1 忠实:指把原文的信息完整而准确地表达出来,使译文读者得到的信息与原文读者得到的信息大致相同。
例一:You can’t be too careful with them.
误:你不能对他们太谨小慎微了。
正:你对他们再谨慎也不过分。
分析:这是考研真题中曾经出现过的一个用法,值得注意。can not ……too翻译成“再……也不过分”。
例二:He went to the seaside only to be drowned.
误:他到海边去自杀。
正:他到海边去,结果却被淹死了。
2 通顺:指译文规范,明白易懂,没有文理不通,结构混乱,逻辑不清的现象。
例一:Supporters of the “nature” theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined.
原译:“天性”论的支持者坚持,我们出生时带有某种学习能力,这种学习能力从生物学上讲已是被确定了的。
改译:支持“天性”论的人坚持说,我们生来就具有一定的学习能力,这是由生物因素决定的。
例二:Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth.
原译:他的许多思想对当代青年特别有兴趣。
改译:他有许多观点,当代青年特别感兴趣。
【步骤】
1 新东方赵敏老师的口诀:(补充一下:翻译时先把要翻译的句子的上下文大致浏览一下,看看有无前后的指代需要翻译出来)
a 划动词,定主谓,确定各成分
b 理关系,定词义(适当于此句背景的),按意群(各句意义)翻译
c 按逻辑调整语序,写出中文表达
d 重新组合,删多余(即一些美语表达的连词)
e 核对检查
2 朱泰祺《新编硕士研究生英语入学考试复习指导》中介绍的三步曲:
a 首先把文章浏览一遍,注意全文的主题句和结论句,把握文章的中心思想,熟悉文章的主要内容。
b 结合上下文,着重理解划线部分句子的含意。这时,要特别注意句中的指代关系、惯用搭配和句子结构。在细致分析和深入理解的基础上,用通顺的汉语表达出来。凡遇直译不能通顺表达的地方,可以采用意译,但必须忠实原文表达的含意。
c 把译文和原文逐句对照,纠正错误,增补漏译,加工润色。
1 请根据翻译将此句空白处单词补充完整。
They want to explain why we possess certain _____ and _______ certain behaviors.
(他们想说明为什么我们具有某些性格特征并表现出来某些行为。)
2 请将此句翻译成中文:
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.
3请将此句的翻译成中文:
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
1 请根据翻译将此句空白处单词补充完整。
They want to explain why we possess certain ___charastics__ and ____exhibit___ certain behaviors.
(他们想说明为什么我们具有某些性格特征并表现出来某些行为。)
2 请将此句翻译成中文:
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.
那些站在这场争论的天性一方的人认为,我们的个性和行为形式在很大程度上是由生物因素决定的
3请将此句的翻译成中文:
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual dev行为学家认为,那些在有许多发展他或者她的适应反应能力刺激的环境中抚养大的孩子,将经历更大的智力发展
1.They want to explain why we possess certain ____ and ____certain behaviors.
(他们想说明为什么我们具有某些性格特征并表现出来某些行为。)
填入:characteristics和present
2 请将此句翻译成中文:
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.
译文:争论中“天性论”的支持者们认为,我们的性格和行为类型在很大程度上是由生物因素决定的。
3请将此句的翻译成中文:
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
译文:行为主义者认为,刺激会使儿童练就一种对事物做出适当反应的能力,在这样一种充满刺激的环境中成长起来的儿童智力发展会更好。
1 请根据翻译将此句空白处单词补充完整。
They want to explain why we possess certain __personalities___ and ___express____ certain behaviors.
(他们想说明为什么我们具有某些性格特征并表现出来某些行为。)
2 请将此句翻译成中文:
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.
那些支持矛盾的自然的那一面的人相信我们的个性和行为模式很大程度上是有生物因素所决定的。
3请将此句的翻译成中文:
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.