“塞姆皮雷”号晚了1个星期。  

22. Even this was remarkable, considering that she had had so many delays.  
但考虑到路上的多次耽搁，  

23. There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily.  
这个成绩也已很不容易了。毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵， “卡帝萨克”号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。  

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     impressive
adj. 给人深刻印象的

     steamship
n.   蒸汽轮船

     vessel
n.   轮船，大木船

     era
n.   时期，时代

     Java
n.   爪哇（印度尼西亚一岛）

     rudder
n.   舵

     roll
v.   颠簸，摇摆

     steer
v.   掌握方向

     temporary
adj. 临时的

     plank
n.   大块木板

     fit
v.   安装

     Equator
n.   赤道

     delay
n.   耽误

Notes on the text课文注释

1  Cutty Sark，“卡蒂萨克”号，19世纪一艘著名的帆船。现在这艘船在伦敦格林威治作为展品被保护了起来。在轮船时代以前，它是那时侯最快的帆船。

2  both these ships，这两艘船。
也可写成 both of these ships或 both ships。

3  The first of the two ships to reach Java…，两艘船中首先到达爪哇的……。不定式短语 to reach Java此处作定语，修饰 first，中间被另一个修饰 first的介词短语 of the two ships所分开。

4  take the lead，领先。
lose one\'s lead，失去其领先地位。

5  There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily. 毫无疑问，如果中途没有失去舵，“卡蒂萨克”号肯定能在比赛中轻易夺冠。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，是对过去的一种假设。

第三章 代替与省略
SUBSTITUTIONAND OMISSION

英语中，为了避免不必要的重复，经常用so, not, to, do, does 代替前面出现的动词或相关内容。
如：He translated the article better than I did. (did代替wrote it)

— Doyou think she isclever?
— I think so. (so代替 she is clever)
(1) 从上两例中看出，do / does / did 代替动词。
(2) \"so 与 not\" 代替某个词、短语、句子等，通常用于hope, think, believe, expect, suppose, be afraid, fear, imagine, etc后作宾语。
E.g. — Is it correct?
— I\'m afraid not. (not correct)
(3) \"to\" 用作不定式，常跟随下列动词：want, mean, hope, expect, refuse, seem, intend, be, afraid, etc.
E.g. I asked him to go to the party, but he refused to. (go to the party)
(4) \"do so, do that, do it\" 用来代替动态动词，而不能代静态动词。
Eg. — He gave up studying English.
— Why did he do so? (= give up studying English)

— The dish tastes nice.
— Yes, so it does. (tastes nice)
(此句不能用it does it 或 it does so, 因taste属静态动词。）

(5) 为使语言精炼，避免不必要的重复，对话中常用省略形式。
E.g. — He is thinking of buying a car?
— Is he?（这里，“thinking of buying a car”被省略了。）

— Will he come back in time?
— Perhaps.（省略了he will come back in time.)

测试精编

I．选择正确答案：

1. — Shall I wake you up tomorrow? — Yes, ________ .
A. please do                       B. you shall
C. you will                        D. you may
2. I think records are often ________ an actual performance.
A. as good as or better than           B. as good or better than
C. like good or better than            D. as good as any other
3. — If he doesn\'t come to work, he may be fired. — Surely he isn\'t so foolish ________ not to realize that.
A. so        B. and        C. but        D. as
4. — Don\'t you think Alan\'s health has beenruined by smoking? — Yes, he told me ________ himself.
A. the fact        B. this thing       C. It        D. so
5. — Will you go home tomorrowevening? — No, I\'m going to a lecture, or at least, I\'m planning ________ .
A. on        B. to        C. so        D. It
6. — I slipped on the stairs, I think my arm is broken. — Oh! I ________ .
A. do not hope so        B. do not hope         C. hope not so        D. hope not
7. California relies mainly on income from fruit crops, and ________ .
A. Florida also                     B. Florida too
C. Florida is as well                 D. so does Florida
8. — Have you been here long? — ________ .
A. No, not very                    B. Not much
C. Yes, only little                   D. No, only yesterday
9. — You look happy today, Mary. — I like my new dress and mother ________, too.
A. does        B. likes        C. is        D. do
10. — So you are lost, little boy. Why didn\'t you hang on to your mother\'s skirt?
— ________, but I couldn\'t reach it.
A. I hanged to                     B. I did to
C. I didn\'t hang to                  D. I tried to

keys


1.A   2.A   3. D   4.D   5. B   6. D   7. D   8.A   9.A  10.D

  Lesson 26   Wanted: a large biscuit tin   征购大饼干筒

1. No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.  
没有人能避免受广告的影响。  

2. Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want,  
尽管我们可以自夸自己的鉴赏力如何敏锐，但我们已经无法独立自主地选购自己所需的东西了。  

3. for advertising exerts a subtle influence on us.  
这是因为广告在我们身上施加着一种潜移默化的影响。  

4. In their efforts to persuade us to buy this or that product,  
做广告的人在力图劝说我们买下这种产品或那种产品之前，  

5. advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses.  
已经仔细地研究了人的本性，并把人的弱点进行了分类。  

6. Advertisers discovered years ago that all of us love to get something for nothing.  
做广告的人们多年前就发现我们大家都喜欢免费得到东西。  

7. An advertisement which begins with the magic word FREE can rarely go wrong.  
凡是用“免费”这个神奇的词开头的广告很少会失败的。  

8. These days, advertisers not only offer free samples, but free cars, free houses, and free trips round the world as well.  
目前，做广告的人不仅提供免费样品，而且还提供免费汽车，免费住房，免费周游世界。  

9. They devise hundreds of competitions which will enable us to win huge sums of money.  
他们设计数以百计的竞赛，竞赛中有人可赢得巨额奖金。  

10. Radio and television have made it possible for advertisers to capture the attention of millions of people in this way.  
电台、电视使做广告的人可以用这种手段吸引成百万人的注意力。  

11. During a radio programme, a company of biscuit manufacturers once asked listeners to bake biscuits and send them to their factory.  
有一次，在电台播放的节目里，一个生产饼干的公司请听众烘制饼干送到他们的工厂去。  

12. They offered to pay $10 a pound for the biggest biscuit baked by a listener.  
他们愿意以每磅10美元的价钱买下由听众烘制的最大的饼干。  

13. The response to this competition was tremendous.  
这次竞赛在听众中引起极其热烈的反响。  

14. Before long, biscuits of all shapes and sizes began arriving at the factory.  
不久，形状各异，大小不一的饼干陆续送到工厂。  

15. One lady brought in a biscuit on a wheelbarrow.  
一位女士用手推车运来一个饼干，  

16. It weighed nearly 500 pounds.  
重达500磅左右。  

17. A little later, a man came along with a biscuit which occupied the whole boot of his car.  
相隔不一会儿，一个男子也带来一个大饼干，那个饼干把汽车的行李箱挤得满满的。  

18. All the biscuits that were sent were carefully weighed.  
凡送来的饼干都仔细地称量。  

19. The largest was 713 pounds.  
最重的一个达713磅，  

20. It seemed certain that this would win the prize.  
看来这个饼干获奖无疑了。  

21. But just before the competition closed, a lorry arrived at the factory with a truly colossal biscuit which weighed 2,400 pounds.  
但就在竞赛截止时间将到之际，一辆卡车驶进了工厂，运来了一个特大无比、重达2,400磅的饼干。  

22. It had been baked by a college student who had used over 1,000 pounds of flour, 800 pounds of sugar, 200 pounds of fat, and 400 pounds of various other ingredients.  
它是由一个大学生烘制的，用去1,000多磅的面粉、800磅食糖、200磅动物脂肪及400磅其他各种原料。  

23. It was so heavy that a crane had to be used to remove it from the lorry.  
饼干份量太重了，用了一台起重机才把它从卡车上卸下。  

24. The manufacturers had to pay more money than they had anticipated, for they bought the biscuit from the student for $24,000.  
饼干公司不得不付出比他们预计多得多的钱，因为为买下那学生烘制的饼干他们支付了24,000美元。  

New words and expressions 生词和短语

     influence
v.   影响

     pride
v.   骄傲

     taste
n.   鉴赏力

     exert
v.   施加

     subtle
aj.  微妙的，难以捉摸的

     advertiser
n.   做广告的人

     classify
v.   分类

     magic
adj. 有奇妙作用

     sample
n.   样品

     devise
v.   设计，想出

     capture
v.   吸引，赢得

     manufacturer
n.   生产厂家，制造商

     wheelbarrow
n.   独轮手推车

     boot
n.  （汽车尾部的）行李箱

     ingredient
n.   配料

     crane
n.   起重机

     anticipate
v.   预期，预料

Notes on the text课文注释

1  No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.
没有人能避免受广告的影响。
avoid一词需接动名词作宾语， being influenced是动名词一般式的被动形式。

2  Much as we may pride ourselves…，尽管我们可以自夸……，虽然我们可以为……而感到自豪。
这是一个让步状语从句，连词 much as可以译成“虽然很……”

3  get something for nothing，免费得到。

4  go wrong ，出差错，出毛病。

5  the response to this competition，对这一竞赛的反响。

一起学~!@#$%^&*

每天一课有难度,我几天一课背完过几天又忘了,敬佩你的学习热度!有人说学英语就象小孩学说话,重复重复再重复,没有捷径可走

楼主奉献精神高远，可敬可佩！
谢谢！

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