5. In research published in the journal Science, Smith and his colleagues predicted that the next three or four years would show little warming despite an overall forecast that saw warming over the decade. 15\'
史密斯和他的同事在科学杂志上发表研究,预计在未来的三四年里升温幅度不大,而未来十年内温度上长明显。
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6. \"There is particular interest in the coming decade, which represents a key planning horizon for infrastructure upgrades, insurance, energy policy and business development,\" Smith and his co-authors noted.The real heat will start after 2009, they said. 20\'
“未来的10年引发了人们极大的兴趣，因为它对于基础设施升级、保险、能源政策和商业发展的远景规划来说是个关键”，史密斯和他的合著者表示。他们还说，真正的升温将在2009年后开始。
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7. Until then, the natural forces will offset the expected warming caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels, which releases the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide.To check their models, the scientists used a series of \"hindcasts\" - forecasts that look back in time - going back to 1982, and compared what their models predicted with what actually occurred. 30\'
直到那时，自然力量将会抵消人类活动造成的升温的影响，例如化石燃料的燃烧，这些燃料将释放温室气体二氧化碳。为了验证他们的模型，科学家使用了一系列的后期预测方法——模拟过去，回到1982年，比较模型在过去预测到的和当时发生的情形。
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8. Factoring in the natural variability of ocean currents and temperature fluctuations yielded an accurate picture, the researchers found. This differed from other models which mainly considered human-caused climate change. 15\'
通过分析洋流和温度波动等自然变化，绘制精确的图表，研究人员发现，这完全不同于主要考虑人为因素改变气候的模型。
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9. \"Over the 100-year timescale, the main change is going to come from greenhouse gases that will dominate natural variability, but in the coming 10 years the natural internal variability is comparable,\" Smith said. 15\'
史密斯说，以100年为刻度，促使主要改变的温室气体将受自然变化支配，但是未来10年内自然内部并无明显变化。
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10. In another climate change article in the online journal Science Express, U.S. researchers reported that soot from industry and forest fires had a dramatic impact on the Arctic climate, starting around the time of the Industrial Revolution. Industrial pollution brought a seven-fold increase in soot - also known as black carbon - in Arctic snow during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, scientists at the Desert Research Institute found. 35\'
在一个名为科学快递的在线杂志上有另一篇关于气候改变的文章，美国研究人员报告说工业和森林失火排放的烟灰对于北极气候有着戏剧性的影响，影响开始于工业革命时期。沙漠研究院的科学家们发现在19世纪末到20世纪初之间，工业污染使北极的雪中的烟灰（即大家知道的碳黑）增加了七倍。
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11. Soot, mostly from burning coal, reduces the reflectivity of snow and ice, letting Earth\'s surface absorb more solar energy and possibly resulting in earlier snow melts and exposure of much darker underlying soil, rock and sea ice. This in turn led to warming across much of the Arctic region. 20\'
烟灰主要来自于煤炭的燃烧，它降低了冰雪的反射率，导致地表吸收了更多的太阳能，可能导致冰雪更早融化并且暴露出更加深色的冰雪下的土地、岩石、和海冰。这样轮番导致了北极大部分地区的升温。
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12. At its height from 1906 to 1910, estimated warming from soot on Arctic snow was eight times that of the pre-industrial era, the researchers said. 10\'
研究人员说，从1906到1910年间北极雪层上的烟灰的厚度估计是工业化之前的8倍之多。
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1. Global warming is forecast to set in with a vengeance after 2009, with at least half of the five following years expected to be hotter than 1998, the warmest year on record, scientists reported on Thursday. 15\'
科学家星期四报道，全球气候变暖预测将会在2009年后狂热出现，并且在接下来的5年中至少有一半的时间将比1998年气温更高。1998年是历史记录中温度最高的年份。
1. Global warming is forecast to set in with a vengeance after 2009, with at least half of the five following years expected to be hotter than 1998, the warmest year on record, scientists reported on Thursday. 15'
据星期四科学家报道说，全球变暖预计在2009年以后愈演愈烈，在未来的五年里至少有一半的时间比历史记录以来最热的一年——1998年更热。
