Lesson 27 Nothing to sell and nothing to buy 不卖也不买
1. It has been said that everyone lives by selling something.
据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。
2. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge,
根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，
3. philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort.
哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。
4. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material goods in terms of money,
虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡量，
5. it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us.
但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。
6. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives,
有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。
7. yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service.
但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。
8. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop.
社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。
9. Everyone has something to sell.
人人都有东西可以出售。
10. Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule.
在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，
11. Beggars almost sell themselves as human beings to arouse the pity of passers-by.
乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。
12. But real tramps are not beggars.
但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。
13. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others.
他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要从别人那儿得到任何东西，
14. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity.
在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。
15. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him.
游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。
16. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences.
他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。
17. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but he is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people.
他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。
18. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease.
他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。
19. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do.
由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。
20. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive;
为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；
21. he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom.
确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活，但他决不会牺牲自由。
22. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars,
说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。
23. but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?
但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不感到有些羡慕呢?
New words and expressions 生词和短语
philosopher
n. 哲学家
wisdom
n. 智慧
priest
n. 牧师
spiritual
adj. 精神上的
grudge
v. 不愿给，舍不得给
surgeon
n. 外科大夫
passer-by
n. 过路人（复数 passers-by)
dignity
n. 尊严
deliberately
adv. 故意地
consequence
n. 后果，结果
afflict
v. 使苦恼，折磨
ease
n. 容易
nature
n. 大自然
contempt
n. 蔑视的
envious
adj. 嫉妒的
Notes on the text课文注释
1 in the light of，依据，按照。
2 in terms of，从……方面（说来），按照。
3 grudge paying 中，grudge作“吝惜”，“不愿”解，后面要接名词或动名词。
这句话中的this service 指上文 to save our lives。
4 The conditions of society are such that…
such此处为代词，作“这样”解，that所引起的从句，可视为同位语从句。
5 be free from…，作“不受……影响”解，后面常接 pain（痛苦）， trouble（苦恼）， danger（危险）一类的词语。
6 By having to sleep in the open，由于不得不在露天过夜，这一介词短语作原因状语。
7 in times of real need，确实需要的时侯。
8 put them in the same class as begars，把他们归为乞丐一类。 the same… as…，像……一样。
1. Small boats loaded with wares sped to the great liner as she was entering the harbour.
当一艘大型班船进港的时候，许多小船载着各种杂货快速向客轮驶来。
2. Before she had anchored, the men from the boats had climbed on board
大船还未下锚。小船上的人就纷纷爬上客轮。
3. and the decks were soon covered with colourful rugs from Persia, silks from India, copper coffee pots, and beautiful handmade silverware.
一会儿工夫，甲板上就摆满了色彩斑斓的波斯地毯。印度丝绸。铜咖啡壶以及手工制作的漂亮的银器。
4. It was difficult not to be tempted.
要想不为这些东西所动心是很困难的。
5. Many of the tourists on board had begun bargaining with the tradesmen,
船上许多游客开始同商贩讨价还价起来，
6. but I decide not to buy anything until I had disembarked.
但我打定主意上岸之前什么也不买。
7. I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed by a man who wanted to sell me a diamond ring.
我刚下船，就被一个人截住，他向我兜售一枚钻石戒指。
8. I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.
我根本不想买，但我不能掩饰这样一个事实：其钻石之大给我留下了深刻的印象。
9. Some of them were as big as marbles.
有的钻石像玻璃球那么大。
10. The man went to great lengths to prove that the diamonds were real.
那人竭力想证明那钻石是真货。
11. As we were walking past a shop, he held a diamond firmly against the window and made a deep impression in the glass.
我们路过一家商店时，他将一颗钻石使劲地往橱窗上一按，在玻璃上留下一道深痕。
12. It took me over half an hour to get rid of him.
我花了半个多小时才摆脱了他的纠缠。
13. The next man to approach me was selling expensive pens and watches.
向我兜售的第二个人是卖名贵钢笔和手表的。
14. I examined one of the pens closely.
我仔细察看了一枝钢笔，
15. It certainly looked genuine.
那看上去确实不假，
16. At the base of the gold cap, the words \'made in the U.S.A\' had been neatly inscribed.
金笔帽下方整齐地刻有“美国制造”字样。
17. The man said that the pen was worth $50, but as a special favour, he would let me have it for $30.
那人说那支笔值50英镑，作为特别优惠，他愿意让我出30英镑成交。
18. I shook my head and held up five fingers indicating that I was willing to pay $5.
我摇摇头，伸出5根手指表示我只愿出5镑钱。
19. Gesticulating wildly, the man acted as if he found my offer outrageous, but he eventually reduced the price to $10.
那人激动地打着手势，仿佛我的出价使他不能容忍。但他终于把价钱降到了10英镑。
20. Shrugging my shoulders, I began to walk away when, a moment later, he ran after me and thrust the pen into my hands.
虽然他绝望地举起双手，但他毫不迟疑地收下了我付给他的5镑钱。
21. I felt especially pleased with my wonderful bargain -- until I got back to the ship.
在回到船上之前，我一直为我的绝妙的讨价还价而洋洋得意。
22. No matter how hard I tried, it was impossible to fill this beautiful pen with ink and to this day it has never written a single world!
然而不管我如何摆弄，那枝漂亮的钢笔就是吸不进墨水来。直到今天，那枝笔连一个字也没写过！
New words and expressions 生词和短语
wares
n. 货物，商品
anchor
v. 停航下锚
deck
n. 甲板
silverware
n. 银器
tempt
v. 吸引；引诱
bargain
v. 讨价还价
disembark
v. 下船上岸
assail
v. 纠缠
marble
n. 小玻璃球
inscribe
v. 刻写，雕
favour
n. 好处，优惠
gesticulate
v. （讲话时）打手势
outrageous
adj. 出人预料的；令人不悦的
thrust
v. 硬塞给
Notes on the text课文注释
1 I had no sooner got off the ship than I was assailed，我刚刚一下船就被……人纠缠住了。 no sooner… than…作“刚……就……”讲
1. Whether we find a joke funny or not largely depends on where we have been brought up.
我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。
2. The sense of humour is mysteriously bound up with national characteristics.
幽默感与民族有着神秘莫测的联系。
3. A Frenchman, for instance, might find it hard to laugh at a Russian joke.
譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。
4. In the same way, a Russian might fail to see anything amusing in a joke which would make an Englishman laugh to tears.
同样的道理，一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话，俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处。
5. Most funny stories are based on comic situations.
大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。
6. In spite of national differences, certain funny situations have a universal appeal.
尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。
7. No matter where you live, you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin\'s early films.
比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别林的早期电影很难不发笑。
8. However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from the U.S., has recently come into fashion.
然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。
9. It is called \'sick humour\'.
它被叫作“病态幽默”。
10. Comedians base their jokes on tragic situations like violent death or serious accidents.
喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。
11. Many people find this sort of joke distasteful. The following example of \'sick humour\' will enable you to judge for yourself.
许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。
12. A man who had broken his right leg was taken to hospital a few weeks before Christmas.
圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿被送进医院。
13. From the moment he arrived there, he kept on pestering his doctor to tell him when he would be able to go home.
从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。
14. He dreaded having to spend Christmas in hospital.
他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。
15. Though the doctors did his best, the patient\'s recovery was slow.
尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。
16. On Christmas Day, the man still had his right leg in plaster.
圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，
17. He spent a miserable day in bed thinking of all the fun he was missing.
他在床上郁郁不乐地躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。
18. The following day, however, the doctor consoled him by telling him that his chances of being able to leave hospital in time for New Year celebrations were good.
然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的，
19. The man took heart and, sure enough, on New Years\' Eve he was able to hobble along to a party.
那人听后振作了精神。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。
20. To compensate for his unpleasant experiences in hospital, the man drank a little more than was good for him.
为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。
21. In the process, he enjoyed himself thoroughly and kept telling everybody how much he hated hospitals.
在晚会上他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。
22. He was still mumbling something about hospitals at the end of the party when he slipped on a piece of ice and broke his left leg.
晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
largely
adv. 在很大程度上
comic
adj. 喜剧的，可笑的
universal
adj. 普通的
comedian
n. 滑稽演员，喜剧演员
distasteful
adj. 讨厌的
pester
v. 一再要求，纠缠
dread
v. 惧怕
recovery
n. 康复
plaster
n. 熟石膏
console
v. 安慰，慰问
hobble
v. 瘸着腿走
compensate
v. 补偿
mumble
v. 喃喃而语
Notes on the text课文注释
1 whether we find a joke funny or not，这是一个名词性的从句，在句中作主语。
2 be bound up with，与……联系在一起。
3 you would find it difficult not to laugh at, say, Charlie Chaplin\'s early films. 比如说，你看了查理·卓别林的早期电影很难不发笑。句中的say是插入语，可译作“比如说”。查理·卓别林是电影史上最有名的演员之一。他在诸如《淘金记》（1924）这类电影中扮演的流浪汉“小人物”在各种不利的条件下仍获得了成功。
4 stem from，起源于。
5 come into fashion，开始流行，时兴起来。
6 judge for yourself，你自己来判断。
7 take heart，振作精神。
8 the man drank a little more than was good for him．这个人稍微多喝了一点酒。
1. For years, villagers believed that Endley Farm was hunted.
多年来，村民们一直认为恩得利农场在闹鬼。
2. The farm was owned by two brothers, Joe and Bob Cox.
恩得利农场属于乔.考科斯和鲍勃.考科斯兄弟俩所有。
3. They employed a few farmhands, but no one was willing to work there long.
他们雇了几个农工，但谁也不愿意在那儿长期工作下去。
4. Every time a worker gave up his job, he told the same story.
每次雇工辞职后都叙述着同样的故事。
5. Farm labourers said that they always woke up to find that work had been done overnight.
雇工们说，常常一早起来发现有人在夜里把活干了，
6. Hay had been cut and cowsheds had been cleaned.
干草已切好，牛棚也打扫干净了。
7. A farm worker, who stayed up all night claimed to have seen a figure cutting corn in the moonlight.
有一个彻夜未眠的雇工还声称他看见一个人影在月光下收割庄稼。
8. In time, it became an accepted fact the Cox brothers employed a conscientious ghost that did most of their work for them.
随着时间的流逝，考科斯兄弟雇了一个尽心尽责的鬼，他们家的活大部分都让鬼给干了，这件事成了公认的事实。
9. No one suspected that there might be someone else on the farm who had never been seen.
谁也没想到农场竟会有一个从未露面的人。
10. This was indeed the case.
但事实上确有此人。
11. A short time ago, villagers were astonished to learn that the ghost of Endley had died.
不久之前，村民们惊悉恩得利农场的鬼死了。
12. Everyone went to the funeral, for the \'ghost\' was none other than Eric Cox, a third brother who was supposed to have died as a young man.
大家都去参加了葬礼，因为那“鬼”不是别人，正是农场主的兄弟埃里克.考科斯。人们以为埃里克年轻时就死了。
13. After the funeral, Joe and Bob revealed a secret which they had kept for over fifty years.
葬礼之后，乔和鲍勃透露了他们保守了长达50多年的秘密。
14. Eric had been the eldest son of the family, very much older than his two brothers.
埃里克是这家长子。年龄比他两个弟弟大很多，
15. He had been obliged to join the army during the Second World War.
第二次世界大战期间被迫参军。
16. As he hated army life, he decided to desert his regiment.
他讨厌军旅生活，决定逃离所在部队。
17. When he learnt that he would be sent abroad, he returned to the farm and his father hid him until the end of the war.
当他了解自己将被派遣出国时，他逃回农场，父亲把他藏了起来，直到战争结束。
18. Fearing the authorities, Eric remained in hiding after the war as well.
由于害怕当局，埃里克战后继续深藏不露。
19. His father told everybody that Eric had been killed in action.
他的父亲告诉大家，埃里克在战争中被打死了。
20. The only other people who knew the secret were Joe and Bob.
除此之外，只有乔与鲍知道这个秘密。
21. They did not even tell their wives.
但他俩连自己的妻子都没告诉。
22. When their father died, they thought it their duty to keep Eric in hiding.
父亲死后，他们兄弟俩认为有责任继续把埃里克藏起来。
23 All these years, Eric had lived as a recluse.
这些年来，埃里克过着隐士生活，
24. He used to sleep during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact that he had become the ghost of Endley.
白天睡觉，夜里出来干活，一点不知道自己已成了恩得利家场的活鬼。
25. When he died, however, his brothers found it impossible to keep the secret any longer.
他死后，他的弟弟们才觉得无法再保守这个秘密了。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
labourer
n. 劳动者
overnight
adv. 一夜期间
hay
n. 干草
corn
n. 谷物
moonlight
n. 月光
conscientious
adj. 认真的
suspect
v. 怀疑
desert
v. （军队中）开小差
regiment
n. （军队）团
action
n. 战斗
recluse
n. 隐士
Notes on the text课文注释
1 every time (=whenever) 作“每当……”解，引导时间状语从句。
2 stay up，熬夜，不睡觉。
3 In time, it became an accepted fact that…，最后，……已成为公认的一个事实。in time作“终于”，“最后”讲。 that引导的从句作fact的同位语。
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