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(转)【穿越研英】冲击翻译,不得不恋(第6期,已奖励)

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tangshufang 发表于 08-11-20 10:57:53 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏览 |阅读模式
[fly]研英学习交流QQ群:73976411 有问题欢迎群里交流
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往期回顾,点击可见:
第一期     第二期     第三期    第四期    第五期    第六期    


第七期http://bbs.freekaoyan.com/thread-336841-1-1.html



http://224.cachefile22.rayfile.com/2c32/zh-cn/preview/fac6a32fa52f977843ed83dc5deff200/preview.wma

昨天的卡门大家有没有听啊,今天的也是卡门哦,不过换了一版——弗拉门戈派的《卡门》~

Come on , guys!~~
Are you ready? Gooooooooooooooooooo!!!



【英文翻译的基本方法和技巧之三】 (资料来源: 朱泰祺《新编硕士研究生英语入学考试复习指导》)
1 减词法:是指原文中有些词在译文中不译出来,但译文给读者的感受和原文相同


例:But one basic difference of opinion concerns the question of whether or not the city as such is to be preserved.

分析:原文句子中有question一词,但汉语译文集有“是否”两字,即为“问题”,故不比把question再译出来。此外,译文已经表达了原文的含义,可见,如把concerns 再译成“涉及到”,则译文读起来晦涩累赘,不如不译。

★注意:
①减词的原则是,不能影响原文意思的完整,并应符合汉语表达的规范。只要符合这一原则,凡未被汉语表达习惯的词均应减去,使译文简洁明了。
②英译汉时,有些起语法功能的词常常可以不译,这些词包括:
A 作形式主语或形式宾语的it
B 某些物主代词
C 强调句型中的it和表示时间或表示地点的非人称it
D 不影响逐句与从句逻辑关系的连接词。


例:It is the uses to which television is put that determine its value to society.
译文:电视对社会的价值取决于我们怎样去利用它。

下面说的这个方法和技巧,小王子个人看来把它单独抽出来说似乎有点多余,但考虑到这是我们翻译时常犯的错误和急于想知道的技巧。所以还是把它整理出来了。(MS我这句话也是nonsense. - _- ||呵呵)


2 死译与活译

死译:即逐词翻译,翻译时以词为单位,使原文的每个词语译文的每个词相对应。它拘泥于原文的词句结构,译文往往不符合汉语的表达习惯,结果使文字晦涩,指意不明。

活译:翻译时既忠实原文,又不受原文中词句结构的束缚,在用词和句法结构方面考虑到汉语的表达习惯作较大的调整和变更,使译文通顺达意。

研究生入学考试中的英译汉部分,要求考生按文章的语篇意思和汉语的表达习惯准确、贴切地把原文句子译成汉语,因此必须避免死译。

例:Its beginnings obscured by unemployment caused by the world economic slow-down, the new technological unemployment may emerge as the great socio-economic challenge of the end of the 20th century.

原译:最新技术一开始就由于全球性经济缓慢而引起的失业而前景暗淡,新技术引起的失业问题可能会以20世纪末社会经济挑战而出现。

改译:虽然新技术所带来的失业问题,在它开始出现的时候与当时全球性的经济衰退所引起的失业现象相比不过是小巫见大巫,但到20世纪末,这个问题可能成为对社会经济的巨大挑战。

分析:这是一个简单句。Its…slow-down是分词独立结构,在句中作让步状语。其中caused …slow-down是过去分词短语,作定语修饰unemployment.代词Its的照应词是本句的主语technological unemployment。这种前照应的语言现象在英语中屡见不鲜。不能译为“最新技术”,译为“它的”也不符合汉语的习惯。obscure 意思是make sth. dim or indistinct (使……不分明)。由于unemployment是一种消极的社会现象,故Its beginnings obscured by unemployment…的含意是后者使前者显得不那么引人注目,译为“相形见绌,黯然失色”均不妥。“原译”在于没有正确理解代词的指代关系,进而牵强地把obscured译为“前景暗淡”使得整个译文逻辑不通,未能准确表达原文的信息。

聪明的你,是不是快被小王子的技巧“毒”倒了?哈哈,没关系,来吧,以毒攻毒,在实战中把“毒”逼出来吧!!!~~
Nothing is impossible!

【作业】
1 请对下面句子进行分析,划分句子结构。(如果你觉得四步翻译法好,请使用,,
温习点这

The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:it invites you to think that animal should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice .Better to start with another, more fundamental ,question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
(来自1997年英译汉真题)


2 请将上面的句子翻译成中文。

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文:(注意fact的翻译)

Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
(来自1990年英译汉真题)


【不得不恋规则】
1从以上句子中选取两个进行练习,参与者均奖励22KY。只完成一句或不按要求做者,恕不奖励。三句全完成者奖励30KY

2 说说你的翻译技巧,或对本节目的建议意见,积极参与者均奖励20KY

【不得不恋栏目计划】 :每期大约三句供选择,每周一至周六开课,周日自己回顾。 [answerfly]1[/answerfly]




[fly] ~~休闲一句:Never wait until last minute.(生命在于呼吸间。)~~[/fly]





[ 本帖最后由 tangshufang 于 2008-11-21 13:28 编辑 ]
沙发
 楼主| tangshufang 发表于 08-11-20 10:59:29 | 只看该作者
答案:
1 分析:这是个复合句。句中用冒号把整个句子分成了两个部分:前面部分是个简单句,后面部分是个复合句,后面部分是对前面部分的说明。冒号后的主句是it invites you to think,that引导的是宾语从句,either…or…引导两个介词短语作状语修饰动词treat,在either引导的介词短语中,humans extend to other humans 是省略了从句引导词that的定语从句,修饰名词consideration.
划分:It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:/it invites you to think/ that animal should be treated /either with the consideration/ humans extend to other humans , /or with no consideration at all.

2 这种观点从一开始就把讨论引向极端,它使你认为动物应该被这样对待:要么像对待人类自身一样关切体谅,要么完全冷漠无情。
3注意:本句中fact引导的从句是同位语从句,修饰名词fact,在翻译成汉语时,fact不必译出,因为后面的从句已经揭示了fact 的具体含义。
译文:相反,行为主义认为,成绩的差异是由于黑人往往被剥夺了白人在教育及其它环境方面所享有的许多有利条件。
板凳
 楼主| tangshufang 发表于 08-11-20 11:00:23 | 只看该作者
1 请对下面句子进行分析,划分句子结构.
The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. It leads the discussion  to extremes /at the outset:it invites you to think that / animal should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, /or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice .Better to start with another, more fundamental ,question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
(来自1997年英译汉真题)


2 请将上面的句子翻译成中文。

这导致讨论变得极端了,它引导你去思考人们对待动物时,要么是像人类对人类那样的关爱,要么就一点也不关心。
没有译出at the outset:一开始

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文:(注意fact的翻译)
Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
(来自1990年英译汉真题)


相反,行为学家声称,分数的不同源于这样一个现实,那些白人享受到了的教育权和其他环境优势,在黑人这里被剥夺了。
译得怪怪的……



[ 本帖最后由 tangshufang 于 2008-11-20 11:36 编辑 ]
地板
konggx 发表于 08-11-20 12:43:23 | 只看该作者
【作业】
1 请对下面句子进行分析,划分句子结构。(如果你觉得四步翻译法好,请使用,,温习点这)

The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless. It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset/:it invites you to think that animal should be treated /either with the consideration (humans extend to other humans), or with no consideration at all. This is a false choice .Better to start with another, more fundamental ,question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
(来自1997年英译汉真题)
It leads the discussion to the extremes 是句子的主干,冒号后面的是对extrems 的补充说明,that animals should be treated ……做think的宾语,humans extend to other humans是定语从句修饰 consideration.
2 请将上面的句子翻译成中文。
这导致讨论从一开始就走向极端:它使人们这样思考,对待动物要么像人和人那样,要么就一点也不关心。

有点别扭[s:10]
3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文:(注意fact的翻译)

Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact /that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages /that whites enjoy.
(来自1990年英译汉真题)

相比之下,行为学家们认为,分数上的差异是基于这样的事实:白人享受的很多教育和其他环境优势,黑人们经常被剥夺。
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www.freekaoyan.com
5#
nvzhan 发表于 08-11-20 14:24:33 | 只看该作者
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:/it invites you to think /that animal /should be treated either( with the consideration humans extend to other humans), or (with no consideration at all).
这种观点导致争论开始走向两个极端,它让你思考动物应该被这样对待:要么像对待其他人类一样对待动物,要么对其漠不关心。

Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
相反的,行为主义学家认为分数的差异可以归咎于这样一个事实:白人能享受到教育和其它环境优势,黑人却经常被剥夺掉这些优势。

[ 本帖最后由 nvzhan 于 2008-11-20 14:58 编辑 ]
6#
youhuadairen2 发表于 08-11-20 14:51:02 | 只看该作者
1 请对下面句子进行分析,划分句子结构.
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: / it invites you to think /  that animal should be treated / either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, /or with no consideration at all.
(来自1997年英译汉真题)

2 请将上面的句子翻译成中文。

这种观点一开始就使讨论变得极端了,它使你认为人们该这样对待动物,要么像人类对人类那样的体贴,要么就一点也不关心。

3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文:(注意fact的翻译)
Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
(来自1990年英译汉真题)

相反,行为学家声称,分数的不同源于一个真相,黑人被剥夺了像白人一样享受教育和其他环境优势的权利。
7#
dayback 发表于 08-11-20 15:28:08 | 只看该作者
It leads/ the discussion to extremes( at the outset):it invites you to think that //animal should be treated  / either (with the consideration humans extend to other humans), or (with no consideration at all).
这使得讨论一开始就走向极端:要不使我们觉得应该象人类关怀自己一样对待动物,要不就认为根本用不着爱护动物。

Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
相反,行为学家认为分数的差别是由于黑人被剥夺了白人正拥有的许多教育及其它环境优势。
8#
蓝希 发表于 08-11-20 16:12:01 | 只看该作者
1 请对下面句子进行分析,划分句子结构。(如果你觉得四步翻译法好,请使用,,温习点这)
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:/it invites you to think/ that animal should be treated/ either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, /or with no consideration at all.
(来自1997年英译汉真题)
翻译:这个争论一开始就把争论引向了极端:它让你会做出一下的抉择:要么像对待人类一样对待动物,要么就不闻不问漠不关心。
3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文:(注意fact的翻译)
Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
(来自1990年英译汉真题)
翻译:行为主义则认为,成绩差异是由于黑人的许多权利被剥夺,包括白人所享有的教育及其它环境发展的权利。
[fly]今天的歌曲好活泼~~~[/fly]
[s:4] [s:4] [s:4]
期待下一期,今天的第二句好难翻。。。[s:5]
9#
mh19810801 发表于 08-11-20 18:04:10 | 只看该作者
1. It leads the discussion to extremes /at the outset:/it invites you to think/ that animal should be treated /either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, /or with no consideration at all.
2、讨论被引向了极端:让你思考动物是应该得到和人同样的关心呢,还是相反。
3、然而,行为学家称,成绩的差异通常是基于这样的问题:黑人通常被排除在白人享有的教育和环境优势之外。
楼主喜欢看《小王子》吗?
10#
wuyongjiu9 发表于 08-11-20 19:16:50 | 只看该作者
1、It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:\\it invites you to think \\that animal should be treated \\either with the consideration \\humans extend to other humans,\\ or with no consideration at all.
It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset这是句子的主干。后面是对extremes的说明。that后面是前面的think的宾语。either....or是用来修饰treat的
2、这个争论从一开始就引向极端:它使你认为对待动物要么就向对待人一样关心体贴,要么就漠不关心。
3 请把下面的句子翻译成中文:(注意fact的翻译)

Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.

相反,行动主义者认为,分数的差异归因于黑人被剥夺许多教育和其他环境方面的有利条件,而白人享有这些。
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